• 제목/요약/키워드: whole stalk

검색결과 39건 처리시간 0.024초

버어리종담배 대말림시 백화엽발생방지 및 건조기간단축에 관한 연구 (Studies on the Method of Reducing of the Photobleaching Leaves and Shortening the Curing Period in Burley Tobacco Stalk Curing)

  • 김상범;백기현;추홍구
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제28권2호
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    • pp.252-257
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    • 1983
  • 버어리종 대말림시 백화엽발생을 방지하고 건조기간을 단축하기 위하여 시험을 수행하였던 바, 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 건조실내 온도는 흑색비닐피복구 및 환기창이용구가 관행구보다 $3^{\circ}C$정도 높았으며, 탈수속도는 환기창이용구가 훨씬 빨랐다. 2. 백화엽발생율은 완전대말림구가 높았고, 지면을 30cm 판 처리가 낮았다. 3. 수량감소는 완전대말림구가 컸다. 4. 품질 및 대금은 환기창이용구 및 지면을 30cm판 구가 높았다. 5. 물리성은 줄말림용 차광막처리가 비교적 양호하였다. 6. 백화엽발생을 억제하기 위하여는 첫째, 본포에서 치마름엽과 과숙엽을 방지하고, 둘째, 하위엽은 1-2회 수확한 후 대베기를 실시하며, 셋째, 갈변후에는 건조기간을 단축시키기 위한 온습도관리에 유의해야 할 것으로 생각된다. 7. 버어리종 담배의 물리성을 향상시키면서 건조중 백화의 원인이 되는 산소 및 수분과의 반응을 억제시킬 수 있는 방법에 대하여는 앞으로 더욱 검토가 요구된다.

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수확시기에 따른 사일리지용 옥수수의 생육특성 및 수량 비교 (Agronomic and Silage Traits of Corn over Time)

  • 정의수;조무환;김종근;남덕우;진성주;장석윤;강희설
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
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    • 제30권4호
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    • pp.325-332
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    • 2010
  • 본 연구는 수확시기에 따른 사일리지용 옥수수의 생육특성을 구명하고자 2010년 4월 19일 파이오니아 31N27 품종을 수원 지방에 파종하였다. 7월 10일부터 9월 20일까지 10일 간격으로 수확하여 건물률과 수량조사를 하였다. 경엽의 건물률은 수확시기가 늦어질수록 꾸준히 증가하다가 9월 10일 가장 높은 58.5%를 보였고 그 이후에는 감소하였고(p < 0.05), 암이삭의 건물률은 직선적으로 증가하였으며 전체 건물률도 지속적인 증가를 보였으며(p < 0.05) 8월 11일에 사일리지 조제에 적합한 건물률 30%에 도달 하였다. 총건물에 대한 암이삭의 건물함량 비율은 출수 이후부터 증가하여(p < 0.05) 9월 20일에는 63.2%에 이르렀다. 암이삭의 건물수량은 수확시기가 늦어질수록 증가하였으나 경엽 및 전체의 건물수량과 TDN 수량은 9월 10일까지 유의적으로 증가하다가 그 이후에는 감소하였다(p < 0.05). 회귀식에 의한 결정계수(R-square)는 경엽은 0.57로 낮은 반면 암이삭의 상관계수는 0.92, 총 건물수량은 0.90, TDN 수량은 0.93으로 높게 나타났다.

메기 송과체의 신경세포에 관한 조직화학 및 전자현미경적 연구 (Histochemical and Electron Microscopic Study on the Nerve Cells of the Pineal Body of Catfish, Parasilurus asotus)

  • 오창석;김영우;김백윤
    • Applied Microscopy
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    • 제25권2호
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    • pp.1-10
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    • 1995
  • This study was carried out to clarify the neuronal organization in pineal body of catfish. The pineal body was observed by acetylcholinesterase histochemistry and electron microscopy. The neuronal types observed in the pineal body of catfish were bipolar and multipolar cells. Multipolar cells were found throughout the pineal end vesicle and whole stalk, but bipolar cells only in the end vesicle and distal stalk. The pineal tract was formed by the long axons of these neurons. The neuronal clusters(pineal ganglia) were also observed in the end vesicle. In summary, the type of neurons in catfish pineal was different from that of other species, and the neuronal distribution differed depending on the region of pineal body. These results reflect the interspecific and regional differences of the pineal organization of fishes.

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하고초 메탄올 추출물의 항산화 활성 (Antioxidant Activities of Methanol Extracts from Prunella vulgaris)

  • 이수정;성낙주;정혜광;신정혜;정영철;서종권
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제37권12호
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    • pp.1535-1541
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    • 2008
  • 하고초를 부위별(전초, 꽃대 및 줄기)로 메탄올 추출하여 항산화 활성을 비교하였다. 총 페놀화합물은 꽃대에서 77.1 mg/100 g으로 다른 부위에 비해 유의적인 차이를 보였으며, 전초와 줄기는 54.0 mg/100 g 이하였다. 플라보노이드는 줄기에서 36.1 mg/100 g으로 가장 높았다. 전자공여능은 시료의 농도에 의존적으로 증가하는 경향으로 $500{\mu}g/mL$ 첨가시에는 70% 이상의 전자공여능을 보였으며, $1000{\mu}g/mL$ 첨가 시 꽃대에서 92.1%로 유의적으로 높았다. 환원력은 전자공여능과 유사한 경향이었으며, 꽃대에서 $100{\sim}1,000{\mu}g/mL$ 첨가 시 $0.3{\sim}1.9$, 전초는 $0.2{\sim}1.6$, 줄기는 $0.2{\sim}1.5$의 범위로 꽃대>전초>줄기 순서로 높았다. Hydroxyl radical 소거능은 $100{\mu}g/mL$ 첨가 시 80% 이상이었으며, 부위별 유의 차가 없었다. $\beta$-carotene-linoleic acid계에서 지질과산화 억제능은 $1000{\mu}g/mL$ 첨가 시 $47.5{\sim}84.6%$로 꽃대에서 항산화능이 가장 높았다. ABTs 라디칼 소거능은 $250{\mu}g/mL$ 첨가 시 50% 이상의 소거능을 보였으며, $500{\sim}1,000{\mu}g/mL$ 첨가 시 $85.0{\sim}92.3%$로 농도 간에 유의차가 없었다. $1000{\mu}g/mL$ 첨가 시 nitric oxide 소거능은 꽃대에서 19.7%로 전초 및 줄기에 비해 유의적으로 높았고, 아질산염 소거능은 꽃대와 줄기에서 각각 30.7%와 32.5%로 전초에 비해 유의적으로 높았다. 이상의 항산화 활성 분석결과를 종합하여 볼때 하고초의 꽃대는 전초 및 줄기에 비해 항산화 활성이 높았는데 이는 페놀화합물의 함량에 의존적인 것으로 추정되며, 꽃대 부위를 선별하여 가공식품 소재로 활용할 경우 하고초의 항산화 활성을 보다 부각시킬 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

한국민속공예제품 가공기술 및 디자인 개발에 관한 제고방식-초경공예제품을 중심으로 (A Study on Folkcraft Processing Art and Designing Development-Especially Centerin garound Plant-Stalk Works)

  • 남상교
    • 디자인학연구
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    • 제2권1호
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    • pp.13-41
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    • 1989
  • The raw materials for plant-stalk-folkcrafts are cultivated in the whole country. Most Korean farmers, to increase their income, have produced mats and containers with various plants as a side line from very long ago. At first, they began from the instruments of life and then made folkart and at last get to manu\ulcornerfacturing of industrial folk craft. The folkcrafts, made of plant-stalk, which could nor conform to changing society, are partly declined and partly handed down as the traditions. The social change today, however, makes living conditions more speedy and multisided, accordingly the characteristics of demand also become in\ulcornerdividual and various. While the demend is various like this, suppliers cannot answer demendants' requirements, and consequently, the demand and profit cannot be increased. According to this, the purpose of this study is set up to give an answer to the situation that is at the traditional standstill, through an examination of the motives. I. The crafts of plant-stalk are made only in an organized relationship between agriculture, industry and art as it is compounded art of gathering raw material, manufacturing, producing, improv\ulcornering design and production conditions. It may be possible that a farmer gathers material and weaves it manually but in others, it is im\ulcornerpossible to refine, bleach and dye because the process requires a professional industrial treatment. It is impossible to make art works to a farmer as every farner does not always have aesthetic sense. Though a farmer or producer has these all abilities, it is not desirable to him from economical view. 2. The development or improvement is essential in many sides but the most important thing seems to he in design. According to reports, it is, howevt!r, fact that the crafts improved in design of existing works have more expanded the sales than newly developed works. Therefore, ir appears advisable to improve designs of existing things positively as they have merit of occupying a position already, but on the other hand, new crafts have to be also developed and the producer should grasp the proper time. 3. Building up an industrial complex to improve design with collecting the producing districts for this works scattered allover the country is very desirable for speedy communication, intensive educa\ulcorner tion or training, and effective guidance. 4. In producing for export abroad, before everything, must know the life environment, custom! and manners, main thought of the country, and then produce according to these. S. The crafts of plant-stalk are the fIrst industry in present but in the futher it should change intc second or third industry. 6. A synethetic organization for supporting side line should be established for effectiveness, and experts have to be secured and also the educational-industrial complex and activation of study should be preceded.

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EXAMINATION OF CALCULATION METHOD FOR THE FLEXURAL RIGIDITY OF CROP STALKS

  • Hirai, Yasumaru;Inoue, Eiji;Hashiguchi, Koichi;Kim, Young-Keun;Inaba, Shigeki;Tashiro, Katsumi
    • 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국농업기계학회 2000년도 THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY ENGINEERING. V.II
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    • pp.287-294
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    • 2000
  • Calculation of the flexural rigidity value (EI) is indispensable for prescription of deflection characteristics of crop stalks in harvesting□Conventionally□EI has been determined by either average EI of the whole stalk or average EI of each stems divided into node through the calculation method of cantilever with homogeneous section□However□deflection characteristics of crop stalks caused by mechanical operation such as combine harvester were not exactly presumed by these conventional EI through the experiment by authors. Further, actual EI of a stalk changes in company with a change of moisture contents as time passes during the experiment. Finally, efficient calculation method for determining EI is needed in order to improve these problems. In this study, mechanical model based on actual structure of the crop stalk with variety sectional area was proposed. This mechanical model is calculated by the theory of cantilever with continuous stages. Therefore, improvement of both calculating accuracy on EI and efficiency of measuring system was tried. At first, this calculation method was applied to piano wire of which EI was recognized in advance. As a result, EI calculated from this new method coincided approximately with piano wire's EI. Next, applying to crop stalks as same as piano wire, relationship between loads acting on crop stalks and deflection values calculated by EI using this new calculation method was exactly presumed in comparison with conventional method. Further, measuring time of deflection test was greatly reduced. Finally, new calculation method of EI will be available for estimating mechanical characteristics of so many kinds of crop stalks in harvesting operation. Further, in this study, new deflection test using image-processing apparatus by computer will be introduced.

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Morphometric Study of the Korean Adult Pituitary Glands and the Diaphragma Sellae

  • Ju, Kyo-Sung;Bae, Hack-Gun;Park, Hyung-Ki;Chang, Jae-Chil;Choi, Soon-Kwan;Sim, Ki-Bum
    • Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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    • 제47권1호
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    • pp.42-47
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    • 2010
  • Objective: To investigate the morphometric characteristics of the pituitary gland and diaphragma sellae in Korean adults. Methods: Using the 33 formaline fixed adult cadavers (23 male, 10 female), the measurements were taken at the diaphragma sellae and pituitary gland. The authors investigated the relationship between dura and structures surrounding pituitary gland, morphometric aspects of pituitary gland and stalk, and morphometric aspect of central opening of diaphragma sellae. Results: The boundary between the lateral surface of pituitary gland and the medial wall of cavernous sinus was formed by the thin dural layer and pituitary capsule. The pituitary capsule adherent tightly to the pituitary gland was observed to continue from the diaphragma sellae. Mean width, length, and height of the pituitary gland were 14.3${\pm}$2.1, 7.9${\pm}$1.3, and 6.0${\pm}$0.9 mm in anterior lobes, and 8.7${\pm}$1.7, 2.9${\pm}$1.1, and 5.8${\pm}$1.0 mm in posterior lobes, respectively. Although all dimensions of anterior lobe in female were slightly larger than those in male, statistical significance was noted in only longitudinal dimension. The ratio of posterior lobe to the whole length of pituitary gland was about 27%. The mean thickness of pituitary stalk was 2 mm. The diaphragmal opening was 5 mm or more in 26 (78.8%) of 33 specimen. The opening was round in 60.6% of the specimen, and elliptical oriented in an anterior-posterior or transverse direction in 39.4%. Conclusion: These results provide the safe anatomical knowledge during the transsphenoidal surgery and may be helpful to access the possibility of the development of empty sella syndrome.

Two New Marine Psammocinian Sponges (Demospongiae: Dictyoceratida: Irciniidae) from Korea

  • Lee, Kyung-Jin;Sim, Chung-Ja
    • Animal cells and systems
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    • 제8권3호
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    • pp.139-143
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    • 2004
  • Two new species of the genus Psammocinia (Dictyoceratida, Irciniidae), P. conulosa n. sp. and P. ulleungensis n. sp., are described from Namhaedo Island and Ulleungdo Island, Korea. Psammocinia conulosa n. sp. seems to be close to both P. amodes Cook and Bergquist, 1998 and P. hawere Cook and Bergquist, 1996 on the basis of the skeletal structure. However, these three species are clearly separated by the following differences: Shape of P. amodes is spatulate and thin, with a broad blade narrowing to a semi-cylindrical stalk; P. hawere forms cups with a shallow excavated bowl, and attached to the substratum by a narrow base. The whole surface of the new species is very finely conulose. Psammocinia ulleungensis n. sp. is similar to P. gageoensis Sim and Lee, 2001 in shape, but this species is easily distinguished from P. gageoensis by the simple skeletal structure.

Analysis of Handsheet Properties of Kenaf Base and Core Blended Pulps

  • Park, Jong-Moon;Pang, Myong-Hyeok;Cho, Nam-Seok
    • 펄프종이기술
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    • 제31권2호
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    • pp.70-76
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    • 1999
  • This study was to measure the potential of nonwoody fibrous material, kenaf. Whole stalk of kenaf, Hibiscus cannabinus was separated by two parts of bast and core portion, and cooked separately by alkaline method. Morphological characteristic was evaluated using confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) and fiber quality analyzer(FQA). The strength properties of handsheets, made by different mixing ration between kenaf base and core fibers, were measured. Cross-sectional area of bast fibers was smaller than that of core fibers, but the bast fibers had a thick cell wall and narrow lumen area. Bast fibers were longer in length than core fibers. Core fibers had thin cell walls, broad lumen areas, and short lengths, and they had collapsed shape even in water. These characteristics of core fibers affected strength properties of handsheet positively. When the amount of core fibers increased, the strength properties of handsheet were increased. When the amount of bast fibers increased, the handsheet had rougher surface and higher air permeability.

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Silage용 옥수수의 품종별 생산성 비교 Il. 옥수수 부위별 조성분 함량 및 영양소 생산성 (Comparison of Productivity of Various Silage Corn Varieties II. Chemical composition and nutrient yield of different part of silage corns)

  • 김병호;문여황;신정남
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
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    • 제12권3호
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    • pp.185-192
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    • 1992
  • This experiment was conducted to compare the productivity of five silage corn varieties. Corn varieties were Pioneer 3144(P 3144), 3160(P 3160), 3282(P 3282), 3352(P 3352) and Suweon 19(S 19) and were seeded on May 2 and harvested on August 15. Ratios of stalk, leaf and ear, chemical composition and yields of nutrients were investigated in respective corn part. Experimental design was accepted by Latin square arrangement with five replicates and each plot had twenty two plants. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Crude portein, crude ash and nitrogen free extract(NFE) contents of whole plant ranged from 6.32 to 7.18%, 5.16 to 7.43% and 52.62 to 57.90%, respectively, and there were no significant(P>.Ol) differences between varieties. Crude protein and NFE content were the highest in ear between corn parts. 2. Crude fiber conent of whole plant ranged from 18.98 % to 24.01 %, and was the highest in suweon 19 and the lowest in P 3352(P<.01). Crude fiber content was the highest in stem and the lowest in ear, However, crude fat content(2.03-3.66 %) vice versa. 3. Yields of organic matter, crude protein, crude fat, NFE and TDN per 10a were the greatest(P< .01) in P 3282, however crude fiber yield was the highest(P<.Ol) in P 3352. 4. Ratios of different part to total dry matter yield ranged from 12.7 %(P 3352) to 17.8 %(P 3160) for leaf, 44.5(P 3352) to 66.9 %(P 3160) for stem and husks, and 16.9 %(P 3282) to 42.8 %(P 3352) for ear, and there were significant differences between corn varieties(P<.Ol). Consequently, P 3352 has the greatest nutrient yields, particularly by ear, and P 3282 has a great nutrient yield by stem. This result suggested that could be appear a better character of silage corn by hybridization of this two corn varieties.

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