• 한국안전학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.105-115
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• 2020

This study compares the difference of fit factors (FF) and visual acuity according to masks and eyeglasses preferences for 54 participants. We the precautions and behaviors of discomfort when wearing masks of eyewear wearers. Contact lens discomfort and priority action of complaints was investigated Glasses fitting factors is Optical Center Height(OH), Vertex Distance(VD) and Pantoscopic Angle(PA). We measured those factors and expressed by the ratio of standard point and change point. Quantitative fit factor was measured by Portacount Pro+ 8038. Also, we selected to 6 exercises among 8 exercises OSHA QNFT (Quantitative Fit testing) protocol to measure the fit factors. The pass/ fail criterion of FF was set at 100. Visual acuity(VA) test chart is developed by Chunsuk Han was used, Descriptive statistics was performed. Descriptive statistics(SAS ver 9.2), it is used geometric means, Wilcoxon analysis(P=0.05) When wearing the mask preferentially, fit factor(FF) was high according to the step of glasses fitting parameter. on the other hand, when the glasses first choice, the visual acuity(VA) was high. there was no significant difference. In the case of fit factor (FF), mask first choice/ glasses first choice is OH (p=0.671/ p=0.332), VD (p=0.602/ p=0.571) and PA (p=0.549/ p=0.607). Visual acuity (VA), mask first choice/ glasses first choice is OH (p=0.753/ p=0.386), VD (p=0.815/ p=0.557) and PA (p=0.856/ p=0.562). The workers of workplace and office chose glasses but occupational health workers and students chose mask. In case of discomforts, it was suggested to remove the mask and tolerate discomforts. The main discomforts and usual action of lens were dryness, hyperemia, foreign body sensation, ophthalmodynia, decreased vision and glasses wearing. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a mask wearing method education program considering glasses fitting and develop a hybrid model that minimizes inconvenience when wearing glasses and a mask at the same time.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.217-223
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• 2013

10 diopter에서 20 diopter까지의 양볼록 검안렌즈에 대한 백색광 MTF(Modulation Transter Function)를 각주파수와 시력으로 나타낸 후, 이들을 각각 AIM(Aerial Image Modulation) curve와 비교하였다. 축상시야에서 평가된 양볼록 검안렌즈 모두 시력 2.0까지는 란돌트 링을 분해할 수 있는 MTF를 가지고 있었다. 하지만 반시야각 $5.0^{\circ}$인 비축시야에서는 10 diopter의 검안렌즈는 시력 0.9, 20 diopter의 검안렌즈는 0.8까지 란돌트 링을 분해할 수 있는 것으로 평가되어 시력을 1.0까지 측정하기에는 충분한 해상력을 가지지 못한 것으로 평가되었다.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.89-94
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• 2008

목적: 본 논문은 소아 및 학동기 그리고 청소년과 부모시력의 유전적 연관성을 보고자 하였다. 방법: 연구 대상자는 4~18세까지의 소아 및 학동기 그리고 청소년기에 속하는 어린이 208명과 피검자의 부모 340명이 참여하였다. 시력측정은 5 m용 한천석식 시력표를 이용하였으며, 각 단안씩 나안 및 교정시력을 측정하였다. 결과: 6세미만의 소아에서 아버지의 시력은 아무런 관련성을 찾을 수 없었으나, 남아에서는 어머니의 시력에 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 학동기의 경우는 특히 부모와의 관련성이 높은 것으로 나타났는데 시력이 0.7이하인 그룹에서는 부모 모두 0.7이하가 많았으며, 0.7초과인 그룹에서는 부모도 같이 0.7을 초과하는 경향을 보였다. 청소년기의 경우에서도 어머니의 시력이 남아의 시력과 연관성이 있음을 보여주었다. 결론: 부모의 가족력이나 특히 어머니의 시력이상은 자녀의 시력이상에 더욱더 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.397-405
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• 2001

The vision disturbances of school- age children has been recognized as and important school health problem. As the visual disturbances of the school-age children is recognized as the nation's health problem. the importance of the development of educational program for visual health should be emphasized. Recently, eyeball movement and other visual health management method has been introduced for prevention or recovery of decrease in visual acuity. But, the effect of eyeball movement was not confirmed yet. And, the controversy around the treatment effect is continued. The decrease of visual acuity is one of the important school health problem as well as it causes discomfort in daily life of the students. So, it should be considered as an important subject for school health and there is a need to develop an effective intervention program for visual health. The purpose of this study is to develop and evaluate the program with the recognition of the need of the intervention for visual health. The visual health promotion program was developed by the researcher and the program was initiated by the school. Nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was applied for study which examined the effect of the visual health promotion program. The subjects were 742 children (experimental group: 398; control group: 344). The experiment was composed of health education and eyeball movement. Health education was provided 5 times to the children in the class room. Children of experimental group exercised eyeball movement in the class, watching video for 10 minutes two times a day. The exercise was continued for 10 weeks. The result of the study were as follows. 1) change of visual acuity Before the intervention, mean of the visual acuity was .86 for the experimental group and .91 for control group. After the intervention, mean of visual acuity was .95 for the experimental group and. 90 for the control group. There was no significant difference in the change of visual acuity between experimental and control group. 2) change of refraction. In the experimental group, 327 eyes (41.08%) were normal vision and 469 eyes (58.98%) were eyes of refraction errors, 38.82 % of the total eyes were myopia. There was no significant change in the refraction in the children with myopia after the intervention. 3) Awareness of visual acuity, change of knowledge, behavior. and attitude (1) After the intervention, there was a significant difference in the awareness of visual acuity (experimental group: 70.10%. control group: 50.97%, p<.01). (2) After the intervention, there was a significant knowledge increase in the experimental group (pp<.01). (3) There was no significant difference in the visual health behavior after the intervention. (4) There was a significant positive change in the attitude related to visual health in the experimental group ( pp<.05). 4) There was a significant positive change in the subjective discomfort of the students. But, there was no significant change in the objective eye symptom after the intervention. Even though there was no effect in the visual acuity and the change of the refraction. subjective visual health as well as the attitude and knowledge' of the children and parents toward visual health was improved significantly. Also, there was an increase in the intention of change and the awareness for the visual health management. It is suggested that various educational strategies for visual health promotion should be developed and examined for the visual health promotion of the students.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2018

This study compares the interrelation of fit factor(FF) and visual acuity test by the order of wearing preference between Particulate filtering face piece respirators(PFFR) and glasses for 54 participants. Glasses fitting factors is Optical Center Height(OH), Vertex Distance(VD) and Pantoscopic Angle(PA) or Visual acuity. We measured those factors and expressed by the ratio of standard point and change point. Quantitative fit factor was measured by Portacount Pro+ 8038 and compared the result of preference of wearing order between respirators and glasses. Also, we selected to 6 exercises among 8 exercises OSHA QNFT (Quantitative Fit testing) protocol to measure the fit factors. The pass/ fail criterion of FF was set at 100. Visual acuity test chart is developed by Chunsuk Han was used, Descriptive statistics was performed. Descriptive statistics(SAS ver 9.2), it is used geometric means, Wilcoxon analysis, peason correlation(P=0.05) Fit factor was increased when the respirator was worn before wearing the glasses(p=0.000) and decreased for visual acuity(p=0.000) The negative correlation was showed between OH and Overall fit factor(r=-0.409, p=0.002). Among 54 participants, 11 participants(20.3%) were worn respirator before wearing glasses and 1 participant(1.9%) was worn glasses before wearing respirator. The overall fit test showed the higher level was investigated for the group of participants wearing respirator before wearing glasses in 6 exercises. Also, overall fit factor were increased when participants wore glasses prior to respirator(16.6) to respirator prior to glasses(36.6). Visual acuity were increased when participants wore respirator prior to glasses(93.8) to glasses prior to respirator(106.0). Finally, comparison result of overall fit factor and visual acuity were glasses first choice from mask first choice. The results showed that higher overall fit factor was investigate when the participants wore the respirator prior to glassess at all. The results implied that it is important to maintain the overall fit factor and visual acuity according to the consideration of OH for glasses fitting when worker wore respirator and glasses at the same time.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.340-348
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• 1997

The glaucoma, cataract and causing-blindness-diseases have high clinical importance by their severity of the symptoms and possibility of causing visual loss. Glaucoma is caused by an increase in the intraocular pressure, if severe enough, can cause field loss and eventually complete blindness. In cataract, the general clarity of vision is impaired due to a loss of transparency of the chrystalline lens of the eye. The causing-blindness-diseases can be divided to PokMaeng which cause sudden blindness and ChungMaeng, in which visual acuity is losed gradually. In glaucoma, cataract and causing-blindness-diseases, the visual acuity is affected and the patient may complain blurriness, fatigue of eye, visual field loss deficiency or scintillant feeling, vitreous floaters. In this study, 32 patients who have cataract, glaucoma or other causing-blindness-diseases was treated with oriental medicine or acupuncture from July, l996 to May. 1997, and was followed up by their symptoms and visual acuity. 1. In glaucoma patients, intraocular pressure decreased significantry and the symptoms improved positively. 2. In cataract patients, there was no improvement of visual acuity but $40\%$ of patients found their symptoms improved. 3. In causing-blindness-diseases, $57\%$ of patients reported improvement of their symptoms such as blurriness or fatigue of eye. 4. Through oriental medical treatment, the symptoms of glaucoma, cataract and causing-blindness-diseases can be treated effectively. Therefore oriental management seems to be possible to cure glaucoma, cataract and causing-blindness-diseases.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.225-229
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• 2014

목적: 동적시력(Kinetic visual acuity, KVA), 대비감도(Contrast sensitivity), 정지시력(정지시각 Static visual angle, SVA) 등의 상관관계를 분석해 보고자 하였다. 방법: 안경광학과 재학생 99명(남 51명, 여 48명)을 대상으로 Topcon CV-3000 포롭터를 이용하여 완전교정 후 명소시($100cd/m^2$)상태에서 Vector Vision CSV-1000E를 이용하여 2.5 m 거리에서 대비감도를 측정하였다. 또한 KVA 측정장치(KOWA AS-4A)을 이용하여 동적시력을 측정하였다. KVA 정도에 따라, 0.1~0.3 L그룹, 0.31~0.60 M그룹, 0.61 이상을 H그룹으로 분류하고 대비감도, 정지시각, 굴절이상량 등의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 결과: KVA와 대비감도의 상관성은 3 cpd r=0.26, 6 cpd r = 0.48, 12 cpd r=0.38, 18 cpd r=0.47로 저주파수인 3 cpd를 제외하고, 모두 KVA와 SVA의 상관성 r = -0.37 보다 높았다. 주파수별 대비감도는 3, 6, 12, 18 cpd에서 각각 L그룹은 59.41, 92.22, 38.41, 14.39, M그룹은 66.03, 108.78, 53.51, 19.20, H그룹은 70.90, 146.10, 62.90, 25.33이였다. 결론: KVA와 대비감도의 상관성이 SVA보다 높으며, KVA가 높은 경우 저주파수 이외에서는 대체로 대비감도가 높은 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.43-47
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• 1996

1.0 시력표를 읽을 수 있는 20세 전후의 남녀에 대해 인위적근시를 만들어 운무법과정중에 있는 시력변화단계를 조사하였다. 또 이러한 시력의 변화단계를 굴절력증가에 따른 망막에서 착락원의 크기와 비교하여 수치함수를 만들었다. 시력의 변화단계는 양안에 대해 일정한 균형을 유지하였다.

• 대한안과학회지
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• 제59권11호
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• pp.1062-1070
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• 2018

목적: 소아청소년 환자에서 발생한 개방안구손상의 임상 양상을 분석하여 최종시력을 예측할 수 있는 인자를 알아보고, 최종시력을 예측하는 방법으로 안외상 점수(ocular trauma score, OTS)와 소아 안외상 점수(penetrating ocular trauma score, POTS)를 평가해 보고자 한다. 대상과 방법: 1993년 5월부터 2014년 4월까지 개방안구손상으로 본원에 내원한 18세 이하 소아청소년 환자 77명을 대상으로 의무기록을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 최종시력에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 인자들을 조사하였고, 최종시력을 예측하는 방법으로 OTS와 POTS를 receiver operating characteristic 곡선을 이용하여 평가해 보았다. 결과: 단변량 분석에서 20/200 미만의 초기시력, 안구파열, 7.0 mm 이상의 손상 크기, 망막박리, 수정체이탈, 총 수술 횟수는 불량한 최종시력(<20/200)과 유의한 관련성이 있었다. 반면에 20/32 이상의 좋은 최종시력의 경우 각막중심 침범 유무, 외상백내장 유무, 7.0 mm 미만의 손상 크기, 20/200 이상의 초기시력과 관련성이 있었다. OTS와 POTS 모두 최종시력을 예측하는 방법으로 진단적 가치가 있었으며, 통계적으로 두 점수 체계에 유의한 차이는 없었다. 결론: 소아청소년에게 발생한 개방안구손상에서 초기시력과 안구손상 크기는 최종시력에 영향을 주는 중요한 예측인자이다. 소아청소년 개방안구손상 환자의 최종시력 예측에 있어 기존의 안외상 점수(OTS)뿐만 아니라 소아 안외상 점수(POTS) 또한 좋은 예측도를 보여주어 둘 모두 유용한 평가 방법으로 생각된다.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.261-270
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• 2014

목적: 인위적으로 유발된 광학적 흐림이 원거리 시력과 대비감도에 미치는 영향을 $Optec^{(R)}$ 6500으로 측정하여 알아보았다. 방법: 평균연령 $22.90{\pm}1.92$세의 대학생 31명(남자 16명, 여자 15명)을 대상자로 선정하였다. 타각적, 자각적 굴절검사를 실시하여 완전교정값을 구하였고, 광학적 흐림은 S0.00 D~S+3.00 D(+0.50 D step)까지 시험렌즈를 시험테에 장입하여 검사하였다. 원거리 시력과 대비감도는 $Optec^{(R)}$ 6500을 이용하여 측정하였고, 검사환경은 명소시 조건하에서 양안으로 측정하였다. 결과: 원거리 시력은 광학적 흐림의 양이 증가하면 감소되었고, 시력의 감소율(decrease rate)은 점점 작아졌다. 대비감도는 광학적 흐림의 양이 증가하면 모든 공간주파수의 대비감도가 감소되었고, 정점대비감도는 중간 공간주파수(6 cpd)에서 낮은 공간주파수(1.5 cpd)로 이동하는 현상을 보였다. 또한 시력은 최고시력에서 약 0.77까지 구간에서만 정상적인 대비감도의 정점인 6 cpd의 공간주파수에서 정점을 나타내었다. 결론: 적은 양의 굴절이상을 교정하지 않거나 부적절한 굴절교정상태이면, 적은 양이라 할지라도 대비감도가 저하되고 비정상적으로 정점대비감도가 이동하여 일상생활에 시각적 불편함을 야기할 수도 있으므로 항상 주기적인 시력검사와 신중한 안경처방값을 결정하여야 된다고 사료된다.