• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.128-128
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• 2023

Objectives: This research aimed to develop a guideline for evaluating safety and performance of electronic warm-acupuncture apparatus. With the development of medical devices like electronic warm-acupuncture apparatus with improved performance, convenience and safety measures compared to traditional warm-acupuncture needling, safety and performance guideline is a necessity. Methods: By referring to existing standards and guidelines of other electronic devices for Korean medicine with heating function, guideline for safety and performance assessment of electronic warm-acupuncture apparatus was drafted Results: The guideline, presents explanation for adequate temperature and settings of the apparatus, and safety measurements providing against thermal runaway situations along with guidelines for the manual. Guideline for detailed test method for the performance of the apparatus such as accuracy of temperature increase and the timer, and safety unit was also provided. The test items and suggested test methods for the requirements of biological, electrical and electromagnetic safety were referred to Korean approval documents of ministry of Food and Drug Safety. Conclusion: We proposed the relevant items to verify performance and safety of warm-acupuncture apparatus to assure patient safety and improve the quality of currently developing devices for application in clinical field.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.71-78
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to report the combination effect of Chuna manipulation and warm needle acupuncture for a case of obstinate chronic tinnitus. Methods : We applied Danmuji Anchu Tracton technique, lateral pterygoid Chuna and warm needle acupuncture at SI19 once a day for 2 weeks. Visual analogue scale(VAS) was used for the intensity of tinnitus and tinnitus handicap inventory(THI) was evaluated. Results : VAS was improved from 6 to 2 in right ear, 4 to 1 in left ear after the treatment. THI was also improved from 54 to 34 after the treatmemt. Conclusions : The combined therapy of Chuna manipulation and warm needle acupuncture can be used for chronic tinnitus.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.75-82
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of warm needling therapy in a patient with cervical myelopathy caused by ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament. Methods : A 53-year-old Korean male patient diagnosed with cervical myelopathy due to ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament was treated with warm needling therapy on posterior neck aside from the routine inpatient treatment from June 26th to July 16th. Clinical improvement was evaluated with visual analogue scale(VAS), Japanese orthopedic score(JOA), grip and release test, finger escape sign and patient satisfaction was measured using a five-point Likert scale. Results : After 21 days of treatment, the patient showed improvement in VAS, JOA, grip and release test and finger escape sign. The patient also expressed satisfaction with the treatment. Conclusions : The results suggest that warm needling therapy may be an effective additional treatment for cervical myelopathy and other symptoms related to ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament(OPLL). Further studies should be carried out regarding possible long-lasting effects.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.247-257
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• 2008

Objectives : The warm needling technique is the method in combining the effects of acupuncture needle with the effects of moxibustion. We need to standardize the characteristics of the warm needling technique in order to get more systematic and objective result in operation mechanism and effects and then get more clinical abilities in these fields. Methods : In this study, using of labview system on the warm needling technique we studied about measurement and comparison with partial temperature changes according to the position of ignition. Results & conclusion : When we measured the warm needling's partial temperature according to the position of ignition, the bottom ignition method got the higher result on the peak temperature measured at 2cm below the head than the apex ignition method.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.61-74
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• 2009

Objectives: The warm needling technique is a method which combines the effects of acupuncture with those of moxibustion. The purpose of this study was to find the stimulus effects of a high frequency warm needling device when stimulating acupoint $LI_4$ on the carrageenan-induced arthritis. Methods: This study was to observe the effects to edema reaction, WBF(weight bearing force), NO concentration, nNOS expression after the electro high frequency stimulus of high frequency warm needling device on LI4 with insulated acupuncture needle. Results: The effect of the high frequency warm needling device is to rise up the temperature in proportion to the current intensity. After stimulating on the acupoint $LI_4$ of the carrageenan-induced arthritis in rats with the high frequency warm needling device, it significantly reduced edema in the rat's foot. In addition, WBF, NO concentration of spinal cord (nmol/mg), and nNOS relative expression were reduced. Conclusions: The above results support the idea that stimulus by the high frequency warm needling device on $LI_4$ produces a potent analgesic effect in the arthritis pain model of the rat. Moreover, stimulus by the high frequency warm needling device modulates endogenous NO through the suppression of nNOS protein expression.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.178-184
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• 2013

Objectives : The warm needling technique is the method combining the effects of acupuncture needle with those of moxibustion. We need to standardize the characteristics of the warm needling technique, in order to get more systematic and objective results in operation and effects and then get more clinical abilities in these fields. Methods : In this study, using labview system on the warm needling technique, we measured and compared partial temperature changes according to the kind of needle. We studied relations of moxa cones of various sizes with the peak combustion temperature. Results and Conclusions: When we measured the warm needling's partial temperature, temperature measured at 1 and 2 cm below the head, according to the kind of needle, gold needle got the higher result on the peak than SS304 stainless steel needle. In the case of combustion of the moxa cones, cones weighing 0.4 g and 0.8 g, respectively, and the apex ignition method with gold needle showed the higher result than the apex ignition method with stainless steel needle, when we measured the effective stimulus time at 2 cm below the head and the mean temperature during the effective stimulus time. Although more research to standardize the characteristics of the warm needling technique will be needed, we suggest, according to these results, that warm needling of gold needle combined with moxa cone of 0.4 or 0.8 g is effective.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.181-187
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• 2016

Objectives : The purpose of this report is to introduce a case of osteochondral lesions of the left talus caused by ankle sprain and suggest complex traditional Korean medical care with warm needling therapy as a possible method of conservative treatment. Methods : A 20-year-old male with osteochondral lesions of the left talus complaining of ankle pain and restricted range of movement was treated mainly with warm needling therapy and other combined Korean medicine therapy from January 5, 2015 to January 12, 2015. Improvements of symptoms were measured by American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society Score (AOFAS Score), Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Range of movement (ROM). Results : During 8 days of treatment, the patient showed gradual improvement in AOFAS score, VAS at rest and at weight bearing position, as well as ROM of the ankle. Conclusion : According to the result, warm needling therapy is a possible conservative treatment for osteochondral lesions of the talus. Further studies are needed regarding possible longterm effects.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.213-220
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• 2016

Objectives : The aim of this paper is to develop acupuncture needle heating system by utilizing the new method which uses high frequency(HF) time-varying magnetic field. Also, it is possible to make an assessment for reliability and clinical significance of the system. Methods : We designed the system with solenoid coils for generation of HF time-varying magnetic field that oscillates at 150 kHz. Acupuncture needles are quickly magnetized and heated by 150 kHz. We assessed clinical significance of system, such as body temperature, pressure pulse waveform. Results : Temperature of acupuncture needle increased up to 60 degree. In the result for clinical significance of system, in case of manual acupuncture stimulation(MAS), body temperature change was $0.373^{\circ}C{\pm}0.224$(p<0.05), rate of pulse energy change increased about 7.6%. In case of warm acupuncture stimulation(WAS), body temperature change was $0.645^{\circ}C{\pm}0.281$(p<0.05), rate of pulse energy change remarkably increased about 35.9%. Conclusions : We confirm that the system is able to be applied clinically to various warm acupuncture needle therapy in the area of oriental medicine.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.135-140
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• 2006

Object : This study is designed in order to evaluate oriental medical treatment of ankylosing spondylitis. Methods : The authors observed patient by ROM & VAS for operated acupuncture treatment, herbal medicine treatment and physiotherapy Conclusion : 1. Ankylosing spondylitis patient of this case is caused by taiyang channel warm-heat evi. 2. Ankylosing spondylitis patient by taiyang channel warm-heat evi is evaluated by acupuncture treatment. ; SP3, S36, LIll, LI4, S40. 3. Ankylosing spondylitis patient by taiyang channel warm-heat evi is evaluated by Hervbal medication. ; Gamikangwhalsungsub-Tang.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.71-78
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• 2010

Objectives : The warm needling technique is a combination of acupuncture and moxibustion. The purpose of this study was to find the physical and thermal characteristics in order to identify the effects and mechanisms of the warm needling technique. Methods : In this study, the thermal changes were observed with a testo 845 device, which is an infra-red thermometer specifically designed for measuring a combustion of corn shaped moxibustion(moxa-corn). The thermal changes at the apex of the moxa-corn placed on the top of the an acupuncture were observed at the level of 1 cm and 2 cm from the apex to understand heat conduction through acupuncture needle for combustion of moxa-corn. Results and Conclusions : The thermal conduction through acupuncture needle from the moxa-corn was relative to the weight of moxa-corn and was inversely relative to the distance of the moxa-corn and acupuncture needle length. And the value of thermal conduction to the apex of the acupuncture needle from the moxa-corn was about $3{\sim}5^{\circ}C$. The above results suggest that the present study may be useful in finding the mechanism and effects of the warming needling technique.