• 지질공학
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.331-344
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• 2009

1990년 이후 우리나라의 자연사면에서 발생한 10개 대규모 산사태지역의 강우조건, 지질특성 및 기하형상에 대한 기존 자료를 재조명하였다. 이들 중 화강암 지역이 5곳, 화강암과 변성암류가 같이 분포하는 지역이 4곳이며, 나머지 1곳은 반려암이 분포한다. 총 3,435개의 산사태 중 1,992개는 화강암 분포지에서, 824개는 변성암 지역에서, 15개는 반려암에서, 그리고 나머지 604개의 산사태는 2개 지역에 부분적으로 분포하는 화산암, 퇴적암 등에서 발생하였다. 연구지역의 산사태는 강우기간 보다는 강우강도에 의하여 좌우되었다. 산사태지역의 강우자료를 Caine과 Olivier의 경험식에 적용하면 모두 Caine의 기준치(threshold)와 Olivier의 산사태반응지수(coefficient of final response)를 초과하여, 모든 지역의 강우조건이 산사태 발생조건을 충족하고 있다. 산사태의 형태와 발생 메카니즘은 기반암의 풍화특성에 따라 차이를 보이고 있다. 화강암 지역은 노두가 거의 없고 풍화심도가 고르게 분포하여 소규모의 슬라이드가 우세하다. 반면 변성암 지역은 지형이 다소 험준하고 노두가 능선과 산록에 발달하여 풍화노두가 토층과 함께 파괴, 유동하는 비교적 큰 규모의 토석류가 우세하다.

• 한국지형학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.57-68
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• 2012

한반도 남서부에 위치한 나주 일대에는 화강암 구릉대가 대표적인 지형경관이며, 대부분은 적색의 풍화층(토양)으로 일반화되어 있다. 나주 구릉대의 적색풍화층을 화학적 풍화지수(CIA)를 통해 분석해본 결과, CaO, $Na_2O$, $K_2O$는 일반적인 화강암 풍화층에 비해 강하게 용탈된 상태이지만, 스페인의 Guadalquivir 분지의 카오리나이트 풍화층과 비교해 볼 때, $K_2O$의 용탈이 아직은 많이 미약한 상태이다. 화학적 풍화강도와 적색화의 상관성 여부를 파악하기 위해 A-CNK-FM 도식을 통해 두 지역을 비교해 본 결과, 화학적 풍화강도가 미약한 나주 구릉대의 적색풍화층이 스페인의 카오리나이트 풍화층보다 더 높은 유색광물의 함량을 보였다. 이를 통해, 풍화층과 같은 소규모 측면에서는 실제적인 화학적 풍화강도와 적색화 사이의 직접적인 상관성을 찾을 수 없었다.

• 한국제4기학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.41-46
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• 2005

This study discusses the soil erosion on hillslopes and sediment deposition in lakes within catchments in South Korea. In order to determine seasonal variations of sedimentation in Yeongcheon and Seondong lakes, the sediment traps were set in the deep part of both lakes and lake sediments have been sampledmonthly from July 2004 to August 2005. Some properties such as highmineral content, fine particle size and high particle density in the Yeongcheon Lake indicate intensive soil erosion, sediment transportation and deposition throughout the catchment for a long time. The high sediment yield in the Seondong Lake is related with higher weathering intensity and extreme soil erosion by running water due to higher seasonal rainfall amount. Rates of erosion and sedimentation in the Seondong Lake are estimated to be higher than those of the Yeongcheon Lake, suggesting that the Seondong Lake is associated with higher precipitation, smaller catchment area, and extreme soil vulnerability to ephemeral erosion by overland flow during the heavy rainfall event. Consequently, both catchments are characterized by different erosion and sedimentation processes, as well as different geomorphic factors (bedrock, soil structure, rainfall intensity and catchment area).

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 1999년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.277-284
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• 1999

This study describes the influence factors related to slope failure pattern and dimension in the southern Kyounggi area. Intrusive and metamorphic rocks are distributed in the study area. Geological condition, rainfall property and slope geometry are influence on slope failure characteristics in the study we& Geological factors related to slope failure are rock type, geological structure and weathering condition. Because of deep soil (RS-CW) depth of granite region, circular failure type is major failure pattern in granite region. Almost granite slopes with circular or surface failure pattern are failed during heavy rainfall season. But typical wedge failure type related to geological structure factor is a main failure pattern of metamorphic rock slope. Additionally failure dimension is influenced by geological factors and several factors, i.e. natural slope condition, failure type, rainfall intensity and etc. failure height/width ratio and thickness/length ratio of granite slope are 0.88 and 0.23. But the ratios of metamorphic rock slope are 1.36 and 0.19.

• 보존과학연구
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• 통권17호
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• pp.39-47
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• 1996

In this research, many effects were examined by testing of adhesive intensity and accelerated weathering with synthetic resins for the conservation treatment of cracks and damaged parts of Kyound Chun-Sa10-story Pagodas, the National Treasure No. 86.It was tested with two kinds of Epoxy resins, Acrylic, Silicone resin, and five kinds of Acetics vinyl resins, and then which was ensured a successful result with Epoxy resins. According to these consequences, they are determined to treat damaged parts with Epoxy resin.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.61-64
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• 2000

FT-IR/ATR analysis shows that the oriental lacquer coating network degrades mostly in the unsaturated side chain. The rate of increase in carbonyl intensity (a measure of photodegradation) during the accelerated weathering test was substantially different for the unstabilized and stabilized samples; adding 2 wt% HALS into the oriental lacquer formulation enhanced photostabilization up to three times. Weight loss measurements, another indication of photodegradation, and SEM analysis support this conclusion. Despite the presence of the photo-stabilizer, the other properties of the lacquer were not significantly affected. In particular, the curing behavior of purified lacquer (PL) and HALS-stabilized samples is similar, although the in-situ DETA analysis showed that addition of HALS can slightly retard the cure reaction rate in oriental lacquer coating. It is hypothesized that this cure retardation may be related to the salt formation between HALS and acid of oriental lacquer.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.284-289
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• 2014

Farmers in highlands in South Korea pile up 20 to 30 cm of saprolites, mostly granite- or granite-gneiss-weathered materials, on surface of arable lands every three to five years to compensate eroded soil and sometimes to discontinue soil-borne diseases. Immediate increases of infiltration and percolation rates are expected with coarse textured saprolites while soil drainage becomes poorer in a long-term. In this study, we analyzed mineralogical characteristics and micro-morphology of plow pan to investigate processes making impermeable layers. Soil samples were collected from plow pan, usually located at approximately 20 cm soil depth and at the lower part of piled saprolites, in arable lands in Hoenggye 5-ri, Daekwanryeong-myeon, Gangwon-do (N37.7, E128.7) in which saprolites were added 2, 4, and 8 years ago; saprolites were transported from similar areas. The saturated hydraulic conductivity decreased over time. Based on soil thin section pedography, quartz and feldspar accounted for a majority of minerals. The size of feldspar decreased and macropores became filled with clay or silt particles over time, which implies that macropores were packed with particles weathered from feldspar. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated that intensity of feldspar decreased over time and the reverse was true for kaolinite and illite, indicating that feldspar and mica weathering induced formation of kaolinite and illite. Conclusively, deteriorated drainage by formation of impermeable layers in farms with piled saprolites was caused by accumulation of clay minerals such as kaolinite and illite in macropores; illite and kaolinite can be formed by weathering of mica and feldspar, respectively.

• 박물관보존과학
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• 제4권
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• pp.71-78
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• 2003

성덕대왕신종 당목의 수종과 오랜 세월동안 외부적인 요인(태양빛, 수분, 온도, 공기)에 의한 열화를 조사하였다. 당목의 수종은 느티나무(느릅나무과, Zelkova serrata)로 밝혀졌다. 열화로 인한 변화를 육안으로 관찰하였을 때 표면변색, 할렬, 목재면의 거칠어짐이 나타났다. 미세형태학적인 변화는 열화형태에 따라 세 부분(I, II, III-spot)으로 나누어 관찰하였다. I-spot에는 재색으로 변색됨과 동시에 조직의 관찰이 불가능할 정도로 먼지층이 완전히 조직을 뒤덮고 있었다. 그와 달리 변색이 되었지만 조직의 관찰이 가능한 II-spot는 무수한 균사와 세포내강에 유입된 먼지 등의 오염물이 관찰되었다. 세포벽은 열화로 인해 물리적인 강도를 소실하여 약화되어 있으며 그로 인해 세포벽의 미세한 할렬과 찢김 등을 관찰할 수 있었다. 균사가 세포를 뒤덮고 있지만 그로 인한 목재 부후는 관찰되지 않았다. 표면에서 불과 0.5 mm 아래의 III-spot는 목재의 고유한 적갈색을 유지하고 있으며 세포벽은 건전재와 유사하였다. 이상의 변화들은 목재부후와는 구별되었으며 표면에서 불과 0.5 mm 이하의 지극히 표면적인 현상이라고 할 수 있다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.72-81
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• 2022

Numerous studies have investigated the occurrence and fate of microplastics in the environment; however, only limited effort has been devoted to exploring the characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) leached from microplastics. In microplastic (MP)-contaminated environment, MPs are typically mixed with naturally-occurring particles, which interferes with their detection in the environment. Thus, it is necessary to distinguish between the DOM leached from MPs and those leached from natural particles and also to characterize their properties. This study investigated DOM leaching behavior from MPs (polystyrene: PS, polyvinylchloride: PVC) and natural particulates (forest soil: FS, litter leaves: LL) under light, which is considered one of the main weathering processes that affect MPs in the environment. The leached DOM concentrations and fluorescence characteristics were compared under dark versus light conditions. Regardless of the origins, UV light promoted DOM release from all the particulates. More DOM was released from natural particles than from MPs under both conditions. However, the effect of promoting DOM release by UV was more pronounced for MPs than for natural particles. It was observed from fluorescence spectra that the intensity of the humic-like region was substantially reduced when MP-derived DOM was exposed to UV light, whereas the change of intensity was very little for natural particles. Under light conditions, the ratio of protein-like to humic-like fluorescence of MP-derived DOM was higher than that of DOM from natural particles. This study implies that a substantial amount of DOM could be leached from MPs even in MP-polluted environment under UV irradiation. Protein/humic fluorescence ratio could be utilized as a fast probing indicator to separate the two sources of particles under light.

• 한국지형학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.47-64
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• 2020

The Baengnyeongdo-island, located at the northernmost point of the west coast, has developed several coastal landforms. Although the coastal landforms of Baengnyeongdo-island are widely used as a tourism resource, a lot of academic research has not been conducted. In this study, particle size analysis, XRF, and OSL age dating were performed on the BR sandy deposits to find out the formation of coastal sand dunes on Baengnyeongdo-island. Based on the physicochemical properties, the BR section was divided into three parts; BR-A, BR-B and BR-C. First, about 56ka, which corresponds to the MIS 3, fine sand was deposited and forms the BR-C section. Second, the BR-B which located middle part of BR section, showed reversed age stratigraphy. The BR-B was interpreted as reworked sediments based on sedimentary facies and chemical weathering intensity. And, the BR-A composed of fine and medium sands was formed in middle Holocene. This research has significance in that it finds out the paleo sand dunes formed in Pleistocene. This study can contribute to understanding coastal sand dune development on the west coast.