• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.615-624
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• 1993

본 연구는 19세부터 23세까지의 한국과 일본 여대생 108명을 대상으로 체격을 비교하고, 나아가 환경인자의 영향으로 인한 신체적 변화를 신체조성으로부터 평가 비교하였다. 그리고 성인병의 발병인자의 하나이기도 한 신체내부지방의 축적량을 검사하여 이것과 관계 깊은 영양상태를 평가 하였으며 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) 한 $cdot$ 일 양국에서 체위측정치의 차이를 볼 수 있는것은 상지장(上肢長), 경위(頸圍), 상완위(上脘位) 및 전완위(前脘位)로써 한국측이 유의하게 크지만 그 외의 측정치는 본 연구에 참여한 여대생에서는 거의 차이가 없었다. 신장에 대한 체중, 흉위(胸圍), 앉은키(座高)의 비교와 로러지수, BMI,체표면적을 양국간에 대부분 동일하여 유익한 차이는 없었다. 2) 피하지방두께 에서는 협골하연(頰骨下緣),대퇴전부(大腿前部), 후부(後部), 배하부(背下部)를 제외하고는 모두 일본측이 큰 수치를 표시하교 있으나 총 피하지방두께와 평균 피하지방에서는 본 연구에 참여한 여대생에서는 거의 차이가 없었다. 체지방총량에는 본 연구에 ㅏ참여한 여대생 사이에서 2.7kg의 차이가 있으며, 피하지방량에 유의한 차이가 없었을 분 체지방총량 신체내부지방량, 체수분량, 체지방률은 모두 일본측이 유의하게 컸다. 3) 1일의 섭취 에너지 총량에서는 한국측이 유의하게 높고, 3대 영양소의 에너지 비율은 단백질에서는 차이가 없고, 지방 에너지의 비율에서는 일본측이, 당질 에너지의 비율에서는 한국측이 유의하게 높은 수치를 표시하고 있었다. 동물 단백질과 지방질의 섭취량은 반대로 일본이 많았다. 4) 1일 소비 에너지 총량에서는 양국간에 거의 차이가 없었고, 생활 내용별 소비 에너지에서는 睡眠時 座位時 立位時의 소비 에너지에는 유의한 차이를 볼 수 없으나 보행(步行)으로 인한 소비에너지량은 일본측이 다소 높게 나타났다.5) 한국에서는 고추와 마늘의 섭취량이 많고 보통 $3.6pm4.99$g/일, $5.8pm7.53$g/일이며, 일본에서는 거의 섭취하지 않았다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.201-216
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• 2017

Objective: This research aimed to understand patients' perceptions of Korean medicine treatment for osteoporosis in a clinical trial setting. Methods: Ten patients participating in a clinical trial of a herbal medicine drug for osteoporosis were invited to an interview. Data were collected by in-depth interviews and patient observations. This qualitative study adopted the case study research method, and within-case and cross-case analyses were conducted. Results: A model of the patients' osteoporosis management planning was derived from the study. The results showed that the patients' perceptions of osteoporosis were derived from their knowledge and experience during diagnosis and treatment of the condition. Two groups of patients were recognized: those who overlooked the importance of osteoporosis and those who recognized the importance of osteoporosis. Before making treatment decisions about osteoporosis, the patients evaluated the treatment options and weighed the advantages and disadvantages of each option. When evaluating their treatment, the patients combined their knowledge and experience of Korean and western medicine treatments. Their experience of participating in the clinical trial influenced the management planning of osteoporosis. Two major reasons for low compliance with osteoporosis treatment were ignorance of the disease and insufficient information provided by doctors. Conclusion: The results of this qualitative study pointed to four strategies that could be employed to improve accessibility to Korean medicine treatment for osteoporosis: the dissemination of comprehensive information on osteoporosis in the clinic and mass media, promotion of Korean medicine therapies for osteoporosis, management of clinical trial participants, and insurance coverage for Korean medicine.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.4591-4597
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• 2016

Purpose: Decisions as to whether to provide adjuvant treatment in older breast cancer patients remains challenging. Side effects of chemotherapy have to be weighed against life expectancy, comorbidities, functional status, and frailty. To aid decision-making, we retrospectively analyzed 110 women with breast cancer treated with a curative intention from 2006 to 2012. Survival data with clinical and pathological parameters were evaluated to address the role of adjuvant chemotherapy in this study population. Method: A total of 110 elderly (>70 years) patients that received mastectomy at two hospitals in Taiwan were observed retrospectively for a medium of 51 months. After mastectomy, patients received conservative treatment or adjuvant chemotherapy, or hormone therapy following clinical guidelines or physician's preference. Data were collected from the cancer registry system. Results: Median age at diagnosis was 75.7 years. Thirty-five percent of patients received adjuvant chemotherapy, these having a significantly younger age ($mean=74.0{\pm}5.3$ vs $77.5{\pm}5.3$, p<0.001) and higher tumor staging (p=0.003) compared with their non-chemotherapy counterparts.Five-year overall survival was non-significantly higher in patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy (with chemotherapy 64.2% vs without chemotherapy 62.6%, p=0.635), while five-year recurrence free survival was non-significantly lower (with chemotherapy 64.1% vs without chemotherapy 90.5%, p=0.80). Conclusions: In this analysis, adjuvant chemotherapy tended to be given to patients with a younger age and higher tumor staging at our institute. It was not associated with any statistically significant improvement in survival and recurrence rate. Until age specific recommendations are available, physicians must use their clinical judgment and assess the tumor biology with the patient's comorbidities to make the best choice. Clinical trials focusing on this critical issue are warranted.

• 한국게임학회 논문지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2015

본 연구의 목적은 성공적인 모바일 소셜네트워크 게임(SNG)을 제작하기 위해 게임의 세부 콘텐츠를 어떤 목적으로 제작해야 하고 어떤 부분에 보다 많이 집중하여 제작해야 하는가에 대한 가이드라인을 제시하는 것이다. 모바일 SNG의 제작목적을 지속적 사용의도의 향상으로 설정하였으며, 선행연구에서 이에 영향을 주는 것으로 실증된 요인들 중 몰입, 사회적 상호작용, 자기효능감, 경쟁, 보상의 요인을 선별하였다. 최종적으로 사회적 상호작용, 자기효능감, 경쟁, 보상에 관련된 사용자 경험의 향상을 모바일 SNG 세부 콘텐츠의 제작목표로 설정하여 연구를 설계하였다. 강원도의 한 대학교에서 모바일 SNG 사용경험이 있는 대학생들을 대상으로 3주간에 걸쳐 설문조사를 수행하였고, 총 244부를 분석대상으로 사용하였다. 분석방법은 SPSS 18.0을 활용한 위계적 회귀분석이었으며, 본 연구의 결과로 자기효능감, 보상, 경쟁, 사회적 상호작용에 관련된 사용자 경험의 향상을 목표로 하는 콘텐츠들이 모두 지속적 사용의도의 향상에 유의미한 영향을 미친다는 것과 그 영향력의 차이를 확인할 수 있었다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.210-230
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• 1995

To compare the wear resistance of four kinds of commercial acrylic resin teeth [SR-Orthosit PosterioresR(Ivoclar Co., Liechtenstein), Endura PosteriorR(Shofu Inc. Japan), trubyte IPN teethR(Dentsply International Inc., York,), Trubyte BiotoneR(dentsply Inermational Inc. Brazil) by means of the toothbrush abrasion method, the artificial resin teeth were embedded in epoxy resin with the occlusal surfaces aligned in one plane for a total of 40 blocks. There after, each lock was mounted in the arm of the toothbrush abrasion machine(K 236, Japan). Wear measurements were made on the three preconditioned states. Those were as follows : no treatment specimens, thermocycled specimens, and thermocycled specimens which were immeresed applied load of 400g during the buring the brushing cycle. At the end of the 30,000-stroke cycle, each specimen was removed, and weighed. The microhardness of four kinds of commercial resin teeth were determined by means of microhardness tester. Microhardness tests were performed on te no treatment specimens, thermocycled specimens, and thermocycled specimens with immersion in the denture cleansing solution. Finally, the comparison of thermal properties were perfomed using differential scanning calorimeter(DSC-1500). The following results were obtained : 1. In the case of no treatment teeth, the wear amount of endura Posterior(EN) was the greatest among the others(p<0.01), and the wear amount of three kinds of artificial resin teeth was increased in the order of Trubyte IPN teeth(IN), Trubyte Biotone(BN), SR-Orthosit Posteriores(SN) but there was no statistic significance(p>0.01). 2. The wear amount of Trubyte IPN teeth(IT) and Trubyte Biotone(BT), was increased due to thermocycling effect, but that of Endura Posteriores(ET) was decreased conversely(p<0.01). 3. Except for the SR-Orthosit Posteriores(STC), the wear amount of three kinds of artificial resing teeth(that is, ETC, ITC, BTC) was increased due to denture cleansing solution$(Cledent^R)$, but there was no statistic significance(p>0.01). But the wear amount of the SR-Orthosit Posteriores(STC) was the greatest among the others(p<0.01). 4. The wear amount of toothbrush was the greatest in case of contact with occlusal surface of SROrthosit Posteriores resin teeth(p<0.01). 5. the microhardness values(KHN) of the SR-Orthosit Posteriores was the highest among the experimental artificial resin teeth(p<0.01). 6. There was no relationship between microhardness valuse(KHN) and wear amount of four kinds of experimental artificial resin teeth(p<0.01). 7. The differential canning calorimetric property of four kinds of artificial resin teeth did not show endothermal or exothermal peak in the range of $100^{\circ}C$

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.703-710
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• 2013

To increase public health awareness for prevention of opisthorchiasis caused by eating raw freshwater fish, the distribution and abundance of Opisthorchis viverrini metacercariae (OV MC) was investigated in freshwater fish obtained from 20 provinces in northeastern Thailand between April 2011 and February 2012. A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 12,890 fish consisting of 13 species randomly caught from 26 rivers, 10 dams, and 38 ponds/lakes. Fish, were collected in each of the rainy and winter seasons from each province. Fish were identified, counted, weighed, and digested using pepsin-HCl. Samples were examined for OV MC by a sedimentation method, and metacercariae were identified under a stereomicroscope. OV MC were found in 6 species of fish; i.e., Cyclocheilichthys armatus, Puntius orphoides, Hampala dispar, Henicorhynchus siamensis, Osteochilus hasselti, and Puntioplites proctozysron from localities in 13 provinces. Among the sites where OV MC-infected fish were found, 70.0% were dams, 23.7% were ponds/lakes, and 7.7% were rivers. The mean intensity of OV MC ranged from 0.01 to 6.5 cysts per fish (or 1.3-287.5 cysts per kg of fish). A high mean intensity of OV MC per fish (>3 cysts) was found in 5 provinces: Amnat Charoen (6.5 cysts), Nakhon Phanom (4.3), Mukdahan (4.1), Khon Kaen, (3.5) and Si Sa Ket (3.4). In conclusion, OV MC are prevalent in natural cyprinid fish, with the infection rate varying according to fish species and habitats.

• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.113-120
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 공장 내부의 설비의 동작의 이상 유무를 저가의 센서를 사용하여 모니터링하고 이를 확인할 수 있도록 하는 시스템을 구현하였다. 저가의 센서들은 저렴한 비용으로 넓은 장소에 다량의 기기들에 설치할 수 있다는 장점을 가지지만 센서의 오작동 및 센서의 정확성 문제로 정확한 감시와 확인이 어려워진다는 단점을 가진다. 따라서 저가의 센서를 사용하게 되면 생산설비에서 발생하는 데이터로부터 이상 값을 구분하여 이상상황에 대한 센서의 오작동인지 또는 설비의 고장인지 여부를 판단하고 이를 알람을 통해 확인할 수 있는 모니터링 시스템이 필수로 구축되어야 한다. 본 연구에서 우리는 저가의 센서들에서 감지된 정상 범위를 벗어나는 데이터 값에서 센서의 오작동과 설비의 고장여부를 구분할 수 있는 시스템을 구현하였으며 이를 위해 우리는 가중이동 평균법과 푸리에 변환 기반 신호 검증 시스템을 혼합한 시스템을 설계 구현하였다. 이를 통해 설비에서 정상범위를 벗어나는 값들이 감지되는 경우 이들을 기기의 이상과 센서의 이상 상황으로 구분할 수 있도록 하였으며 실험결과 전체 이상 신호 값 중에 1/3에 해당하는 부분을 센서의 이상 상황으로 분류 정상처리하고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 우리는 모니터링 시스템의 구축 비용 절감을 위해 정보를 무선통신으로 전송하도록 하였으며 작동 센싱 정보들을 비정형 데이터로 구현 처리하도록 하여 다수의 센서에서 수집된 대규모의 정보들을 효율적으로 처리할 수 있도록 하였다.

• 해양환경안전학회:학술대회논문집
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• 해양환경안전학회 2003년도 추계학술발표회
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• pp.35-44
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• 2003

본 연구는 제주해협의 통항문제를 유엔해양법협약을 기초로 검토하여 제주해협의 국제법상 지위 및 이에 상응하는 통항제도를 구체적으로 제시하고자 한다. 이를 위하여 제주해협의 지리적 특성, 유엔해양법협약상의 통항제도, 제주해협의 통항문제 및 북한상선의 제주해협문제 등을 고찰한다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.15-17
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• 1957

1. Preparation of Titanium tetrachloride; The following precesses were strictly followed as the preliminary step to obtain pure $TiOCl_2$, titanyl chloride; First, pure Titanium Oxide mixed with carbon is rolled into pills. After drying up perfectly, these pills are heated at 900∼1000${\circ}C$. And then the pills are subjected to the flow of $Cl_2$ gas in a quartz tube heated to 900-1000${\circ}C$. Thus Titanium tetrachloride is obtained. 2. Preparation of $TiOCl_2$ ; Yellowish trobrown solution is made by pouring 80 g of conc. HCl (sp.gr. 1.19) to 45 gr of Titanium tetrachloride (approx. 2 times of theoretical amount). Then this solution is kept settled for 5-days in a desiccator filled with phosphorous pentoxide at room temperature. As the colorless amorphous solid thus obtained is washed with aceton, 36.5 g of the pure salt are obtained. 3. Determination of composition. The analysis of the sample taken from the deposit desiccated gives the following data; (A) Qualitative analysis; a) $Ti(OH)_4$ is precipitated by adding NaOH in water solution of the salt. b) Adding $AgNO_3$ solution, the water solution of the salt gives white precipitate of AgCl. c) When acid and $H_2O_2$ are added, the solution turns its color to redish brown (This proves that $TiO^{++}$ was converted into $TiO^{++}$ by oxidation of $H_2O_2$. (B) Quantitative analysis; a) $Ti(OH)_4$ precipitated by $10{\%}$ NaOH isalitatsubjected consecutively to the filtration and ignition in porcelain crucible at approx. 1000${\circ}C$. , then $TiO_2$ thus formed is weighed and calculated into Ti content. b) Chlorine involved in water solution of the salt is determined by Vorhardt method. Result: The values obtained from previous analysis, devied by their atomic weight gives the following composition: Ti : Cl = 1 : 2 Therefore $TiOCl_2$ should be given as its molecular formula. 4. Summary. When $TiCl_4$ is additated into conc. HCl, $TiO^{++}$ formed exists as a stable form, and forms $TiOCl_2$. However $TiOCl_2$ is unstable to heating. When the temperature is raised to $65{\circ}C$the decomposition of the solution is accelerated, and gives $TiO_2$ aq. $TiOCl_2$ in addition is highly hygroscopic.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.445-453
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• 2012

The aim of this paper was to prove that if the risk level in combined tasks was improved through evaluation of postural load of liquid weight measurement process, the workload level and ratio of exposure time would be changed, and the time of process would be seen concurrently. Background: According to results of epidemiological studies conducted by Korea Occupational Safety & Health Agency, 122 musculoskeletal disorders occurred during 1992 to 2008, in which manufacturing industry covers 96(78.7%) of total. However, this is an insufficient level and only occupies 39% based on the South Korea's manufacturing standard industrial classification(246 industries). Method: Firstly, the number of batches weighed on one day(460min) was investigated based on the work performed and Weight measured weekly. VCR recording was taken based on the level of liquid ingredients prescribed for 1batch using the Camcorder. After dividing a 356 sec video into 1 sec using the screen capture function in Gom player, the job classification was performed by analyzing the change of working postures, which revealed 148 working postures. Time measurement was decided by time of the postures was being maintained. Then, the REBA analysis was performed for the working postures. The ratio of Exposure time was calculated based on the measurement time and REBA Score. In addition, the recommendations were designed and implementation was carried out for the working postures with REBA Score higher than 3. Finally, after the intervention, REBA measurement, time measurement, and ratio of exposure time were calculated for the comparison of works before and after improvement. Results: The number of work elements was decreased by 30.4% from 148 to 103 after improvement. The results of time measurement showed that the time was reduced by 46.3% from 356 sec to 191 sec. And the ratio of exposure time was also improved by 52.1% from 0% to 52.1% after improvement. Conclusion: The reduction of time was found to improve the productivity of management. Furthermore, because the reduction of ratio of exposure time and the improvement of workload level are the improvement of discomfort, it would contribute to the improvement of the worker's psychological working posture. Application: These results would contribute to musculoskeletal disease prevention and management performance. Further studies for other industries would be needed based on this case study.