• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.147-154
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• 2024

The continuous increase in urban population due to migration of mases from rural areas to big cities has set urban water supply under serious stress. Urban water resources face scarcity of available water quantity, which ultimately effects the water supply. It is high time to address this challenging problem by taking appropriate measures for the improvement of water utility services linked with better understanding of demand side management (DSM), which leads to an effective state of water supply governance. We propose a dynamic framework for preventive DSM that results in optimization of water resource management. This paper uses Agent Based Modeling (ABM) with Digital Twin (DT) to model water consumption behavior of a population and consequently forecast water demand. DT creates a digital clone of the system using physical model, sensors, and data analytics to integrate multi-physical quantities. By doing so, the proposed model replicates the physical settings to perform the remote monitoring and controlling jobs on the digital format, whilst offering support in decision making to the relevant authorities.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.83-94
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• 1992

Recently water demand is increasing as the industry prospers. The increase of water demand is followed by the increase of wastewater discharge which pollutes rivers and ground water extensively. These rivers, reservoirs and ground water are sources for drinking water and their contamination affects the quality of water supply and other potable water. In Korea there are 776 water treatment plants which supply drinking water from main rivers or reservoirs. Rivers are the biggest water source for drinking water is being contaminated, the innovation of treatment process is needed. The construction and operation of water supply facilities is under the control of the Ministry of Construction and the water supply offices of cities and provinces. However, drinking water quality is under the control of the bureau of sanitation in the Ministry of Health and Social Affairs. There are 33 items in drinking water quality standards of Korea. Trihalomethanes, Selenium, Diazinone and other three of pesticides have been included lately, The Ministry of Health and Social Affairs is planning to enhance. the level of $VOC_S$(Vola-tile Organic Compounds) standard. Drinking water quality standard is the goal to protect the quality of supply water and ground water. In order to protect the source water from domestic or industrial water, technological improvement and adequate investment should be urgently made. The ultimate goal of drinking water quality is safety and health of consumers. The more stringent the standard are, the better the water quality will be. As the drinking water quality standards become more stringent this year, various and positive solutions by the authorities concerned must be prepared.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제15권10호
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• pp.1056-1061
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• 2009

This paper proposes a short-term water demand forecasting algorithm based on kalman filtering with data mining for sustainable water supply and effective energy saving. The proposed algorithm utilizes a mining method of water supply data and a decision tree method with special days like Chuseok. And the parameters of MLAR (Multi Linear Auto Regression) model are estimated by Kalman filtering algorithm. Thus, we can achieve the practicality of the proposed forecasting algorithm through the good results applied to actual operation data.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2020년도 학술발표회
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• pp.116-116
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• 2020

Gilgit-Baltistan (GB) is a highly mountainous and remote region covering 45% of Upper Indus Basin (UIB) with around 1.8 million population is vulnerable to climate change and socio-economic growth makes water resources management and planning more complex. To understand the water scarcity in the region this study is carried out to project water supply and demand for agricultural and domestic sector under various climate-socio-economic scenarios in five sub catchments of GB i.e., Astore, Gilgit, Hunza, Shigar and Shyok for a period of 2015 to 2050 using Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) model. For climate change scenario ensembled mean of three global climate models (GCMs) was used under three different Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios (RCP2.6, RCP6.0 and RCP8.5). The Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) and agricultural Land Development (LD) scenarios were combined with climate scenarios to develop climate-socio-economic scenario. Our results indicate that the climate change and socio-economic growth would create a gap between supply and demand of water in the region, with socio-economic growth (e.g. agricultural and population) as dominant external factor that would reduce food production and increase poverty level in the region. Among five catchments only Astore and Gilgit will face shortfall of water while Shyoke would face shortfall of water only under agricultural growth scenarios. We also observed that the shortfall of water in response to climate-socio-economic scenarios is totally different over two water deficient catchments due to its demography and geography. Finally, to help policy makers in developing regional water resources and management policies we classified five sub catchments of UIB according to its water deficiency level.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제55권6호
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• pp.77-85
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• 2013

The efficient operation and management strategies of reservoirs in irrigation periods of drought events are an essential element for drought planning and countermeasure. Korea Rural Community Corporation has developed the real-time water level observation system of agricultural reservoirs to efficiently operate reservoirs, however, it is not possible to predict drought conditions, and only provides information of current situation. Hence, it is necessary to evaluate accurate irrigation vulnerability and efficiently reservoir operation rules using current water level. In this paper, the improvement methods of reservoir operation planning were developed with water supply vulnerability characteristic curves comparing to automatic water gauge at agricultural reservoirs. The 11 reservoirs were simulated applying the reservoir operation rules which was determined by irrigation vulnerability characteristic curves criteria and real time water level, and evaluated water supply situation in 2012 year. The analysis of results can be identified probabilistic possibility of water supply failures compared with the existing reservoir operation criteria. These results of efficient reservoir operation rules can be achieved enable irrigation planners to optimally manage available water resources for decision making, and contributed to maintain the water supply according to demand strategy for agricultural reservoirs management.

• 물과 미래
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.63-69
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• 1981

본 연구는 용수 공급시설의 최적건설순서 및 최적건설년을 시간-용수수요의 관계로부터 결정함에 있어서 동적 계획법에 의한 해석으로부터 동적 계획법의 수질원분야에 대한 응용가능성을 살펴보며 그 적용을 보이고자 하였다. 분석에 있어서 대구시의 상수도확충계획 자료 중 건설가능 Projects를 채택하였으며 용수추정방법을 지수함수식, 대구시추정치 및 두 방법의 평균치의 3가지 방법으로 하여 동적 계획모델에 적용시켰으며 그 결과 수요곡선의 변화가 optimal sequence에 변화를 가져왔고 대체적으로 D-E-G-F-C-B-A의 순으로 향후 33-38년 기간 내에 건설되어야 함을 발견하였다. 그리고 이자율의 변동은 present value cost에만 영향이 있었으며 동적 계획모델에 의한 용수공급시설의 최적화가 타당함을 보여주었다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2013

Drought risk assessment is usually performed qualitatively and quantitatively depending on the definition a drought. The meteorological drought indices have a limit of not being able to consider the hydrological components such as evapotranspiration, soil moisture and runoff, because it does not consider the water demand in paddies and water supply in reservoirs. Agricultural drought was defined as the reservoir storage shortage state that cannot satisfy water requirement from the paddy fields. The objectives of this study were to suggest improved agricultural drought risk assessment in order to evaluate of regional drought vulnerability and severity studied by using Reservoir Drought Index (RDI). The RDI is designed to simulate daily water balance between available water from agricultural reservoir and water requirement in paddies and is calculated with a frequency analysis of monthly water deficit based on water demand and water supply condition. The results indicated that RDI can be used to assess regional drought risk in agricultural perspective by comparing with the historical records of drought in 2012. It can be concluded that the RDI obtained good performance to reflect the historical drought events for both spatially and temporally. In addition, RDI is expected to contribute to determine the exact situation on the current drought condition for evaluating regional drought risk and to assist the effective drought-related decision making.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.57-67
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• 2009

Under the supply-oriented policy, efficiency and rationale have not been fully considered in planning of water supply facilities in Korea. As a case, this study shows that large-size systems are suffering from overcapacity problem of water treatment plants, and thus discusses what options should be applied to deal with inefficiency. Water demand of large-size systems has suddenly decreased for the last 10 years while water demand has been often assumed to increase at a regular rate in planning of plants according to excess capacity hypothesis. This inconsistency led to a serious overcapacity. In 2006, total excess capacity of nine large-size systems was more than 1.2 times as large as maximum daily demand of total customers in Seoul. However, their options are expected to stay ex post facto. To prepare the risk of overcapacity, and draw large benefits out of the plants, the authors and other professionals in Korea should further discuss the more adaptive method for prediction of water demand, and systems integration between a large-size system and adjoining systems.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 1998년도 학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.279-286
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• 1998

The south-western part of Korea is situated in an unbalance of water supply and demand relating to the Keum, Mankyung, Dongjin and Youngsan River and their estuary reservoirs. For example, the Keum River estuary reservoir is discharging the larger amount of yearly runoff into the sea due to the small storage capacity, while Saemankeum estuary reservoir which is under construction, has the smaller runoff amount comparing with its storage capacity, And the downstream area of the Youngsan River, such as Youngkwang, Youngam are deficient in water due in larger demand and smaller supply. In order to solve the above unbalanced water supply and demand and also to improve the water use efficiency, the Hierarchical Operation Model for Multi-reservoir System(HOMMS) has been developed and applied to analyze the multi-reservoir operation assuming that the above reservoirs were linked each other. The result of this study shows that 2,148MCM of annual additional water requirement for agricultural and rural water demands are required in this region at 2011 of target year, and these demands can be resolved by diverting and reusing 1,913MCM of the released water from the estuary reservoirs into the sea.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.76-85
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• 1978

This survey was undertaken for the period seven month beginning January 15, 1977 and ending July 31, 1977 to detect the general sanitary status of the villages and the villagers and, at the same time, analyse quality of water sources with emphasis on a total of 1,256 households dividing into three different groups: such as, 280 households were selected as random samples from the area of the sophisticated piped water supply system, 122 households from the area of the simplified water supply system and finally 854 households from the area of nonpi-ped water supply system. The following results were concluded after quality of water sources had been analysed and conditions of the environmental sanitation had been reviewed: 1. 11.2% of the respondents from the area of the sophisticated piped water supply system responded that quantity of drinking water lacked to meet their demand while 30.6% of the villagers from the area of nonpi-ped water supply system responded quantity of drinking water didn't meet their demand. 2. 30.8% of the.respondents from the area of the sophisticated water supply system responded that contaminating source located within 15 meters from the water source while 54.4% of the respondents from the non-piped water supply system claimed the same. 3. It was found that water from all sampling areas were positive in coliform group with exception of Moonsan which is one of the sophisticated piped water supply system groups and the number of general bacteria exceeded the government standard criteria of water quality in the area of the nonpi-ped water supply system. 4. In relation with time requirement to draw water in the area of non-piped water supply system, 76 respondents claimed it requires less than 15 minutes to draw water, 15.0% claimed 15 to 30 minutes and 9.0% claimed more than 30 minutes. 5. In relation with knowledge on sanitation of drinking water, 30.8% of respondents from the area of the sophisticated piped water supply system and 41.8% of respondents from the area of nonpiped water supply system denied possible existence of germ in drinking water they drink, while 17.4% of the respondents from the area of the sophisticated water supply system and 50.2% of non-peped water supply system thought it safe to drink water without any treatment. 6. 60.0% of the respondents from the area of non-piped water supply system and many of them believed that their health status will be improved by installation of a sophisticated water supply system in their area. 7. The respondents from the areas of piped water supply sytem expressed greater concern over drinking water sanitation than those from the areas of non-piped water supply system and sanitary conditions were found the same. It was, therefore, proved that knowledge of environmnntal sanitation contributed a great deal to improve sanitary conditions of the villages and villagers and at the same time health education, especially environmental sanitation, will be played a important role to improve their sanitary conditions.