• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.12 no.5
• /
• pp.2203-2208
• /
• 2011

This study was to examine the change of vowel acoustic characteristics of the temporomandibular joint disorder patients by maintaining normal vocalization pattern of the temporomandibular joint through increasing the range of motion, that was, the oral cavity sonorant cavity of the temporomandibular joint, related to vowel articulation through temporomandibular training using the physical therapy. The subjects of this study were 3 male adults in 20-30s that were diagnosed with temporomandibular joint disorder. As a result of conducting temporomandibular training program using the physical therapy, the $1^{st}$ Formant Frequency(F1), $2^{nd}$ Formant Frequency(F2), and Fundamental Frequency(F0) of the temporomandibular joint disorder patients were increased compared to before and this showed the change of the $1^{st}$ Formant Frequency(F1) related to the open mouth grade of a vowel, as well as the $2^{nd}$ Formant Frequency(F2), and Fundamental Frequency(F0) related to the front-back of a vowel which shows the relationship between the temporomandibular joint, vowels and voice calculation.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.11 no.9
• /
• pp.429-436
• /
• 2011

There have been several studies reporting that vocal misuse and abuse causes voice problems, as well as laryngeal disease such as laryngitis, vocal nodules, vocal polyp. But few researches have investigated amounts or rates of vocal misuse or vocal abuse of patients. Therefore, the author of this study developed measuring device for vocal misuse and abuse behaviors and compared frequency of vocal misuse and abuse behaviors of normal children and children with vocal nodules. The subjects of this study were five normal children and five children with vocal nodules who were male, lower graders of elementary schools(first to third graders). Based on the results of this study, the frequency of the children with vocal nodules in vocal misuse and abuse using was 5,411(${\pm}145$) and that of the normal children was 3,133(${\pm}257$). The frequency of vocal misuse and abuse behaviors of the children with vocal nodules was around 1.5 time significantly higher than that of normal children(p<.001).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.75-78
• /
• 2014

Functional dysphonia refers to a voice disturbance that occurs in the absence of structural or neurologic laryngeal pathological characteristics. Poorly regulated activity of the intrinsic and extrinsic laryngeal muscles is cited as the proximal cause of functional dysphonia (FD). Recently, the term functional dysphonia has been replaced in some clinical circles by diagnostic label muscle tension dysphonia (MTD), which serves to highlight excess, dysregulated, or imbalanced activity of the intrinsic and extrinsic laryngeal muscles as proximal cause of the observed dysphonia. And recent research evidence points to specific personality traits as important contributors to its development and maintenance. However, the origin of this dysregulated laryngeal muscle activity has not been fully elucidated. Further research is needed to better understand the pathogenesis of functional dysphonia, and factors contributing to its successful management.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.25-33
• /
• 2008

Objective : To identify the effectiveness of a short-term intensive intervention program on the improvement of adaptive response of a child with mixed sensory integration disorder. Method : Four and half years old boy who has been diagnosed of PDD received 40 min of one intervention session and 50 min of 3 intervention sessions. The intervention was a part of the 2008 Sensory Integration Treatment Course developed by the Korean Academy of Sensory Integration (KASI) and all sessions were implemented under supervision by experts. Result : Adaptive responses of the child were enhanced throughout the intervention process in terms of postural response and peer interaction. His oral defensiveness is improved. As the intervention progressed, he exhibited more active movements, louder voice, and coherence within peer group. Conclusion : This case report demonstrates effectiveness of a short-term intensive intervention program in terms of improving adaptive response. To enrich the effectiveness, tt is suggested to educate parents about neurological base of the child's behaviors so the they understand the importance of various sensory experience within play.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.188-192
• /
• 2022

Velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) is a phenomenon that can occur due to anatomical or neurological causes of the soft palate. VPI can make the patient difficult to articulate through hypernasality and nasal emission. There has been needed the customized treatment, as VPI can occur for many causes. We present the case of 21-year-old male who took palate plastic surgery 20 years ago for congenital submucosal cleft palate. As he had poor contraction of both lateral side of velopharynx, he was diagnosed with coronal type VPI. Through sphincter pharyngoplasty, he can obtain improvement of articulation accuracy. We would like to share this challenged case.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.33-42
• /
• 2012

Background and Objectives : Dysarthria refers to speech disorder that causes difficulties in speech communication due to paralysis, muscle weakening, and incoordination of speech muscle mechanism caused by damaged central or peripheral nerve system. Pitch, strength and speed are influenced by dysarthria during detonation due to difficulties in muscle control. As evaluation items, alternate motion rate and diadochokinesis have been commonly used, and articulation is also an important evaluation items. The purpose of this study is to find acoustic characteristics on sound production of dysarthria patients. Materials and Methods : Research subjects have been selected as 20 dysarthria patients and 20 subjects for control group, and voice sample was composed of bilabial, alveolar sound, and velar sound in diadochokinetic rate, while consonant articulation test was composed of bilabial plosive, alveolar plosive, velar plosive. Analysis items were composed of 1) speaking rate, energy, articulation time of diadochokinesis, 2) voice onset time (VOT), total duration (TD), vowel duration (VD), hold of plosives. Results and Conclusions : The number of diadochokinetic rate of dysarthria was smaller than control group. Both control group and dysarthria group was highly presented in the order of /t/>/p/>/k/. Minimum energy range per cycle during diadochokinetic rate of dysarthria group was smaller than control group, and presented statistical significance in /p/, /k/, /ptk/. Maximum energy range was larger than control group, and presented statistical significance in /t/, /ptk/. Articulation time, gap, total articulation time during diadochokinetic rate of dysarthria group was longer than control group and presented statistical significance. The articulation time was presented in both control group and dysarthria group in the order of /k/>/t/>/p/, while Gap was presented in the order of /p/>/t/>/k/ for control group and /p/>/k/>/t/ for dysarthria group. VOT, TD, VD regarding plosives of dysarthria group were longer than control group. Hold showed large deviation compared to control group that had appeared due to declined larynx and articulation organ motility.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.119-125
• /
• 2011

Background and Objectives : Temporary or permanent vocal paralysis can be occurred after head and neck surgery such as thyroid cancer, esophageal resection, and chest operation including lung parenchymal resection, due to a vagus or recurrent laryngeal nerve injury. The authors aimed to determine the clinical efficacy of using Calcium-Hydroxyapatite (CaHA) for permanent unilateral vocal cord palsy patients. Materials and Method : Between July 2008 to July 2010, among patients with chief complain of hoarseness and aspiration, only who were diagnosed as unilateral vocal cord palsy under laryngoscopy, were selected. The patients included 3 females and 13 males age range between 29 to 79 and average age was 60 years old. Results : The hoarseness range were $8.94{\pm}0.77$, $4.63{\pm}1.02$, $4.31{\pm}1.30$ statistically showing significant postoperative improve at preoperative, 1 week and 3 months. Also aspiration were $7.44{\pm}2.48$, $3.63{\pm}1.82$, $3.19{\pm}1.91$ statistically improved during the same period. The result of voice analysis showed that the frequency range shows decrease at 1 week and 3 months after the injection compared to that of the preoperative result in both male and female group (Male: $161.63{\pm}32.78$ Hz, $139.13{\pm}30.63$ Hz, $146.67{\pm}34.20$ Hz ; Female: $244.62{\pm}26.62$ Hz, $244.91{\pm}42.03$ Hz, $237.50{\pm}38.95$ Hz). The Maximal phonation time were $2.75{\pm}1.06$ (sec), $8.88{\pm}3.46$ (sec), $8.44{\pm}3.71$ (sec) statistically showing significant postoperative improve at preoperative, 1 week and 3 months. Conclusion : Injection laryngoplasty with CaHA in unilateral vocal cord paralysis is very safe and efficient procedure to improve a voice disorder, a swallowing difficulty, and a quality of life for those patients with a sacrificed RLN, a cancer invasion of the nerve, and a prolonged vocal cord paralysis which is more than six to twelve months.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.29 no.11
• /
• pp.1415-1420
• /
• 2000

Essential tremor(ET) is the most common movement disorder however there has been little agreement in the neurologic literature regarding diagnostic criteria for ET. Familial ET is an autosomal dominant disorder presenting as an isolated postural tremor. The main feature of ET is postural tremor of the arms with later involvement of the head, voice, or legs. In previous studies, it was reported that ET susceptibility was inherited in an autosomal dominant inheritance. As with previous results, it would suggest that ET might be associated with defect of mitochondrial or nuclear DNA. Recent studies are focusing molecular genetic detection of movement disorders, such as essential tremor and restless legs syndrome. Parkinson's disease(PD) is a neurodegenerative disease involving mainly the loss of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra by several factors. The cause of dopaminergic cell death is unknown. Recently, it has been suggested that Parkinson's disease many result from mitochondrial dysfunction. The authors have analysed mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA) from the blood cell of PD and ET patients via long and accurate polymerase chain reaction(LA PCR). Blood samples were collected from 9 PD and 9 ET patients. Total DNA was extracted twice with phenol followed by chloroform : isoamylalcohol. For the analysis of mtDNA, LA PCR was performed by mitochondrial specific primers. With LA PCR, 1/3 16s rRNA~1/3 ATPase 6/8 and COI~3/4 ND5 regions were observed in different patterns. But, in the COI~1/3 ATPase 6/8 region, the data of PCR were observed in same pattern. This study supports the data that ET and PD are genentic disorders with deficiency of mitochondrial DNA multicomplexes.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.16 no.1 s.29
• /
• pp.251-270
• /
• 1995

In the Literatual Study on the Dysphonia, the results were as follows. 1. The causes of dysphonia are exogenous pathogenic factors,(specially cold evil)internal damage and meridian in The Yellow Emperor's Canon of Interal Medicine, since then endogenous pathogenic factors are lung-asthenia and deficiency of lung-yin etc. The main causes are disease caused by exogenous evils, general body weakness, emotional stimulation and excess of high voice rescently. 2. The pathogenesis of dysphonia originated from two factors; The first internal damages are consumption of body fluid with the formation of dryness evil resulting from the insufficienty of lung-yin and lung-collaterals damaged by heat-evil caused by deficiency of lung and kidney-yin. The second disease caused by exogenous evils is sluggishness of lung-energy caused by exogenous pathogenic factors. 3. The main relative organ are heart, lung and kidney etc. 4. The prescriptions of wind-cold symptoms are Samyoutang(三拗湯) and Hangsosan(杏蘇散), in the prescriptions of phlegm-heat symptom is Chenginyongphetang(淸咽寧肺湯), in the prescriptions of depressive syndrome due to disorder of vital energy are Sogangkitang(小降氣湯) and Shihochenggantang(柴胡淸肝湯加減), in the prescriptions of consumption of body fluid with the formation of dryness evil resulting from the insufficiency of lung-yin symptoms are Sanghangtang(桑杏湯) and Chenginguphetang(淸咽救肺湯, in the prescriptions of deficiency of lung and kidney-yin are Baekhabgokumtang(百合固金湯) and Maekmigiwhangtang(麥味地黃湯). 5. The treatment of acupunctures are used by LI-4(合谷), H-7(湧泉), Liv-3(太衝), K-3(太谿), Sp-6(三陰交), H-5(通里), GV-15(아門), CV-23(廉泉), S-40(農隆), K-6(照海), L-7(列缺), S-36(足三里) etc.

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.17-21
• /
• 2007

Alagille syndrome is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder and occurs in approximately 1 in 100,000 live births. Diagnostic criteria was established by Alagille. It is mainly caused by a mutation in the Jagged1 gene. Major clinical features of this syndrome are paucity of intrahepatic bile duct with cholestasis, characteristic facies, cardiac murmur, defects of vertebrae, and embryotoxon. And minor clinical features are mental retardation, renal involvement, growth retardation, other skeletal abnormalities, a high-pitched voice. The surviving prognosis of Alagille syndrome patients depends on the severity of cardiovescular malformation in the early ages of infant. However, with the increasing years, it depends on the severity of the liver disease. Cholestasis causes congenital jaundice, malnutrition and growth retardation. Also, the increase of serum cholesterol level cause xanthoma and pruritus. Even though the severity of these problems are reduce with age, there is cases where there is no way but liver transplantation. For oral features of Alagille syndrome patients, green discoloration of entire dentition, induced by bilirubin infiltration into dentinal tubules, is especially. Also, xanthoma on gingiva and partial hypodontia have been reported. This report is on the oral features of an Alagille syndrome patient who visited to Kyung-Pook University Hospital.