• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제15권11호
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• pp.940-944
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• 1994

The crystal structure of an ethylene sorption complex of dehydrated $Ag_{12}-A $reacted with bromine vapor has determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques in the cubic space group of Pm3m at 22(l)$^{\circ}$C (a=12.180(2) ${\AA}$). The crystal was prepared by dehydration of $Ag_{12}$-A at 400 $^{\circ}$C and $2 {\times} l0^{-6}$ Torr for 2 days, followed by exposure to 200 Torr of ethylene gas at 24(l) $^{\circ}$C for 1 hr. After the ethylene gas was evacuated for 1 hr, the crystal was exposed to 180 Torr of bromine vapor at 24(l) $^{\circ}$C for 1.5 h. The structure was refined to the final error indices, $R_1=0.066\;and\;R_2$ (weighted)=0.055, using 137 independent reflections for which I>3${\sigma}$I. About 55% of the sodalite unit contain two 6-ring $Ag^+$ ions and the remaining 45% contain $Ag_6$ molecules complexed to 2 $Ag^+$ ions at 6-ring sites to give $(Ag^+)_2(Ag_6).$ Upon sorption of ethylene, 4.75 ethylene molecules were sorbed per unit cell and of these, only 1.25 ethylene molecules were brominated by treatment of dibromine because of the limitation of the available space for the reaction products in the large cavity. In the large cavity, each of 3.5 $Ag^+$ ions forms a lateral ${\pi}$ complex with an ethylene molecule. About 2.5 8-ring $Ag^+$ ions per unit cell interact with 1.25 1,2-dibromoethane and each of ca. 1.25 6-ring $Ag^+$ ions also interacts with one of bromine atoms of 1,2-dibromoethane. Each bromine atom approaches a carbon atom with C-Br(l)=2.07(20) ${\AA}$ and C-Br(2)=2.07(10) ${\AA}$, respectively.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.57-69
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• 2022

최근 다양한 전기차 판매와 향상된 서비스는 전기차 이용량을 급격히 증가시켰고, 이에 따라 전기차 충전수요가 증가하고 있다. 하지만 전기차 충전소는 부족하고 충전서비스가 필요한 위치와 설치·운영되고 있는 충전소의 위치에 차이가 있어 충전서비스의 효율성이 낮은 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 이용자의 충전수요를 고려한 전기차 급속충전소의 최적입지를 선정하는 방법을 개발하였다. 충전수요를 고려할 수 있는 변수를 도출하고 데이터를 수집하였으며, AHP설문을 통해 각 변수의 가중치를 구하여 셀(cell)별로 가중평균된 입지잠재력점수를 산정하여 서울시 전역의 전기차 충전수요를 고려한 충전소의 최적입지를 도출하였다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.446-457
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was done to evaluate the effects of psychosocial interventions on cortisol and immune response in adult patients with cancer. Methods: MEDLINE via PubMed, Cochrane Library CENTRAL, EMBASE, CINAHL and domestic electronic databases were searched. Twenty controlled trials (11 randomized and 9 non-randomized trials) met the inclusion criteria with a total of 862 participants. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane's Risk of Bias for randomized studies and the Risk of Bias Assessment tool for non randomized studies. Data were analyzed using the RevMan 5.2.11 program of Cochrane library. Results: Overall, study quality was moderate to high. The weighted average effect size across studies was -0.32 (95% CI [-0.56, -0.07], p=.010, $I^2 $=45%) for cortisol concentration, -0.62 (95%CI [-0.96,-0.29], p<.001, $I^2 $=0%) for T lymphocyte (CD3) and -0.45 (95%CI [-0.74, -0.16], p=.003, $I^2 $=0%) for Th lymphocyte (CD4) numbers. Psychosocial interventions were not effective for Tc lymphocyte (CD4), NK cell, monocyte, and cytokine response. Conclusion: Although these results provide only small evidence of successful immune modulation, they support the conclusion that psychosocial interventions can assist cancer patients in reducing emotional distress and improving immune response.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.1837-1860
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• 2020

We propose a general framework for studying resource allocation problem and the tradeoff between spectral efficiency (SE) and energy efficiency (EE) for downlink traffic in power domain-non-orthogonal multiple access (PD-NOMA) and device to device (D2D) based heterogeneous cloud radio access networks (H-CRANs) under imperfect channel state information (CSI). The aim is jointly optimize radio remote head (RRH) selection, spectrum allocation and power control, which is formulated as a multi-objective optimization (MOO) problem that can be solved with weighted Tchebycheff method. We propose a low-complexity algorithm to solve user association, spectrum allocation and power coordination separately. We first compute the CSI for RRHs. Then we study allocating the cell users (CUs) and D2D groups to different subchannels by constructing a bipartite graph and Hungrarian algorithm. To solve the power control and EE-SE tradeoff problems, we decompose the target function into two subproblems. Then, we utilize successive convex program approach to lower the computational complexity. Moreover, we use Lagrangian method and KKT conditions to find the global optimum with low complexity, and get a fast convergence by subgradient method. Numerical simulation results demonstrate that by using PD-NOMA technique and H-CRAN with D2D communications, the system gets good EE-SE tradeoff performance.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제54권10호
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• pp.422-424
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• 2011

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that typically follows an infection or vaccination and has a favorable long-term prognosis. We describe the first reported case of ADEM after vaccination against novel influenza A (H1N1). A previously healthy 34-month-old boy who developed ADEM presented with a seizure and left-sided weakness 5 days after vaccination against novel influenza A (H1N1). Cerebrospinal fluid examination revealed elevated cell counts. T2-weighted images and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images revealed multiple patchy hyperintense lesions in the frontal and parietal subcortical white matter and the left thalamus. After the administration of intravenous corticosteroid, the patient's clinical symptoms improved and he recovered completely without neurologic sequelae.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제58권8호
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• pp.1638-1643
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• 2009

Uroflowmetry is a convenient clinical test to screen the benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) common in the aged men. A load cell is located beneath the urine container to measure the weight of urine. However, it is sensitive to the impact applied on the bottom of the container by the urine stream, which could be a noise source lowering the reliability of the system. With this aim, our study proposed a noise reduction technique by computing ensemble average of the weighted signals that were acquired from three-load cells forming a regular triangle beneath the urine container. Simulated urination experiment was performed with three different collection methods, all of which demonstrated significant noise reduction by ensemble averaging. Furthermore, the best results can be obtained without any special urine collection devices. Thus, our novel method can be usefully applied to uroflowmetry for enhancing measurement in terms of accuracy and reliability.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.319-326
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• 2003

The purposes of this study were to : (a) analyze the menus of food service operations using the menu analysis techniques of Kasavana & Smith, Miller, Merricks & Jones, Pavesic and Uman, (b) closely examine the characteristics of the five analysis techniques. Calculations for the menu analysis were done by computer using the MS 2000 Excel spreadsheet program. Menu mix% and unit contribution margin were used as variables by Kasavana & Smith, sales volume and food cost% by Miller, sales volume and cash contribution by Merrick & Jones, weighted contribution margin and food cost% by Pavesic, and total cash contribution and unit contribution margin by Uman. In each case, a four-cell matrix was created, and menu items were located in each according they achieved high or low scores with respect to two variables. Items that scored favorably on both variables were rated in the top category (e.g., star, prime, signature, group A, winner) and those that scored below average on both were rated in the lowest category (e.g., dog, problem, loser, group D, loser). While the 3 methods of Kasavana & Smith, Miller, Merrick & Jones focus on customers' viewpoints, the others consider the managers' viewpoints. Therefore, it is more likely to be desirable for decision-making on menus if the menu analysis technique chosen is suited to its purpose.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제32권5A호
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• pp.409-416
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• 2007

In cellular orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) networks, co-channel interference (CCI) leads to severe degradation in the BER performance. To solve this problem, maximum-likelihood estimation (MLE) CCI cancellation scheme has been proposed in the literature. MLE CCI cancellation scheme generates weighted replicas of the transmitted signals where weights represent the estimated channel transfer functions. The replica with the smallest Euclidean distance from the received signal is selected and data are detected. When the received power of the desired and interference signals are nearly the same, the BER performance is degraded. In this paper, we propose a closed-loop power control (PC) scheme capable of detecting the equal received power situation at the mobile station (MS) receiver by using the newly introduced parameter power ratio (PR). When this situation is detected, the MS sends a feedback to the desired base station (BS) which boosts the transmission power in the next frame. At cell edge where signal to interferer ratio (SIR) is considered to have average value between -5 dB and 10 dB, computer simulations show that the proposed CCI cancellation scheme has a gain of 7 dB at 28 Km/h.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.77-85
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• 2009

A two-dimensional cross-section analysis program based on the finite element method has been developed for composite blades with arbitrary cross-section profiles and material distributions. The modulus weighted approach is used to take into account the non-homogeneous material characteristics of advanced blades. The CLPT (Classical Lamination Plate Theory) is applied to obtain the effective moduli of the composite laminate. The location of shear center for any given cross-sections are determined according to the Trefftz' definition while the torsion constants are obtained using the St. Venant torsion theory. A series of benchmark examples for beams with various cross-sections are illustrated to show the accuracy of the developed cross-section analysis program. The cross section cases include thin-walled C-channel, I-beam, single-cell box, NACA0012 airfoil, and KARI small-scale blades. Overall, a reasonable correlation is obtained in comparison with experiments or finite element analysis results.

• 한국결정학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.22-27
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• 1991

4-Amino-n(2,6-dimethyl-4-pyrlmidnyl) benzenesulfonamide, Cs2Hl4N402의 단위 세포상수는a=12.626,b=11.262, c=9.375,a=b=r=90°,V=1333,07A3, Dcal=1.390g/cm3, T= 295k, 공간군는 Pca21이고 사방정계이며 Z=4이다. A (Cu-Ke )=1.5418입을 사용한 1068개의 회 절반점에 대한 최종신뢰도 R값은 R=0.040, weighted R값 Rw=0.046이다. 본 화합물은 c축 방향으로 층을 이루고 있는 총상구조이다. 각 층은 H(N2) 와 N(3), H(NIA)과 0(1)간에 강한 수소결합으로 연결되어지고 있다.