• 열처리공학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.112-120
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• 1996

The effects of ${\varepsilon}$ martensite content and strain amplitude on damping capacity of an Fe-17%Mn alloy have been studied to establish damping mechanism of Fe-Mn system corresponding to the magnitude of strain amplitude. In a range of $1{\times}10^{-4}{\sim}3{\times}10^{-4}$ strain amplitude, the damping capacity is linearly proportional to the ${\varepsilon}$ martensite content, which suggests that stacking faults and ${\varepsilon}$ martensite variant boundaries are the principal damping sources. In the range of $4{\times}10^{-4}{\sim}6{\times}10^{-4}$ strain amplitude, however, a maximum damping capacity is observed around 68 vol.% ${\varepsilon}$. This behavior is very similar to dependence of relative area of ${\gamma}/{\varepsilon}$ interface on ${\varepsilon}$ martensite content. This means that in this strain range, ${\gamma}/{\varepsilon}$ interface acts as damping source in addition to the stacking faults and variant boundaries in Fe-17%Mn alloy.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.35-45
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• 1998

The effects of alloying elements and the conditions of reverse transformation studied treatment on the formation of retained austenite in 0.15C-6%Mn-(Ti, Nb) steels has been studied. The addition of Ti and Nb to 0.15C-6%Mn steel shows no effect on the formation of retained austenite. In case of reverse transformation treatment at various temperatures, the shape of retained austenite was lath type, growing toward the longitudinal and thickness direction with increasing the heat treatment temperatures. The retained austenite formed by the reverse transformation treatment at higher temperature has a lot of stacking faults induced by the internal stress. The retained austenite was stabilized chemically by enrichment of C and Mn in the vicinity of a untransformed austenite and the chemical stability of retained austenite was decreased with increasing the heat treatment temperature and the holding time. It was effective to heat treat at $650^{\circ}C$ in order to obtain over 30vol.% of retained austenite, but more desirable to heat treat at $625^{\circ}C$ for a long time, considering the amount and quality of retained austenite.

• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.151-157
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• 1997

다섯 조성의 서로 다른 Mo, Ni 및 Mn함량을 지닌 3 mass% C-20 mass% Cr 공정조성의 백주철을 질소분위기하에서, 1173, 1273 및 1373 $^{\circ}K$의 온도로 3.6, 7.2, 14.4 및 28.8 ks동안 불안정화열처리를 행한 후 공냉시켜 잔류오스테나이트를 측정한 결과 합금원소함량, 불안정화열처리조건 및 $V{\Upsilon}$사이에 다음과 같은 관계를 얻었다. 즉 Mo, Ni 및 Mn을 첨가한 결과, 주방상태에서 79.89${\sim}$91.65 vol.%범위의 $V{\Upsilon}$가 얻어 졌으며 퍼얼라이트는 전혀 생성되지 않았다. 1173 $^{\circ}K$에서 불안정화열처리를 한 경우에는 무수히 작은 이차탄화물이 석출하였으나 온도가 높아 질수록 그 수는 점차 감소하여 1373 $^{\circ}K$에서는 거의 관찰되지 않았다. 1173 및 1373 $^{\circ}K$에서 불안정화열처리를 한 경우, 불안정화열처리시간의 증가에 따른 $V{\Upsilon}$의 변화는 미미하였으나 1273 $^{\circ}K$의 경우에는 감소하였다. 또한 Mo, Ni 및 Mn의 첨가량이 많아짐에 따라 $V{\Upsilon}$는 증가하였으며 이 두 함수사이의 관계식을 정립시키기 위하여 P인자를 도입하였다.

• 한국분말야금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국분말야금학회 2006년도 Extended Abstracts of 2006 POWDER METALLURGY World Congress Part2
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• pp.763-764
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• 2006

Ceramic Injection Moulding (CIM) technology has been successfully used for the fabrication of Mn-Zn Ferrite part. The binder was composed by polypropylene and paraffin wax. The optimal powder loading (58% vol.) was determined by means of rheological measurements. Threedifferent parts, toroids, bending and tensile probes were injected. Thermal and solvent-thermal debinding was designed based on DSC and TGA studies of the binder. The time of the debinding cycle was reduced using n-heptane to dissolve previously the paraffin wax. Final properties have been determined and compared with uniaxial pressure parts values. The densities obtained were slightly higher than those of uniaxial pressure parts and the magnetic properties presented similar values.

• 한국압력기기공학회 논문집
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.26-33
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• 2011

To evaluate steam oxidation behaviours of Alloy 617 and Haynes 230, oxidation test were performed at $900^{\circ}C$ in steam and $steam+20\;vol.-%\;H_2$ environments. Oxidation rate in steam condition was similar to that in air for Alloy 617, while it was slightly lower for Haynes 230. When hydrogen was added to steam, oxidation rate was enhanced. Isolated $MnTiO_3$ particle were formed on $Cr_2O_3$ oxide layer and sub layer $Cr_2O_3$ were formed in steam and $steam+20\;vol.-%\;H_2$ for Alloy 617. On the other hands, $MnCr_2O_3$ layer were formed on top of $Cr_2O_3$ oxide layer for Haynes 230. The extensive sub layer $Cr_2O_3$ formation was resulted from the oxygen inward diffusion in such environments. When hydrogen was added, the oxide morphology was changed from polygonal to platelet because of the accelerated diffusion of cations under the oxide layer. In addition, decarburized zone was extended as hydrogen participated into the reactions causing carbide dissolution.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2017

Fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) was studied as an additive for the electrolyte in lithium ion batteries with the $LiNi_{0.5}Mn_{1.5}O_4$ (LNMO) spinel cathode operating at a high potential beyond 4.7 V (vs. $Li/Li^+$). It was found that the FEC additive was electrochemically active for the $1^{st}$ charge cycle on the LNMO cathode. The presence of a large amount of FEC (more than 40 vol%) in the electrolyte caused severe side reactions with abnormally long voltage plateaus. In contrast, when the electrolyte contained less than 30 vol% FEC, the surface of the LNMO cathode was stabilized by the formation of the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI), leading to improved cyclability. However, the resistance from the SEI limited the rate capability because of sluggish lithium transportation through the SEI and electronic insulation between the particles in the electrode.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제36권10호
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• pp.1102-1107
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• 1999

SiC-Si3N4 composites were prepared by mixing $\alpha$-Si3N4 powder to $\alpha$-SiC powder in the range of 10 to 30 vol% with 10vol% interval. 6wg% Al2O3 and 6wt% Y2O3 were respectively added as sintering aids. Hot pressing was performed at 1,80$0^{\circ}C$ for 1 hour with 25 MPa pressure. In the case of adding 20vol% of $\alpha$-Si3N4 powder the relative density to theoretical value and the flexural strength were 99.1% and 34,420 MPa respectively and the worn amount was 2.09$\times$10-3 mm2 which were the highest values in the all range of he composition. Although the composite containig 10 vol% of $\alpha$-Si3N4 powder showed the highest fracture toughness(KIC) of 4.65MN/m3/2 the reduction of the wear resistance in this composite is likely to be affected by the homogeneity and the uniformity of the grain coalescence and growth during the sintering process.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.431-437
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• 2001

본 연구는 제조공정을 달리한 0.14C-6.5Mn강을 2상영역에서 역변태처리 하였을 때 다량의 잔류오스테나이트를 생성시키기 위한 열처리 조건을 제시하고 잔류오스테나이트의 생성과 관련하여 미세조직 관찰, C, Mn의 분배거동 및 기계적성질을 조사하였다. 잔류오스테나이트는 역변태처리시 오스테나이트내에 C, Mn의 확산으로 농축되어 안정화되며 연성향상에 크게 기여한다. 30%이상의 잔류오스테나이트를 확보하기 위해서는 6457에서 역변태처리하는 것이 효과적이지만, 잔류오스테나이트의 부피 분율과 기계적안정성을 고려하면 $620^{\circ}C$에서 열처리하는 것이 바람직하다. 냉연재의 강도.연성조합값은 3강종 모두 $620^{\circ}C$에서 1시간 역변태처리한 경우 4000kg/$\textrm{mm}^2$정도로 매우 우수하지만 고온에서는 연성감소로 인하여 그 값이 현저하게 저하하였다. 0.14C-6.5Mn계 TRIP강에서 잔류오스테나이트 생성과 기계적성질에 미치는 1.1%Si 첨가효과는 매우 미약하였다.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.297-303
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• 2003

rf magnetron sputtering법을 이용하여 Mn-Ni-Co계 써미스터 박막을 증착하였다. $300^{\circ}C$ 및 $Ar/O_2$ = 10/0에서, cubic spinel 상형성이 이루어졌으며 공정가스에 산소 첨가 시, cubic spinel 상은 열처리를 통해서도 형성되지 않았다. 써미스터 박막은 Mn, Ni, Co 성분 외 다른 이종 성분은 포함되어 있지 않았다. 써미스터 박막에 대한 적외선 반사 특성을 분석으로 증착된 박막은 일정 각도로 입사되는 적외선에 대해 비교적 높은 반사율을 가짐을 관찰할 수 있었다. DI water : $HNO_3$: HCI=60 : 30 : 10 vo1%에서 써미스터 박막의 식각 속도는 약 63 nm/min였다. 박막 써미스터의 B상수는 약 3500 K였으며 TCR은 약 -3.95%/K였다 전압감도는 약 108.5 V/W였으며 NEP와 specific detectivity는 각각 $5.1\times 10^{-7}$ W/$Hz^{-1/2}$ $0.2\times 10^6$cm $Hz^{1/2}$/W였다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.115-120
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• 2005

The aim of this research is to develop the TRIP aided high strength low carbon steels using reverse transformation process. The $4\~8\%$ Mn steel sheets were reversely transformed by slow heating to intercritical temperature region and furnace cooling to room temperature. The stability of retained austenite depends on the enrichment of carbon and manganese by diffusion during the reverse transformation. The amount of retained austenite formed after reversely transformed at $625^{\circ}C$ for 6 hrs was about $50\;vol.\%$ in the $8\%Mn$ steel. The change in volume fraction of retained austenite with a holding temperature was consistent with the changes in elongation and the strength-ductility combination. The maximum strength-ductility combination of 40,000 $MPa{\cdot}\%$ was obtained when the $8\%Mn$ steel reversely transformed at $625^{\circ}C$ for 12 hrs. However, it's property was significantly decreased at higher holding temperature of $675^{\circ}C$ resulting from the decrease of ductility.