• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.591-597
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• 2013

The input emergy of an advanced treatment plant for reducing the 1 kg of TN and TP was estimated 4.14E+14 sej/kg, 5.02E+15 sej/kg, respectively. In addition, the input emergy of constructed wetland for reduction of the 1 kg of TN and TP reduction was estimated to be 2.48E+14 sej/kg, 3.38E+15 sej/kg, respectively. The cost reducing 1 kg of TN and TP for an advanced treatment plant was estimated 197,466 won and 2,388,739 won respectively and constructed wetland was estimated 117,976 won and 1,609,213 won respectively. As a result, All of the emergy source of constructed wetland for reducing non-point source is renewable resource. If we use the constructed wetland, it results in enhancing economic value by reducing of non-point pollution, controlling a flood and providing the habitat of animals or plants. Improving water quality program in the Nakdong River Basin should be changed into an ecological treatment facilities from expansion of the sewage treatment facilities and advanced treatment plant using high cost and non-renewable energies.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.182-182
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• 2017

Many small island nations rely on groundwater as their only other source of freshwater in addition to rainwater harvesting. The volume of groundwater resource of small island nations are further limited by their smaller surface area and specific hydrogeology. The rapid growth of population and tourism has led to increasing water demands and pollution of available groundwater resources. The predicted climate change effects pose significant threats to the already vulnerable freshwater lens of small islands in the form of rise in sea level, coastal inundation, saltwater intrusion, varied pattern of precipitation leading to droughts and storm surges. The effects of climate change are further aggravated by manmade stresses like increased pumping. Thus small island water resources are highly threatened under the effects of climate change. But due to the limited technical and financial capacity most of the small island developing states were unable to conduct detailed technical investigations on the effects of climate change on their water resources. In this study, we investigate how well small island countries are preparing for climate change. The current state of freshwater resources, impacts of predicted climate change along with adaptation and management strategies planned and implemented by small island countries are reviewed. Proper assessment and management practices can aid in sustaining the groundwater resources of small islands under climate change.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.219-227
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• 2012

Daily solar radiation is essential for water resources planning and environmental impact assessment. However, radiation data is not commonly available in Korea other than in big cities, and there has been no direct measurement for rural areas where water resources planning and environmental impact assessment is usually most needed. In general, missing radiation data is estimated from nearby regional stations within a certain distance, and this study compared two dominant methods (modified Angstrom equation and transmittance interpolation method) at six stations in Nakdong River watershed area. Two methods shows a similar level of accuracy but the transmittance interpolation method is likely to be superior in that there is no need for any measurement element since the modified Angstrom equation require the sunshine hour measurement. This study will contribute to improve water resource and water quality management in Nakdong River watershed.

• Water for future
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• v.52 no.8
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• pp.28-33
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• 2019

This study is presented to estimate groundwater recharge in Sukhuma District of Southern Laos. The groundwater recharge is estimated by using the water table fluctuation method from observation groundwater levels at eleven domestic wells and five paired observation wells (shallow and deep). The results show that a value of specific yield for the shallow fractured sandstone aquifer in the Sukhuma District is quantified at approximately 0.03, Groundwater recharge for 2012-13 and 2015-16 is estimated at 5% (118 mm) and 4% (95 mm) of annual rainfall. respectively. The results of the current study provide useful basic information for future groundwater resource management planning in Sukhuma District. The methods applied in this study may be also useful for studying the groundwater recharge in regions with limited field data.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.9-16
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• 2009

According to the construction of infrastructure for the water resource management services, the importance of the eco-friendly reservoir tank management is being spotlighted. In this paper, we proposed the eco-friendly reservoir tank management using prediction for improving the water quality and on-line managing efforts of reservoir tanks. The proposed method defined the context and environment of the reservoir tank and predicted the profited service according to the pump motion, the solar battery, the chemicals, the water level, the telephone line, and the modem using collaborative filtering. To evaluate the performance of the eco-friendly reservoir tank management system using prediction, we conducted sample T-tests so as to verify usefulness. This evaluation found that the difference of satisfaction by service was statistically meaningful, and showed high satisfaction. Accordingly, the satisfaction and the quality of services will be improved the efficient prediction by supporting the context information as well as the environment information.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.94-101
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• 2003

Used motor oil contains pollutants, including organic chemicals and meta]s. When disposed of improperly - in the trash, on the ground or in a sewer system - the pollutants may reach rivers, lakes or the ground water. Thus, all the waste oil products such as waste motor oil, waste oil container, and waste oil filter should be collected and transported for recycling or disposal by waste oil regulations. Because waste oil container is a valuable resource, waste oil containers can be reused, cleaned, buried, and burned for recycling processes. This paper presents the integrated management system that may increase the efficiency and productivity for collecting and reprocessing waste oil containers such as steel can and plastic container. The integrated management system consists of collection and transportation process management system and confirmation and certification process management system for waste oil containers.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.183-183
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• 2023

Smart water cities (SWC) are urban municipalities that utilizes modern innovations in managing and preserving the urban water cycle in the city; with the purpose of securing sustainability and improving the quality of life of the urban population. Understanding the different urban water characteristics and management strategies of cities situate a baseline in the development of evaluation scheme in determining whether the city is smart and sustainable. This research herein aims to develop measurements and evaluation for SWC Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), and set up a unified global standard and certification scheme. The assessment for SWC is performed in technical, as well as governance and prospective aspects. KPI measurements under Technical Pillar assess the cities' use of technologies in providing sufficient water supply, monitoring water quality, strengthening disaster resilience, minimizing hazard vulnerability, and maintaining and protecting the urban water ecosystem. Governance and Prospective Pillar on the other hand, evaluates the social, economic and administrative systems set in place to manage the water resources, delivering water services to different levels of society. The performance assessment is composed of a variety of procedures performed in a quantitative and qualitative manner, such as computations through established equations, interviews with authorities in charge, field survey inspections, etc. The developed SWC KPI measurements are used to evaluate the urban water management practices for Busan Eco Delta city, a Semulmeori waterfront area in Gangseo district, Busan. The evaluation and scoring process was presented and established, serving as the basis for the application of the smart water city certification all over the world. The established guideline will be used to analyze future cities, providing integrated and comprehensive information on the status of their urban water cycle, gathering new techniques and proposing solutions for smarter measures.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.89 no.2
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• pp.145-160
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• 2000

This study is focused to the national park of Korean typical Sea Hally$\check{o}$ Haesang, and its visual resources and practiced inspect course by the way of suppositions and tests, to show the visual resource management objectively, and that of qualitative basic data. Accordingly by measuring the physical amount spatial structure with the visual amount originated from the Mesh Analyzing Method and the Visual Preference from the Scenic Beauty Estimation(S.B.E.) method and analyzed the valuation of the visual resource by Iverson method. Spatial image structure measured by Semantic Differential(S.D.) Scale was shown through the factor analysis algorithm for the analyzing psychological amount and examined the flowing out of decisive factor and the objective importance related to the mutual factors by appling the measurement of the visual quality. As a national Park, the visual factors that have natural landscape harmonized with forest, sky, surface of the water, curious stones and rocks, and temples should be escalated their values affirmatively so as to be the scenery of pointed direction and enjoyable, and it is of more needed for visual resource and its' controlling technique to make artificial structures more intentional planning and systemical setting. When we are viewing the improvement for the national park along with the visual resource management, reasonable level of development is needed, because when men interference surpass plantations and leasts will be damaged and the quality of natural landscape can be lowered, so it is needed to set up a management end, tangibly or clearly; and it is permitted limit coming and going ablably by accounting the suitable number for availing. But the controling end should be set in every level, positive management, very actively within the permissive varcability. It is the main business for the national park to prevent the damage from human for their gay life or to prevent the damage of a land carpet, and to restorate for the visual resource management.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2004.05b
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• pp.1167-1172
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• 2004

Recently, runoff characteristics of urban area are changing because of the increase of impervious area by rapid increasing of population and industrialization, urbanization. It needs to extract the accurate topological and hydrological parameters of watersheds in order to manage water resource efficiently. In this paper, rainfall-runoff analysis in An-Yang stream basin was made using GIS(Geographic Information System) and XP-SWMM(Export Stormwater and Wastewater Management Model). The basin was divided into 13 sub-basins using GIS. The area, slope, width of each subcatchment and length, slop of each stream reach were acquired from topographic maps, and imperviousness rate, land use types, infiltration capacities of each subcatchment from land use maps and soil maps using GIS. We gave th runoff management method of urbanization area us ing XP-SWMM.

• KEPCO Journal on Electric Power and Energy
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.127-135
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• 2022

With the advent of high technologies such as the 4th Industrial Revolution and artificial intelligence and big data, efforts are being made to solve urban problems and improve the quality of life by applying new technologies in the smart city field. In addition, as carbon neutrality has emerged as an important issue due to global warming, smart city energy platform technologies such as urban energy management, efficiency improvement, and carbon reduction are in the spotlight. In order to effectively manage urban energy, energy resource information such as electricity, water, gas, hot water, heating, etc. must be collected from the management system of various energy utilities and managed on the central platform. The centrally integrated data is delivered to external city management systems that require city energy information through an energy platform. This study developed a CIM profile for smart city energy monitoring required to provide energy data to external systems. Electric data model were designed using the CIM class of IEC 61970, and water, gas, and heat data model were designed in compliance with the UML-based design ideas of IEC 61970.