• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.1675-1682
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• 2010

The biological activity of hot water extract from Ecklonia cava Kjellman (ECE) was investigated to assess antioxidative, anti-skin aging, and nitrite scavenging abilities, as well as alcohol metabolizing activities. Antioxidant activity of ECE was measured by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity. DPPH radical scavenging activity and SOD-like activity of ECE increased in a remarkably dose-dependent manner, and were about 91.4% and 75% at 1 mg/ml, respectively. The xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity was indicated to be about 70% at 1 mg/ml of ECE. Nitrite scavenging ability of ECE showed to be 93.6% at 1 mg/ml and pH 1.2. The influence of ECE on alcohol metabolism was demonstrated through the generating activity of reduced-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). The facilitating rate of ADH and ALDH activity by ECE was 167.2% and 334% at 10 mg/ml, respectively. In addition, tyrosinase and elastase inhibitory activities of ECE were 58% and 72% at 10 mg/ml, respectively. These results indicated that ECE has valuable biological attributes owing to its antioxidant, nitrite scavenging, alcohol metabolizing, and elastase and tyrosinase inhibitory activities.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.271-281
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• 2001

This study was performed to compare the anthropometric and the food and nutrient intake of the adolescents between urban areas and islands in south Kyungnam and to identify their nutritional problems. A questionnaire survey was distributed among 383 middle school students for the food and nutrient consumption and other nutritional attitudes including socioecomonic status. The height and weight of the students were measured as well. Socioeconomic status, such as income, educational level, and jobs of the urban students parents was better than that of the island students. There was no significant difference in height between the students of both areas, but the body weight of the urban male students was far heavier than that of the other group. It is very interesting to note that the energy intake of the urban male students was much lower than that of the island male students. The students of the two areas consumed more protein, Vit B$_1$, Vit B$_2$, niacin and Vit C than the recommended daily allowances(RDA) but the intake of Ca, Fe, Vit A was less. As to the sources of animal fat, the urban males consumed much more. Regarding the taste preference, the study shows that urban male students are more likely to choose sweet, salty and soft tastes than island male students. In the case of female students, although island students prefer a rather hot taste, urban students are more likely to prefer sweet and soft tastes. The favorite foods of urban students are meat products, fastfoods, chocolate, cheese and milkshakes, while foods like cooked rice with assorted vegetable are the favorite of the island students. In general, the preference degree for meat products and fruits rates higher than for vegetables. Conclusively the urban students had a tendency of being obese and the intake of all nutrients by the urban adolescents was much lower than that of the islanders. In this study, the cause can be found in significant differences in consuming animal fat, of taste preference and of choosing favorite food. Accordingly a nutritional intervention or educational program is required to adjust the imbalanced intake of some nutrients for the adolescents in this province.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.631-642
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• 2007

This study was an investigation of obesity, food habits and daily nutrient intakes of the 4th grade elementary school students in daejeon. A total of 148 children(male:71, female:77) participated in the study. We classified the subjects into normal group and obese group according to the grade of obesity indices by body fat ratio(BFR), 70% of the male and 31% of the female were obese group. The average height, weight were $140.1{\pm}4.9cm$, $33.0{\pm}3.6kg$(obese group), $141.9{\pm}5.7cm$, $42.0{\pm}3.6kg$(normal group) for the male, $141.2{\pm}6.4cm$, $42.4{\pm}6.2kg$(obese group), $139.5{\pm}6.4cm$, $33.0{\pm}4.5kg$(normal group) for the female. Weight showed a noticeable increase in the obese group, but height was not statistically significant. In dietary habits, it wasn't statistically significant but male obese group showed statistically increase in terms of eating fast(p>0.05) and eating snacks before sleeping(p>0.01) and female obese group was higher in frequency of eating out a month than normal group. Energy intakes of obese group was more than normal group and the average intakes of Vit. A, folic acid, Ca, were below the RI. The average intakes of vit A, vit C, folic acid, Ca, were also below the RI in normal group. The average intakes of vit A, folic acid, Ca, Fe were below the RI in female. Especially in female the intake of Ca was only 53.6%(obese group), 56.4%(normal group) of RI. From these results, we knew prevalence of obesity in elementary school students were high and obese groups were high in energy intakes but low in essential nutrients. Therefore we have to try to prevent and treat childhood obesity. So nutrition education of balanced diet and good dietary habits is needed for elementary school students.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.1019-1030
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• 2018

In [12,13] the researchers introduced universally convex, universally starlike and universally prestarlike functions in the slit domain ${\mathbb{C}}{\backslash}[1,{\infty})$. These papers extended the corresponding notions from the unit disc to other discs and half-planes containing the origin. In this paper, we introduce universally prestarlike generalized functions of order ${\alpha}$ with ${\alpha}{\leq}1$ and we obtain upper bounds of the second Hankel determinant ${\mid}a_2a_4-a^2_3{\mid}$ for such functions.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.64-73
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• 2021

Two-dimensional torus network nodes are typically interconnected using XY routing algorithm for transmitting a packet from a source node to a destination node. In XY routing, if all the paths are used efficiently, the throughput and latency can be improved. In this paper, to utilize all the paths efficiently, we propose a novel binary optical routing algorithm (BORA) to improve the throughput and latency. The throughput is calculated according to the injection rate and number of packets received at the destination. The XY routing algorithm and proposed BORA are implemented using objective modular network testbed in C++ simulation software and the results are analyzed and compared. In this paper, the simulation results show that the network latency reduces to 50% while using the proposed algorithm; moreover, the throughput is also improved.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.69-78
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• 2004

Objective : This study was undertaken to determine the inhibitory effect of Whallak-tang against Nitric Oxide, the scavenging effect of Whallak-tang on DPPH radical. Methods : Both nitric concentration 1, 3, 6 and 24 hours after treatment with Vit. C and Whallak-tang at 0.1, 1, 10 mg/ml and scavenging effect 10, 20, 30 and 60 minute after treatment with Vit. C and Whallak-tang at 0.1, 1, 10 mg/ml were estimated. Results : The inhibitory effect of Whallak-tang against Nitric Oxide was dose-dependent. The scavenging effect of Whallak-tang on DPPH radical was dose-dependent. Conclusion : These results would provide important basic data on the possibility of the clinical treatment of Whallak-tang in musculoskeletal disease.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.417-420
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• 2006

The composition and structure of dendrite phase within $Zr_{76.11}Ti_{4.20}Cu_{4.51}Ni_{3.16}Be_{1.49}Nb_{10.53}$ bulk metallic glass (BMG) were confirmed by using an EPMA, XRD and TEM, respectively. The chief elements of dendrite phase were Zr-Ti-Nb and had a BCC structure. The thermal properties of this BMG have been then subsequently investigated by using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The glass transition and crystallization onset temperatures were determined as $339.7^{\circ}C$ and $375.8^{\circ}C$ for this alloy, respectively. Mechanical properties have also been examined by conducting a series of uniaxial compression tests at various temperatures within supercooled liquid region under the strain rates between $10^{-4}/s$ and $3{\times}10^{-2}/s$. The deformation behavior of BMG composite within supercooled liquid region is similar to one of Vit-1 exhibiting amorphous single phase alloy. The flow stresses of BMG composite, however, are entirely higher than those of Vit-1 because dendrite phases are interfere with moving of atoms.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.109-118
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• 2015

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-oxidative effect of Suhwagije-decoction (SGT) pharmacopuncture solution on the liver and spleen cells of aged rats. Methods : The liver and spleen cells of 10, 52, and 72 week old Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were divided into three groups: distilled water (DW), Vit.C, and SGT groups, which were treated with DW, Vit.C and SGT pharmacopuncture solution respectively. The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and nitric oxide (NO) were then measured. Results : 1. Treatment of SGT pharmacopuncture solution significantly decreased NO concentration in spleen cells of 52 week old rats as compared with that of other groups. 2. Treatment of SGT pharmacopuncture solution significantly increased SOD activity in spleen cells of 72 week old rats as compared with that of other groups. Conclusions : Suhwagije-decoction (SGT) pharmacopuncture solution may have an anti-oxidative effect in the spleen cells of aged rats.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.701-711
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• 2000

To provide the baseline information for establishing community based nutritional service system in the context of health promotion, we conducted nutrition survey for 196 adults (male ; 99, female ; 97) in Kyungpook area. Individual food intake was measured by 24-hour recall method, and then diet quality was evaluated by Index of Nutritional Quality (INQ) and Mean Adequacy Ratio (MAR). Average dietary intake of Ca and Vit A of total subjects were lower than Korean Recommended Dietary Allowances (Ca; 83% of RDA, Vit A; 77% of RDA). On the whole, mean nutrients intake of male subjects were higher than that of female subjects. It also appeared that overall nutrients intake of younger women (20~29 yr) were lower than that of other age group. When we evaluated the nutrients intake of the subjects by INQ, Vit C (=2.39) showed the highest score. Ca (=0.89) and Vit A (=0.84) were revealed to be concerned nutrients in both quantity and quality. There was almost no difference in MAR between men and women (Men ; 0.88, Women ; 0.86). MAR showed significantrly positive correlation with age (p<0.05), meal frequency (p<0.001) and negative correlation with education level (p<0.01) in women, whereas no statistically significant relationship among these variables was observed in men. Age and meal frequency showed significantly positive correlation with most nutrients intakes among women. In conclusion, nutrition education strategies for sound food choice and regular meals need to be developed to improve the nutritional adequacy of female adults in the 20's.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.181-189
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• 2015

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of vitamin C and Sea buckthorn on the performance, blood biochemistry and meat quality in old laying hens. A total 200 Hy-Line Brown laying hens (101 weeks old) were randomly allotted to 1 of 5 dietary treatments : (1) Basal : basal diet, (2) Vit. C : basal diet + 0.1% vitamin C, (3) SB 0.1 : basal diet + 0.1% Sea buckthorn, (4) SB 0.5 : basal diet + 0.5% Sea buckthorn, and (5) SB 1.0 : basal diet + 1.0% Sea buckthorn. Each treatment was replicated 4 times with 10 birds units were arranged according to randomized block design. Feeding trial lasted 4 weeks under 16L:8D lighting regimen. The diets were fed to hens on an ad libitum basis for 4 weeks. Result indicated that during feeding trial of the experiment, hen-day egg production and feed conversion ratio were not significantly influenced by treatments. However, feed intake was significantly (P<0.05) higher in Vit. C and SB treated groups than the basal during 1 wks and 3 wks. Egg weight was significantly (P<0.05) higher in basal and Vit. C than the SB 1.0 treatment. There were no differences in carcass yield during feeding trials. However, partial ratio (breast and neck) was significantly (P<0.05) higher in SB 0.5 than other treatment. There were no differences in the level of leukocytes and erythrocytes. There were no significant differences on proximate analysis (DM, crude protein, crude fat, and crude ash), meat color, water holding capacity, cooking loss, and fatty acids concentrations. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of vitamin C and Sea buckthorn to the diet of old laying hens might be a potential ingredient for increasing partial weight (breast) in old laying hens.