• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.303-309
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• 2008

건강한 피부 기능의 악화 원인으로는 콜라겐 섬유 감소, 탄력섬유 변성, 활성산소종의 과다 생성 등이 있다. 이로 인하여 피부 탄력 저하나 주름이 생성된다. 피부 탄력 저하 및 주름 생성과 같은 피부 노화를 개선하기 위해 대표적으로 비타민 A, C 및 그 유도체들이 화장품에 적용되고 있지만 화학적 불안정성의 문제점이 있어 새로운 유도체들의 합성 개발에 노력을 기울이고 있다. 본 연구에서는 피부개선을 위한 화장품 원료로 최근 비타민 C로부터 새롭게 합성된 3-O-cetyl-L-ascorbic acid (VCCE)의 주름 개선과 관련된 효능 효과를 평가하였다. VCCE의 in vitro 실험 결과 procollagen type I의 합성을 0.002%에서 최대 149% 증가시켰다. 또한 인체적용시험에서 일차적으로 폐쇄 첩포 실험 결과 자극이 유발되지 않았으며, 모사판 분석 및 PRIMOS system을 이용한 주름측정결과에서도 주름개선효과를 확인하였다. 결과적으로, VCCE는 주름 개선을 위한 화장품 성분으로서 높은 응용 가치를 제시한다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.301-306
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• 2016

본 연구는 국내에서 많이 재배되는 농산물과 특수하게 재배되는 농산식품 자원(잎 및 채소류 9종, 과일류 16종, 곡류 및 특용작물 11종)을 선정하여 비타민 $K_1$의 함량 분석하여 기초데이터를 마련하고, 실험에 사용한 분석법을 검증하여 결과의 신뢰도를 확보하고자 하였다. 각 식품군의 비타민 $K_1$은 용매추출법을 이용하여 추출하였고, 형광 검출기를 이용하여 HPLC를 통해 정량하였다. 잎채소류 내 비타민 $K_1$의 범위는 $107.03{\sim}682.73{\mu}g$/100 g였으며, 구기자 잎에서 $682.73{\mu}g$/100 g으로 가장 높게 검출되었고, 대왕토란과 고구마는 각각 $1.83{\mu}g$/100 g과 $2.72{\sim}2.74{\mu}g$/100 g으로 낮은 함량을 보였다. 과일류의 비타민 $K_1$ 함량 범위는 $0.17{\sim}28.22{\mu}g$/100 g으로 분석되었고, 마른 반시에서 $28.22{\mu}g$/100 g으로 가장 높은 수치를 보였으며, 청포도 $14.97{\mu}g$/100 g, 키위류 $13.54{\sim}16.36{\mu}g$/100 g으로 다른 과일들과 비교해서 비교적 높은 함량을 보였다. 곡류의 비타민 $K_1$ 함량 범위는 $1.14{\sim}3.47{\mu}g$/100 g이었고, 느타리버섯, 이슬송이버섯, 초석잠에서는 모두 비타민 $K_1$이 검출되지 않았다. 검량선의 상관계수는 0.999로 높은 유의 수준을 보여 분석에 적합함을 알 수 있었으며, 반복성과 재현성의 변동계수 값은 각각 8.95%, 5.28%로 우수하였다. 따라서, 본 연구에서 분석된 자료는 국내에서 재배되는 지역농산물의 비타민 $K_1$ 기초데이터로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.5833-5837
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• 2013

Roles of the vitamin D receptor in etiology of cancers, including colorectal cancer, have been repeatedly stressed in different parts of the world. A case control study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the two was therefore initiated in Kashmir, known both for its increasing incidence of gastrointestinal cancers and deficiency of micro-nutrients especially vitamin D. The study included a total of 617 subjects (312 colorectal cancer cases and 305 controls), with sampling carried out over a period of 5 years. DNA samples from the blood of the subjects were analyzed for start codon Fok I VDR polymorphism. We obtained a 1.3 fold increased risk among individuals homozygous for f variants as compared to subjects homozygous for F allele (odds ratio OR 1.3, 95%CI, 0.861-1.65). Our study also showed statistically significant results when dwelling and tumor location characteristics were stratified with Fok I polymorphism, all of which suggests a possible role of Fok I polymorphism in the etiology of CRC in Kashmir.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.20-29
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• 2012

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has become a global epidemic. In particular, it is known that there is a dramatic increase in the prevalence of MetS among women during the postmenopausal period. Recently, accumulating studies have suggested that vitamin D deficiency may be inversely associated with the risk factors regarding MetS. However, evidence from postmenopausal women is limited. In this study, we examined the association between the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and the MetS in Korean adult women aged 20-69 years (n = 2,618) by using the 2007-2008 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. The geometric mean of plasma 25(OH)D were $17.16{\pm}6.28\;ng$/mL and $20.20{\pm}7.69\;ng$/mL for premenopausal and postmenopausal women, respectively. The percentages of vitamin D deficiency [25(OH)D < 12 ng/mL] were 22.5% and 14.4%, respectively. MetS was more prevalent in postmenopausal women (43.0%) compared with premenopausal women (11.2%). When serum concentrations of 25(OH)D were categorized in quintiles, there was no relationship in the prevalence of MetS in both premonopausal and postmenopausal women. However, in premenopausal women, compared with the lowest 25(OH)D quintile, the odds ratio for hypertriglyceridemia in the highest quintile was 0.57 (95% CI 0.34-0.95, $P_{trend}$ = 0.041) and for low serum HDL cholesterol 0.60 (95% CI 0.42-0.85, $P_{trend}$ = 0.014) after adjusting for all potential confounders. On the other hand, we observed the tendency of an inverse relationship for 25(OH)D regarding low serum HDL cholesterol (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.50-1.22, $P_{trend}$ = 0.029) and a direct relationship with abdominal obesity (OR 1.94, 95% CI 1.01, 3.74, $P_{trend}$ = 0.049) in postmenopausal women. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings in other research settings.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.158-167
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• 2024

Purpose: To evaluate the prevalence of vertebral fracture (VF) in children with chronic liver disease (CLD) with and without liver transplantation (LT) and to determine the associated factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. Patients aged 3-21 years with CLD both before and after LT were enrolled in the study. Lateral thoracolumbar spine radiographs were obtained and assessed for VF using Mäkitie's method. Clinical and biochemical data were collected. Results: We enrolled 147 patients (80 females; median age 8.8 years [interquartile range 6.0-11.8]; 110 [74.8%] in the LT group and 37 [25.2%] in the non-LT group). VF was identified in 21 patients (14.3%): 17/110 (15.5%) in the LT group and 4/37 (10.8%) in the non-LT group (p=0.54). Back pain was noted in only three patients with VF. In the univariate analysis, a height z-score below -2.0 (p=0.010), pre-LT hepatopulmonary syndrome (p=0.014), elevated serum direct and total bilirubin levels (p=0.037 and p=0.049, respectively), and vitamin D deficiency at 1-year post-LT (p=0.048) were associated with VF in the LT group. In multivariate analysis, height z-score below -2.0 was the only significant associated factor (odds ratio, 5.94; 95% confidence interval, 1.49-23.76; p=0.012) for VF. All VFs in the non-LT group were reported in males. Conclusion: In children with CLD, VF is common before and after LT. Most patients with VF are asymptomatic. Screening for VF should be considered in patients with a height z-score below -2.0 after LT.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.109-116
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• 2016

목적: 최근 관찰연구들에서 낮은 혈중 25(OH)D 농도가 호흡기 감염과 관련이 있다는 결과들이 보고되고 있다. 하지만, 소아의 무작위 대조 연구에서 비타민 D의 투여가 호흡기 감염을 예방하는 효과에 대해서는 아직 논란의 여지가 있다. 이번 연구는 비타민 D 보충 요법이 호흡기 감염 예방에 미치는 영향을 체계적 문헌고찰과 메타분석을 통하여 알아보고자 한다. 방법: MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trial을 이용하여 소아의 호흡기 감염 예방을 위해 비타민 D 보충을 실험한 무작위 대조 연구들이 분석 대상에 포함되었다. 문헌의 비뚤림 위험도를 평가하기 위해 코크란 연합의 질 평가 방법(Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing the risk of bias)을 사용하였다. 연구별로 상대위험도와 95% 신뢰구간을 추출한 후, Review Manager 5.3을 이용하여 메타분석을 시행하였다. 결과: 총 7편의 무작위 대조 연구들이 메타분석 대상에 포함되었다. 임의효과모형을 사용하여 산출된 전체 비타민 D 보충군에서 상대적 위험도는 0.82 (95% CI: 0.69-0.98)이었고, 이질성에 대한 $I^2=62%$ 이었다. 연구 간의 이질성 원인을 파악하기 위해 시행한 하위 집단 분석에서 추적 관찰 기간이 1년 미만인 경우, 대상군의 나이가 5세 이상인 경우, 대상군이 환자인 경우, 비타민 D 투여 요법이 매일 요법인 경우 이질성이 감소하였다. 깔때기 그림에서 출판 비뚤림의 가능성을 시사하는 비대칭 소견을 보였다. 결론: 메타분석 결과는 소아에서 비타민 D 보충요법이 호흡기 감염을 예방하는 데 효과가 있을 수 있음을 보여준다. 하지만, 이번 연구에서는 분석대상에 포함된 연구들이 적고, 연구들 간에 이질성이 존재하며, 출판 비뚤림이 존재할 가능성이 있어 결과를 주의해서 해석할 필요가 있다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.383-388
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• 2004

This study was designed to identify how the incidence and severity of premenstrual. syndrome (PMS) correlate with the nutrient intakes and exercise habit of women. The subjects of this study were 299 women residing in Busan metropolitan city. Each subject was asked to complete a menstrual discomfort questionnaire (MDQ) for PMS and nutrient intakes. PMS symptom scores of women in their twenties ranked in order of severity were: behavioral change (2.45), followed by pain (2.36) and water retention (2.28), negative effects (2.20), autonomic reaction (1.91), arousal (1.87), decreased concentration (1.76) and decreased control (1.74). For Women in their thirties, the symptom of pain was the most dominant (2.93) followed by autonomic reaction (2.69) and behavioral change (2.54), and for those in their forties, negative effect (3.06) was highest, followed by pain (2.97) and autonomic reaction (2.86). The overall symptoms of PMS significantly increased with age (20': 2.07 points, 30': 2.34 points, 40': 2.47 points). There was no correlation of the BMI of the subjects with the symptoms of PMS, but there was a significant negative correlation between the symptoms of PMS and exercise frequency for women in their thirties and forties. Subjects in their twenties exhibited a significant negative correlation for PMS symptoms with the intake of carbohydrate (p < 0.05), calcium (p < 0.05) and vitamin E (p < 0.05). For subjects in their thirties, PMS symptoms were negatively correlated with the intake of calcium (p < 0.05) and vitamin C (p < 0.05); and in women in their forties, calcium (p < 0.01) and carbohydrate (p < 0.05) intakes were negatively correlated with PMS symptoms. This suggests that PMS represents the clinical manifestation of a nutrient deficiency state, especially calcium. Therefore, we concluded that nutrient supplementation and exercise management are likely to be of benefit in relieving PMS symptoms.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.163-174
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• 2007

Folate has received international attention regarding its role in the risk-reduction of birth defects, specifically neural tube defects (NTDs). In 1998 health officials in Canada, like the United States, mandated the addition of folic acid to white flour and select grain product's to increase the folate intake of reproductive-aged women. Subsequent to this initiative there has been an increase in blood folate concentrations in Canada and a 50% reduction in NTDs. Many countries, including Korea, have not mandated folic acid fortification of their food supply. Reasons vary but often include concern over the masking of vitamin $B_{12}$ deficiency, a belief that folate intakes among womenare adequate, low priority relative to other domestic issues, and the philosophy that individuals have the right not to consume supplemental folic acid if they so choose. Prior to folic acid fortification of the food supply in Canada, the folate intakes of women were low, and their blood folate concentrations while not sufficiently low to produce overt signs of folate deficiency (eg. anemia) were inconsistent with a level known to reduce the risk of an NTD-affected pregnancy. The purpose of this article is to describe the role of folate during the periconceptional period, pregnancy, and during lactation. The rationale for, and history of recommending folic acid-containing supplements during the periconceptional period and pregnancy is described as is folic acid fortification of the food supply. The impact of folic acid fortification in Canada is discussed, and unresolved issues associated with this policy described. While the incidence of NTDs in Canada pre-folic acid fortification were seemingly higherthan that of Korea today, blood folate levels of Korean women are strikingly similar. We will briefly explore these parallels in an attempt to understand whether folic acid fortification of the food supply in Korean might be worth consideration.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.34-45
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• 2013

This study was conducted to obtain data and offer advice regarding dietary intake at kindergarten and to recommend dietary habits to prevent childhood obesity. The study was conducted in 85 children aged 4 to 5 years. Body weight and height, dietary intakes of lunch served at Kindergarten and questionnaires for dietary behaviors in Kyeongnam area were studied. All subjects were classified by their weight-length index (WLI). According to the standard WLI values, 41.2% of the children were within the normal value ($90{\leq}$WLI<110), 23.5% of the children were overweight ($110{\leq}$WLI<120), and 35.3% of the children were obese ($WLI{\geq}120$). The mean energy intake at lunch for kindergarteners was $287.1{\pm}13.4$ kcal in the normal group, $307.6{\pm}10.2$ kcal in the overweight group and $323.7{\pm}8.6$ kcal in the obese group. The percent energy of estimated energy requirement (EER) was 21.8%. The intake of protein, iron, zinc, vitamin A, and pyridoxine were significantly different by WLI (P<0.05). A comparison of nutrients in the lunch menu provided with those of 1/3 recommended intake (RI) showed that preschoolers took in fewer calories, calcium, and vitamin $B_2$, and that their deficiency rates were high (81.2%, 76.5% and 70.6% of recommended levels, respectively). There was a significant difference in the preference of fruits and milk and dairy products by WLI. Therefore, a nutritional education program and new guidance in the proper nutrition management for kindergarteners should be developed to enhance nutritional status during childhood.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.14-22
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• 2011

This study was designed to compare the incidence and severity of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) between normal (N = 85) and overweight or obese (N = 28) college female students and investigated correlation between PMS, nutrient intake, hematological index and psychological index (depression, anxiety, stress). Each subject was asked a Menstrual Discomfort Questionnaire (MDQ) for PMS by 5 Likert scale. The PMS scores of women in the normal weight subjects ranked in order of severity were water retention (2.71), followed by behavioral change (2.58), negative affect (2.46), pain (2.31), autonomic reaction (2.27), decreased concentration (2.16). The symptoms of 'pain' and 'behavioral change' of overweight or obese subject were significantly higher than those of normal subject (p < 0.05). And total cholesterol concentration of overweight or obese subjects was significantly higher than in normal subject (p < 0.05). There was a significant positive correlation (p < 0.05) between the symptoms of 'negative effect' and BMI. And the triglyceride concentration was positively related with 'water retention (p < 0.01)'. The symptoms of 'decreased concentration' were negatively correlated with calcium (p < 0.01) and vitamin B6 intake (p < 0.05). The depression score were positively related with symptoms of 'behavioral change (p < 0.05)', 'negative affect' (p < 0.01), and the anxiety score was positively correlated with 'behavioral change (p < 0.05)' and 'decreased concentration (p < 0.05)'. The stress score was positively correlated with 'decreased concentration (p < 0.01)', 'behavioral change (p < 0.05)' and 'negative affect (p < 0.05)'. This suggests that PMS represents the clinical manifestation of a calcium, vitamin $B_6$ deficiency and psychological disorder. Therefore we concluded that nutrient supplementation, depression and stress management may help to relieve PMS symptoms.