• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2016.10a
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• pp.162-163
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• 2016

Conventional window cleaning method has a number of limitations, for example, workers dependent and high crash risk. The purpose of this study is to derive the performance requirements of a window cleaning apparatus through technology survey. For this, we investigated the domestic and international patents related to window cleaning, and interviewed experts in the field of window cleaning and mechanical design. Through this research, we have proposed performance requirements of the window cleaning apparatus.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.89-107
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• 2019

Rock joints have an extremely important role in analyzing the mechanical stability and hydraulic characteristics of rock mass structures. Most rock joint parameters are generally indicated as a distribution by statistical techniques. In this research, calculation technique of Joint Center Volume (JCV) is analyzed, which is required for estimating the size distribution having the largest uncertainty among the joint parameters, then a new technique is proposed which is applicable regardless of the shape of survey window. The existing theoretical JCV calculation technique can be applied only to the plane window, and the complete enumeration techniques show the limitations in joint trace type and analysis time. This research aims to overcome the limitations in survey window shape and joint trace type through calculating JCV by using Monte Carlo simulation. The applicability of proposed technique is validated through the estimation results at non-planar survey windows such as curved surface and tunnel surface.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.33-38
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• 2009

This study purposed to examine how the window display of flower shops affects consumers' buying desire, and for this purpose, we surveyed flower buying customers' interest in window display according to their gender, age, and occupation. The survey was conducted using a questionnaire with flower shop customers in Seoul, Daegu, and Gyeongju. Interest in window display was over 1.5 times higher in women than in men. Among criteria for choosing a flower shop, window display was more important than other factors. With regard to experience of being stopped by unique window display, many of the respondents replied that they had such an experience, and the frequency was higher among women than among men. Among different types of window display, theme-type window display was most effective m stimulating customers' curiosity and buying desire. According to occupation, housewives showed particularly high interest in window display. The results of this study show that the window display of flower shops has a significant effect on consumers' buying desire.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.71-80
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to analyze the window area ratio distribution of building facade in Tokyo metropolitan area. The survey was carried out in Marunouchi, Kanda, Kasai and Todoriki district. The results of this study were as follows; to propose of window area ratio production method, analyzed and surveyed window area ratio of each district building-used and to compared every wall window area ratio of building. Every wall window area ratio of office district is $20\sim40%$, ones of non-office district is 15% or 35%. Residential area results are every wall window area ratio of apartment is 35%, ones of a house is 15%. To increase of office building to appear that Kanda, Kasai added window area ratio. But, Marunouchi, Todoriki wad not this tendency. Above mentioned results are made out database.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.222-226
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• 2009

The parts of building which has the most influence on thermal load are skins, outer walls and windows. Among them, window is the worst weak point of building even if it has many advantage of solar radiation gain than other parts. The present time, many researches on various performance of window and many types of system-window are being made. This study evaluates thermal performance of tilt & sliding system window by simulation program Therm 5.2 and Window 5.2. After making a sample model improving it's thermal weak point, this study evaluates real thermal performance of system window. As a result, this study understands manufacture ability condition of domestic company and proposes a research plan of system window.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.386-393
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• 2011

This study suggests an algorithm for estimating joint diameter distribution in rock mass from the joint trace length distribution around a circular tunnel. For estimating the joint diameter distribution, the concept of Joint Center Volume (JCV) suggested by Song. (2005) was applied and the calculation method of JCV for the cylindrical window survey was developed by using the complete survey method. The estimated joint diameter distribution was verified against the original joint diameter distribution by Monte-Carlo simulation. It was observed that the estimated joint diameter distribution was converged to the original joint diameter distribution with less than 20% of error.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.15-22
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• 2002

Importation of mass production of building elements with standardization are vital way for environment-friendly architectural planning, which it makes the lifespan of a building longer than normal with easier maintenance and remodeling. The advantage might be magnified here in Korea since typical types of apartment house are dominated in our construction market. For the purpose, a series of pre-manufactured window systems is one of the optimal elements to be prototype building modules. In the design process of the system windows, lots of consideration should be involved and they include aesthetics, thermal performance, noise reduction, airtightness, and so forth. A real survey on the ready-made window systems has been performed and its optical issue related to luminous peculiarity is what is of major interest in this study. In addition, technical review on more advanced window products and their adaptable potential for the integration with fundamental architectural design elements were carried out.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.201-211
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• 2016

A method for estimating rock joint size distribution using contained traces length distribution from 3D cylindrical window survey was suggested. To reduce the numerical error, an improved technique was applied. The accuracy was verified by referring to Monte-Carlo simulation and it was found that the error can be decreased with suitable gamma values.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.13-32
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• 2020

This study investigates the multi-dimensional structure of fashion store window creativity and examines its effects on consumer responses. Through an expert evaluation survey, this study proposes that fashion store window creativity involves originality, relevance, and artistry. Two experiments are conducted to test the proposed hypotheses. Consumers' emotional responses to the level of window creativity are collected using psychophysiological and self-report methods. Fashion store window creativity has positive effects on psychophysiological affective responses. When the three dimensions of creativity are specified as explanatory factors of emotional responses, relevance and artistry show positive effects on arousal and pleasure, whereas originality has a negative effect on pleasure. Its effect on attitudes is mediated by arousal and pleasure; in addition, the effect on entering intentions is mediated by arousal. Attitudes toward window display also have a positive effect on entering intentions. This study extends existing research on creativity in marketing into the context of visual merchandising in fashion store windows. Findings provide meaningful implications in that the effects of fashion store window creativity on emotions affect consumer attitudes and behavioral intention. By adopting multiple approaches in the empirical phase of this study, the findings are built on strong reliability and validity.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.29-40
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• 1994

The purpose of this study is to survey the transition of the type of openings in korean traditional archiectures. To do this, various types of openings at the backside of Daechung of 23 Hyang-Gyo Myung-Ryun-Dangs were investigated. After the classification in some groups according to their types and their periods of constuction, the tasnsition of the type of openings was analysed. Results are as follows. (1) The openings constructed form 16th to 17th century, the earliest form, is a ledged and battened panel window(or framed and ledged panel window) whose mullion is built on the frame of window. It is presumed that these types were widely used before 17th century. (2) The next type is ledged and battened panel window(door) (or framed and ledged panel window) which lacks a mullion. These types were thought to be customed after 18th century. (3) The lastest type, which is appeared from 19th to 20th century, is an characteristic backside opening(ledged and battened panel window or framed and ledged panel window) that among 3 column spacings the central one is enlarged in comparison with the right and left ones. Through this transition pattern of the openings, can be menifested that the trend of 20th century is to enlarge convenience of usage by constuctiong door and eliminating some windows.