• 생약학회지
• /
• 제35권1호통권136호
• /
• pp.52-61
• /
• 2004

Inhibitory activities of 264 methanol extracts, which were prepared from different parts of 210 kinds of wild and medicinal plants, against human thrombin were evaluated. Based on the anti-coagulation activity determined by thrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time, the 14 extracts were screened. The fibrinolytic activity, heat stability and inhibition of other proteolytic digestive enzymes, such as pepsin, papain, trypsin and chymotrypsin, of the 14 extracts were further determined, and Ginko biloba (herba), Ephedra sinica (radix), Reynoutria elliptica (herba), Amomum tsao-ko Crevost (fructus), and Magnolia officinalis Rehd. et Wils (bark) were finally selected as possible plant sources for anti-thrombosis agent. These results suggested that medicinal and wild plants could be the potential source of thrombin inhibitor.

• 한국균학회지
• /
• 제50권3호
• /
• pp.249-254
• /
• 2022

In June 2021, foot rot symptoms were observed in wasabi (Eutrema japonicum) plants growing in vinyl greenhouses of the Alpine Agricultural Experiment Station, Wild Vegetable Research Institute, in Taebaek, Gangwon Province, Korea. Diseased plants displayed black soft rot of crowns and petioles at the soil line and wilted. The incidence of diseased plants was 2-10% in four out of five vinyl greenhouses investigated. Eight fungal isolates were obtained from diseased plants. All the isolates were identified as Phytophthora pseudocrytogea based on their morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis. Three isolates of P. pseudocrytogea were used for pathogenicity test on wasabi plants via artificial inoculation. The pathogenicity of the isolates was confirmed in the inoculated wasabi plants. The symptoms shown by the inoculated plants were similar to those observed in plants from the investigated vinyl greenhouses. This is the first report of P. pseudocryptogea causing Phytophthora foot rot in wasabi.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제47권4호
• /
• pp.283-285
• /
• 2002

Momilactones A and B, the major phytotoxins and phytoalexins in rice plants, were quantified by a HPLC-APCI-MS-MS (APCI-MS-MS) system under multiple reaction monitoring conditions. Since MA and MB were found to be easily extracted with water, these phytotoxic compounds may affect germination and growth of other plant species when the rice straws were left in the fields.

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.111-118
• /
• 2008

Soybean is sensitive to waterlogging stress, leading to reduce their growth and yield significantly. The objective of this study was to characterize the relative sensitivities of biomass accumulation and specific nodule activity under waterlogging stress between supernoduating mutants, 'SS2-2' and 'Sakukei 4' and their wild-type soybeans, 'Sinpaldalkong 2' and 'Enrei', respectively. Flooding treatment was performed to soybean plants grown in a pot by waterlogging for 15 days from the beginning bloom(R1) stage under natural light. The nodule number and weight were considerably decreased by waterlogging stress. The bleeding sap rate of waterlogging soybean plants was decreased by 78-80% in supernodulating mutants and 65-74% in their wild types compared to control plants. The relative ureide-N content was also decreased by waterlogging and the reduction was high in supernodulating mutants. This may cause the massive reduction of shoot and root dry weight and leaf area in waterlogged soybean plants. There was a varietal difference in response to the waterlogging stress. During the waterlogging, supernodulating mutants maintained higher spad value than their wild types. Particularly, the difference between soybean varieties was clear in low rank leaves from the top. Also, supernodulating mutants showed a weak waterlogging tolerance than their wild types. Under waterlogging conditions, massive nodules were considerably destroyed and specific nodule activity after waterlogging may not be recovered when compared to their wild-type soybeans. Supernodulating mutants showed lower seed yield than their wild types in waterlogging conditions.

• 한국전통조경학회지
• /
• 제37권4호
• /
• pp.73-80
• /
• 2019

본 연구는 거투르트 지킬(Gertrude Jekyll)이 조성한 와일드 가든 형식의 작품에 사용된 식물의 종류와 식물간의 관계를 파악하여 식재패턴을 분석하는 연구이다. 연구를 위한 사례지는 코츠월드 코타지(Cotswold Cottage), 드라이톤 우드(Dryton Wood), 리틀 애스톤(Little Aston), 클랭프 코트(Frant Court) 4개소이다. 작품별로 사용된 식재 패턴에서 식물간의 직접적인 연결관계를 보기 위해 사회 네트워크 분석 프로그램인 R을 이용하여 연결중심성(degree centrality)을 분석하였다. 이 분석결과에 따라 상위그룹의 3순위에 속하는 식물을 도출하여 식물의 특징과 의미를 고찰하였다. 연구의 결과를 요약하면 연결중심성이 가장 높은 식물은 철쭉류로 나타났고, 야생 장미가 그 다음 순이었다. 내한성이 강한 교배종의 철쭉류는 하부식재로 여러 수종과 연결되어 비정형식의 숲정원 느낌을 추구하였다. 야생 장미 또한 자생 수종으로 생태적인 면과 미적인 면에서 연결 중심성이 높게 나타났으며 다층식재를 이루고 있다. 또한, 마가목, 채진목, 둥글레, 서양매발톱 등 흰색의 작은 꽃이 피는 수종을 식재하여 드리프트를 통한 식물 종을 자연스럽게 연결지을 수 있는 식물군락으로 와일드 가든을 조성하였다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.1-214
• /
• 1989

There shoul be high possibility of preventive and immune eficacy aqainst cancer when the anti-cancer plants are properly utilized in human dietary life as it is evident that considerable part of wild plantd or both medicinal use and ood are growing naturally in the mountainous area in korea, some of which have ben proved to be anti-cancer plants. this study, at this initial stage, has been done to acquire the fundamentals of 235 kinds of ante-cancer plants growing naturally in korea. from the results o thisresearch, the anti-cancer plants have been sorted out by amily and its number. and also the status of regional distribution of those plants and the kinds of anti-cancer plants used for both medicine and food were studied and experimented to see the medical efficacy against anti-tumor. this experiments were conduced in accodance with the total packed cell volume method and cyto toxicity method.

• 한국자원식물학회지
• /
• 제18권3호
• /
• pp.390-402
• /
• 2005

본 연구는 충청북도 제천시 생태숲 조성예정지의 자원식물상을 체계적으로 파악하기 위해 수행되었다. 이 지역은 북위 $37^{\circ}\;12'$, 동경 $127^{\circ}\;57'$에 위치하고 2004년 3월부터 10월까지 조사하였다. 관속식물상은 83과 238속 324종 44변종 3품종 등 총 371종류가 확인되었고 자원식물상 조사결과 관상용 식물자원은 178종 $(47.98\%)$, 식용 식물자원은 232종$(62.53\%)$, 약용 식물자원은 257종$(69.27\%)$, 기타용 식물자원은 154종$(41.51\%)$로 나타났다. 산림청 희귀 및 멸종위기식물은 너도바람꽃, 백작약, 태백 제비꽃, 미치광이풀로 조사되었다.

• Journal of Photoscience
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.39-44
• /
• 2000

To examine the chilling tolerance lipids, we compared the chilling susceptibility of photosystem II of wild type tobacco plants with that of transgenic tobacco plants, in which the sensitivity to chilling had been enhanced by genetic modification of fatty acid unsaturation of chloroplast membrane lipids. The transgenic tobacco plants were found to contain reduced levels of unsaturated membrane fatty acids by being tansformed with cDNA for glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase from squash. For the purpose of studying on the functional integrity of photosystem II during low-temperature photoinhibition, the photochemical efficiency was measured as the ration of the maximun fluorescence of chlorophyll (Fv/Fm) of photosystem II. In parallel with an investigation on the transgenic plants, susceptibility of chilling-resistant species, such as spinah and pea, and of chilling-sensitive ones, such as squash and sweet potato, to low-temperature photoinhibition was also compared in terms of room temperature-induced chlorophyll fluorescence from photosystem II. When leaf disks from the two genotypes of tobacco plants were exposed to light at 5$^{\circ}C$, the transgenic plants showed more rapid decline in photochemical activity of photosysytme II than wild-type plants. When they were pretreated with lincomycin, an inhibitor of chloroplast-encoded protein synthesis, the extent of photoinhibition was even more accelerated. More impottantly, they showed a comparable extent of photoinhibition in the presence of lincomycin, making a clear contrast to the discrepancy observed in the discrepancy observed in the absence of lincomycin. Restoration of Fv/Fm during recovery from low-temperature photoinhibition occurred more slowly in the transgenic tobacco plants than the wild-type. These findings are discussed in relation to fatty acid unsaturation of membrane phosphatidylglycerol. It appears that the ability of plants to rapidly regenerate the active photosystem II complex from might explain, in part, why chilling-resistant plants can toleratlow-temperature photoinhibition.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.52-57
• /
• 2007

Growth promotion of wild plants by some plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) was examined in the microcosms composed of soils collected separately from a grass-covered site and a nongrass-covered site in a lakeside barren area at Lake Paro, Korea. After sowing the seeds of eight kinds of wild plants and inoculation of several strains of PGPR, the total bacterial number and microbial activity were measured during 5 months of study period, and the plant biomasses grown were compared at the end of the study. Acridine orange direct counts in the inoculated microcosms, $1.3-9.8{\times}10^9\;cells{\cdot}g\;soil^{-1}$ in the soil from the grass-covered area and $0.9-7.2{\times}10^9\;cells{\cdot}g\;soil^{-1}$ in the soil from the nongrass-covered site, were almost twice higher than those in the uninoculated microcosms. The number of Pseudomonas sp., well-known bacteria as PGPR, and the soil dehydrogenase activity were also higher in the inoculated soils than the uninoculated soils. The first germination of sowed seeds in the inoculated microcosm was 5 days earlier than the uninoculated microcosm. Average lengths of all plants grown during the study period were 26% and 29% longer in the inoculated microcosms starting with the grass-covered soil and the nongrass-covered soil, respectively, compared with those in the uninoculated microcosms. Dry weights of whole plants grown were 67-82% higher in the inoculated microcosms than the uninoculated microcosms. Microbial population and activity and growth promoting effect by PGPR were all higher in the soils collected from the grass-covered area than in the nongrass-covered area. The growth enhancement of wild plants seemed to occur by the activities of inoculated microorganisms, and this capability of PGPR may be utilized for rapid revegetation of some barren lands.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• 제37권3호
• /
• pp.327-336
• /
• 2010

Cysteine proteases have been known as a critical factor in plant defense mechanisms in pineapple, papaya, or wild fig. Papain or ficin is one kind of cysteine proteases that shows toxic effects to herbivorous insects and pathogenic bacteria. However, resistance to bacterial soft rot of plants genetically engineered with cysteine protease has been little examined thus far. We cloned a cysteine protease cDNA from Ananas comosus and introduced the gene into Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa) under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. The transgene was stably integrated and actively transcribed in transgenic plants. In comparisons with wild-type plants, the $T_2$ and $T_3$ transgenic plants exhibited a significant increase in endo-protease activity in leaves and enhanced resistance to bacterial soft rot. A cDNA microarray analysis revealed that several genes were more abundantly transcribed in the transgenic than in the wild type. These genes encode a glyoxal oxidase, PR-1 protein, PDF1, protein kinase, LTP protein, UBA protein and protease inhibitor. These results suggest an important role for cysteine protease as a signaling regulator in biotic stress signaling pathways, leading to the build-up of defense mechanism to pathogenic bacteria in plants.