• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.421-429
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• 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of personalized complex aerobic training programs using wearable device on cardiovascular and respiratory functions in community based female elderly. Design: One group pre-post intervention study. Methods: Twenty-one older female participants lived in 'D' city were included. The personalized complex aerobic training program using wearable devices was applied to all participants for 4 weeks, 3 times a week, 30 minutes for per session. The participants' blood pressure, heart rate, oxygen saturation, respiration rate, submaximal exercise stress test, pulmonary function test and respiratory muscle strength test were evaluated before and after the complex training program. Results: After intervention, resting diastolic blood pressure, resting systolic blood pressure and the systolic blood pressure after submaximal exercise stress test were significantly decreased over time (p<0.05), and the submaximal exercise stress test duration were significantly increased over time (p<0.05). The maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) was significantly increased compare to before the intervention (p<0.05). Conclusions: This study showed that personalized complex training program using wearable device can provide personalized exercise intensity according to cardiopulmonary function that give feedback, and these interventions have a significant effect on improving the cardiovascular and respiratory system functions of the female elderly in the community dwelling.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.702-712
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• 2016

A wrist watch type wearable cardiovascular monitoring device is proposed for continuous and convenient monitoring of the patient's cardiovascular system. For comprehensive monitoring of the patient's cardiovascular system, the concurrent electrocardiogram (ECG) and arterial pulse wave (APW) sensor front-end are fabricated in $0.18{\mu}m$ CMOS technology. The ECG sensor frontend achieves 84.6-dB CMRR and $2.3-{\mu}Vrms$-input referred noise with $30-{\mu}W$ power consumption. The APW sensor front-end achieves $3.2-V/{\Omega}$ sensitivity with accurate bio-impedance measurement lesser than 1% error, consuming only $984-{\mu}W$. The ECG and APW sensor front-end is combined with power management unit, micro controller unit (MCU), display and Bluetooth transceiver so that concurrently measured ECG and APW can be transmitted into smartphone, showing patient's cardiovascular state in real time. In order to verify operation of the cardiovascular monitoring system, cardiovascular indicator is extracted from the healthy volunteer. As a result, 5.74 m/second-pulse wave velocity (PWV), 79.1 beats/minute-heart rate (HR) and positive slope of b-d peak-accelerated arterial pulse wave (AAPW) are achieved, showing the volunteer's healthy cardiovascular state.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.108-125
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the technical pattern and product characteristics of outdoor sportswear marketed in Northern Europe and North America. Based on the results of this study, we wanted to provide practical data on the characteristics of products with high functionality and fashionability for developing outdoor sportswear. Therefore, in this study, technical pattern, textiles, details, sewing, compatibility with wearable devices, and certification of 33 marketed outdoor sportswear were analyzed. After analyzing various technical patterns, the bent arm pattern using two-piece panel and a raised arm pattern connecting the side seam with the inner seam of the sleeve appeared on the top. Additionally, the patterns of bent legs with darts in the knee, cutting the posterior, and inserting the gusset in the crotch were mainly seen in the bottoms. By analyzing product characteristics, ergonomic pattern design for easy activity and functional materials was used for climate adaptation in extreme outdoor wear. On the other hand, for outdoor wear meant for trekking or hiking, details, such as portability and easy storage, were considered. Eco-friendly materials were used while ensuring light weight and comfort. Furthermore, for convenience of life, safety, and health, wearable devices were integrated into the outdoor sportswear. Eco-friendly green certification of outdoor products was obtained for the labor environment and production process, and relevant information was provided to consumers.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.37 no.10
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• pp.1219-1227
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• 2013

A new type of wearable robot is developed for a disabled person with disabled limbs, that is, a person who cannot intentionally move his/her legs and arms. This robot can enable the disabled person to grip an object using eye movements. A gaze tracking algorithm is employed to detect pupil movements by which the person observes the object to be gripped. By using this gaze tracking 2D information, the object is identified and the distance to the object is measured using a Kinect device installed on the robot shoulder. By using several coordinate transformations and a matching scheme, the final 3D information about the object from the base frame can be clearly identified, and the final position data is transmitted to the DSP-controlled robot controller, which enables the target object to be gripped successfully.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.607-612
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• 2021

This paper presents a novel CPW-fed UWB monopole paper antenna made by paper and copper tape. Through the simulation, the optimized antenna design parameters were obtained, and an antenna having an omni-directional radiation pattern and a gain of 2.2 dBi or more in the UWB frequency band of 3.1-10.6 GHz was designed. The antenna was manufactured using general A4 paper and copper tape, and the measurement result satisfies the return loss of -10dB or less in the UWB frequency band and confirm that the return loss characteristic was maintained even when the antenna plane was bent by 3 mm in the longitudinal direction. The proposed antenna is a wearable device that can provide services in the UWB band, and can be manufactured inexpensively by printing it with a conductive print on paper. So it can be used as a wearable antenna for UWB communication in various application fields such as logistics and disposable terminals.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.152-162
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• 2024

Objective: This study was conducted to analyze the effect of wearable Electromyography-controlled functional electrical stimulation (EMG-controlled FES) System on Gait Function and cardiopulmonary metabolic efficiency during walking in older adults. Design: Cross-section study Methods: Total 22 older adult participants suitable to selection criteria of this study participated in this study. The EMG-controlled FES System, which functions as a wearable physical activity assist FES system was used. All participations performed randomly assigned two conditions (Non-FES assist [NFA], FES assist [FA]) of walking. In all conditions, spatio-temporal parameters and kinematics and kinetics parameters during walking was collected via 3D motion capture system and 6 minutes walking test (6MWT) and metabolic cost during walking and stairs climbing was collected via a portable metabolic device (COSMED K5, COSMED Srl, Roma, Italy). Results: In Spatio-temporal parameters aspects, The EMG-controlled FES system significantly improved gait functions measurements of older adults with sarcopenia at walking in comparison to the NFA condition (P<0.05). Hip, knee and ankle joint range of motion increased at walking in FA condition compared to the NFA condition (P<0.05). In the FA condition, moment and ground reaction force was changed like normal gait during walking of older adults in comparison to the NFA condition (P<0.05). The EMG-controlled FES system significantly reduced net cardiopulmonary metabolic energy cost, net energy expenditure measurement at stairs climbing (P<0.05). Conclusions: This study demonstrated that EMG-controlled FES is a potentially useful gait-assist system for improving gait function by making joint range of motion and moment properly.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.186-191
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• 2018

Smart textile industries have been precipitously developed and extended to electronic textiles and wearable devices in recent years. In particular, owing to an increasingly aging society, the elderly healthcare field has been highlighted in the smart device industries, and pressure sensors can be utilized in various elderly healthcare products such as flooring, mattress, and vital-sign measuring devices. Furthermore, elderly healthcare products need to be more lightweight and flexible. To fulfill those needs, textile-based pressure sensors is considered to be an attractive solution. In this research, to apply a textile to the second layer using a pressure sensing device, a novel type of conductive textile was fabricated using vapor phase polymerization of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT). Vapor phase polymerization is suitable for preparing the conductive textile because the reaction can be controlled simply under various conditions and does not need high-temperature processing. The morphology of the obtained PEDOT-conductive textile was observed through the Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM). Moreover, the resistance was measured using an ohmmeter and was confirmed to be adjustable to various resistance ranges depending on the concentration of the oxidant solution and polymerization conditions. A 3-layer 81-point multi-pressure sensor was fabricated using the PEDOT-conductive textile prepared herein. A 3D-viewer program was developed to evaluate the sensitivity and multi-pressure recognition of the textile-based multi-pressure sensor. Finally, we confirmed the possibility that PEDOT-conductive textiles could be utilized by pressure sensors.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.18D no.2
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• pp.143-148
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• 2011

In this paper developed a wearable activity device and algorithm which can be converted into the real-time activity and monitoring by acquiring sensor row data to be occurred when a person is walking by using a tri-axial accelerometer. Test was proceeded at various step speeds such as slow walking, walking, fast walking, slow running, running and fast running, etc. for 36 minutes in accordance with the test protocol after wearing a metabolic test system(K4B2), Actical and the device developed in this study at the treadmill with 59 participants of subjects as its target. To measure the activity of human body, a regression equation estimating the Energy Expenditure(EE) was drawn by using data output from the accelerometer and information on subjects. As a result of experiment, the recognition rate of algorithm being proposed was shown the activity conversion algorithm was enhanced by 1.61% better than the performance of Actical.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2007.07a
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• pp.1791-1792
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 착용 가능한 모션 캡쳐 시스템을 설계하고 구현한다. 이 장치는 사람의 두 관절의 움직임을 각도로 표현하도록 디자인 되었다. 이를 위해 flex sensor를 사용했으며 센서의 히스테리시스를 확인하고 3차 다항식을 사용하여 근사적인 모델을 만들었다. 이 모델을 통해서 센서에서 가져온 전압을 각도로 표현하였으며 이 각도로 손목과 팔꿈치의 움직임을 시뮬레이션 했다. 시뮬레이션의 결과를 바탕으로 인간형 로봇과 통신을 통해서 움직임을 확인하였다.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.02a
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• pp.62-67
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• 2009

Many interaction methods for augmented reality has attempted to reduce difficulties in tracking of interaction subjects by either allowing a limited set of three dimensional input or relying on auxiliary devices such as data gloves and paddles with fiducial markers. We propose Spatial Interaction (SPINT), a noncontact passive method that observes an occupancy state of the spaces around target virtual objects for interpreting user input. A depth-sensing camera is introduced for constructing the virtual space sensors, and then manipulating the augmented space for interaction. The proposed method does not require any wearable device for tracking user input, and allow versatile interaction types. The depth perception anomaly caused by an incorrect occlusion between real and virtual objects is also minimized for more precise interaction. The exhibits of dynamic contents such as Miniature AR System (MINARS) could benefit from this fluid 3D user interface.