• 한국의류학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.270-276
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• 2003

Methodology was suggested to analyze breast volume, base area of breast bulk. and surface area of breast using the 3D measurement system. Thirty-seven middle-aged (30s-40s) women wearing 80A brassiere were participated in this study. Image of the upper body was captured by Phase-shifting moire. The posture of the subject was adjusted to get the full image of the right breast. Rapidform 2001 was used for the analysis of the images. The mean breast volume was 547.0㎤ and mean base area of breast bulk was 235. I$\textrm{cm}^2$ It was also found that the volume(r=0.169) and surface area of breast(r=10.242) were loosely correlated with the circumference difference between top and under breast. Therefore, it is noted that current selection criterion of cup size based on the difference in the two kinds of breast circumference is inadequate. The result of this study is expected to contribute to the design of ergonomic brassiere as well as surgical operations in the medical field.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.28-31
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• 1963

Recognizing shortcomings and unreasonable points of the usual methods of measurement of the standing-tree volume, author contrived measurement formula of standing-tree volume which is based on stem-curve equation, $y^2=2px$, resulted from the analysises and experiments on stem-curve by differentiation & integration. The results of this study are as follows ; (1) The following is the formula. $V=1/2g_{1.2}$(h+1.2) V=volume of tree $g_{1.2}$ = sectional area at breast heigh h = height of tree (2) So plain is the form of this formula that this formula is more convenient than usual formulas in measuring. (3) The percentage error of this formula is negative and it is remarkably superior to usual formulas except Pressler's formula, in other words, the higher the tree that is measured is, the more inaccurate become pressler's formula, and the percentage error of the breast-height form factor method is direct proportion to the grossness of the tree that is measured, but the higher the tree that is measured, the lower become percentage error of this formula in geometrical progression.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제58권2호
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• pp.283-298
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• 2019

초등학교 교육과정에 포함된 측정 속성 가운데 둘레와 넓이, 겉넓이와 부피는 5, 6학년에서 집중적으로 다루어진다. 그러나 이 영역에서 학생들의 수행능력이 어느 정도가 되며 어떤 문제가 있는지에 대해서는 알려진 바가 많지 않다. 이 연구는 평면도형의 둘레와 넓이, 입체도형의 겉넓이와 부피에 대한 초등학교 6학년 학생들의 이해 정도를 진단하고, 각 요소별 수행 능력을 비교 분석하여 차후 수학 교과서 개발 및 측정 영역 지도를 위한 시사점을 도출하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 둘레, 넓이, 겉넓이, 부피, 둘레와 넓이의 관계, 겉넓이와 부피의 관계에 관련된 문항을 구성하여 6학년 학생 95명을 대상으로 수행 능력을 분석하였다. 분석결과 초등학교 6학년들의 수행능력이 둘레, 겉넓이, 둘레와 넓이의 관계, 겉넓이와 부피의 관계 영역에서 특히 낮은 것으로 드러났다. 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로 둘레와 넓이, 겉넓이와 부피 개념의 도입 순서와 지도 방법, 지도 순서 등에 대한 몇 가지 아이디어를 제안하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제29권12권
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• pp.1615-1620
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• 2005

We present a novel flow-rate independent cell counter using a fixed control volume between double electrical sensing zones. The previous device based on the single electrical cell sensing in a given flow-rate requires an accurate fluid volume measurement or precision flow rate control. The present cell counter, however, offers the flow-rate independent method for the cell concentration measurement with counting cells in a fixed control volume of $22.9{\pm}0.98{\mu}{\ell}$. In the experimental study, using the RBC (Red Blood Cell), we have compared the measured RBC concentrations from the fabricated devices with those from Hemacytometer. The previous and present devices show the maximum errors of $20.3\%\;and\;16.1\%$, which are in the measurement error range of Hemacytometer (about $20\%$). The present device also shows the flow-rate independent performance at the constant flow-rates ($5{\mu}{\ell}/min$ and $10{\mu}{\ell}/min$) and the varying flow-rate (4, 2, and $4{\mu}{\ell}/min$). Therefore, we demonstrate that the present cell counter is a simple and automated method for the cell concentration measurement without requiring an accurate fluid measurement and precision flow-rate control.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.692-698
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• 2022

With the expansion of domestic hydrogen fuelling station infrastructure, it is necessary to secure reliability among hydrogen traders, and for this, technology to accurately measure hydrogen is important. In this study, 4 types of hydrogen trading volume calculation models (model 1-4) were presented to improve the accuracy of the hydrogen trading volume. In order to obtain the reference value of model 4, and experiment was conducted using a flow rate measurement equipment, and the error rate of the calculated value for each model was compared and analyzed. As a result, model 1 had the lowest metering accuracy, model 2 had the second highest metering accuracy and model 3 had the highest metering accuracy until a certain point. But after the point, model 2 had the highest metering accuracy and model 3 had the second metering accuracy.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.41-53
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• 2018

본 연구는 도로교통량통계연보에서 제시하고 있는 고속도로 교통량을 보정하기 위해 측정오차를 최소화하면서 TCS 교통량과 교통량 균형을 만족시키는 최적화 모형을 개발하였다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서 구축한 모형을 실제교통량과 비교 검증하였다. 모형 검증 결과, 교통량 균형에 만족하도록 측정교통량을 보정할 경우, 보정교통량은 측정교통량에 비해 실제교통량과의 차이가 적은 것으로 나타났다. 경부고속도로 40개 구간에 적용 결과, 전체 구간에 대한 측정교통량은 -8.1%~9.6% 보정되었으며, 보정된 교통량만큼 측정오차가 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 고속도로의 규모와 역할이 증대되고 있는 가운데 고속도로 측정교통량의 정확성을 향상시켰다는 점에서 의미가 있다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.676-679
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• 2006

Purpose: Breast volume is one of the crucial measurements in preoperative planning and postoperative evaluation of the results in mammoplasty. There are several methods suggested by different authors, but there is still no commonly accepted standard methods for measuring breast volume. To help the surgeons to base their estimation on an objective evaluation, we developed a simple method using Polyethylene bag and plaster molding. Methods: After Polyethylene bags were put in suitable size on both breasts of the patient in upright position, silk plaster was molded on the surface evenly. Then molds can be obtained after marking boundaries of breasts with a pen. Breast volume measurement can be done by filling water in the molds and measuring it. Moreover, postoperative design for natural skin brassier was possible using the molds. Results: This method was applied to 2 patients for reduction mammoplasty and the breast volume measurement was simple, hygienic and accurate, done within 10 minutes. Conclusion: This method using Polyethylene bag and plaster molding has several advantages. 1. It is comparatively accurate regardless of the size and shape of patient's breasts in upright position. 2. Measurement time is short and inconvenience and shame of patients can be reduced by making molds after putting on Polyethylene bags. 3. It is relatively economical and uses easily available hygienic materials. 4. The postoperative shape and volume of breasts can be predicted by using molds preoperatively.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2012년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.9-10
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• 2012

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.349-356
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• 2016

Volumetric capacity metrics at cryogenic condition are critical for technological and commercial development. It must be calculated and reported in a uniform and consistent manner to allow comparisons among different materials. In this paper, we propose a simple and universal protocol for the determination of volumetric capacity of sorbent materials at cryogenic condition. Usually, the sample container volume containing porous sample at RT can be directly determined by a helium expansion test. At cryogenic temperatures, however, this direct helium expansion test results in inaccurate values of the sample container volume for microporous materials due to a significant helium adsorption, resulting significant errors in hydrogen uptake. For reducing this container volume error, therefore, we introduced and applied the indirect method such as 'volume correction using a non-porous material', showing a reliable cold volume correction.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.1131-1140
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• 2019

Characteristics of fruit tree canopies are important target information for adjusting the pesticide application rate in variable rate spraying in orchards. Therefore, the target detection of the canopy characteristics is very important. In this study, a canopy volume measurement method for peach trees was presented and a variable rate spraying system based on canopy volume measurement was developed using the ultrasonic sensing, one of the most effective target detection method. Ten ultrasonic sensors and two flow control units were mounted on the orchard air-assisted sprayer. The ultrasonic sensors were used to detect the canopy diameters and the flow controls were used to modify the flow rate of the nozzles in real time. Two treatments were established: a constant application rate of $300Lha^{-1}$ was set as the control treatment for the comparison with the variable rate application at a $0.095Lm^{-3}$ canopy. The tracer deposition at different parts of peach trees and the tracer losses to the ground (between rows and within rows) were analyzed in detail under constant rate and variable rate application. The results showed that there were no significant differences between two treatments in the liquid distribution and the capability to reach the inner parts of the crop canopies.