• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.82-88
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• 2017

Emergency lights and exit signs are an indispensable part of safety precautions for effective evacuation in case of emergency in public buildings. These emergency sign indicates safe escape routes and emergency doors, using an internationally recognizable sign. However visibility of those signs drops drastically in case of emergency situations like fire smoke, etc. and loss of visibility causes serious problems for safety evacuation. This paper propose a novel emergency light and exit sign built-in with Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) Beacon to assist the emergency self-guiding evacuation using devices for crisis and emergency management to avoid panic condition inside the buildings. In this approach, the emergency light and exit sign with the BLE beacons deployed in the indoor environments and the smart devices detect their indoor positions, direction to move, and next exit sign position from beacon messages and interact with map server in the Internet / Intranet over the available LTE and/or Wi-Fi network connectivity. The map server generate an optimal emergency exit path according to the nearest emergency exit based on a novel graph generation method for less route computation for each smart device. All emergency exit path data interfaces among three system components, the emergency exit signs, map server, and smart devices, have been defined for modular implementation of our emergency evacuation system. The proposed exit sign experimental system has been deployed and evaluated in real-time building environment thoroughly and gives a good evidence that the modular design of the proposed exit sign system and a novel approach to compute emergency exit path route based on the BLE beacon message, map server, and smart devices is competitive and viable.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.1189-1194
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• 2016

삶의 편의성이 증대되면서 체질량 지수 (Body Mass Index)가 높은 인구가 급속도로 증가하고 있다. 또한 이에 따라 비만을 관리하고 예방하기 위한 모니터링 시스템의 개발이 요구되고 있는 시점이다. 그러나 대부분의 모니터링 시스템은 사용자가 관리를 받기에는 정보가 적고, 간단한 정보만을 가지고 계산만하여 보여주기 때문에 효율성이 낮고, 질병을 가진 사용자를 정상인과 함께 관리하여 정확도가 떨어졌다. 이에 본 논문에서는 사용자의 체질량 지수를 그래프로 표현하고, BMR(Basal metabolic rate)지수를 등급으로 나누어 사용자가 자신을 관리하는데 정확도를 높였다. 또한 사용자가 사용한 운동 기구를 사용한 회수 별로 나타내 균형 잡힌 운동 기구 선택을 할 수 있게 하였고, 소모한 칼로리를 같이 나타내 운동 계획을 설계하는데 효율성을 높였고, 그래프의 경우 최근 데이터만 나타내 시각성을 높인 웹 기반 모니터링 시스템을 개발하였다.

• Architectural research
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.117-126
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• 2015

University residence halls have become one of the most important issues for students when selecting their academic institutions. However, in South Korea, while universities maintain technologically up-to-date facilities, when it comes to safety or security, the management is unsatisfactory. As a result, the number of violent crime has been increasing. However, there are few researches in terms of practical validity of CPTED Guidelines even though a myriad of researchers study about CPTED Guidelines. Therefore, this study endeavours to investigate the validity of theoretical CPTED Guidelines that to what extent it might be adopted for design process. As a methodology, Space Syntax Convex map and Visibility Graph Analysis (VGA) are chosen. As a result, since the types of space which have a high level of Space Syntax Index are analogous with space treated on CPTED Guidelines, it roughly shows that the theoretical CPTED Guidelines could be adopted in practical architectural design process. Furthermore, it reveals that there is a close relationship between detail design guide stated in CPTED Guidelines and the result of VGA. That is, through the analysis, it is proved that the validity of CPTED Guidelines is quite enough to be adopted in practical design process.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.61-70
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• 2009

An AUV (Autonomous Underwater Vehicle) is an unmanned underwater vessel to investigate sea environments and deep sea resource. To be completely autonomous, AUV must have the ability to home and dock to the launcher. In this paper, we consider a class of homing trajectory planning problem for an AUV with kinematic and tactical constraints in horizontal plane. Since the AUV under consideration has underactuated characteristics, trajectory for this kind of AUV must be designed considering the underactuated characteristics. Otherwise, the AUV cannot follow the trajectory. Proposed homing trajectory panning method that called VGM (Virtual Goal Method) based on visibility graph takes the underactated characteristics into consideration. And it guarantees shortest collision free trajectory. For tracking control, we propose a PD controller by simple guidance law. Finally, we validate the trajectory planning algorithm and tracking controller by numerical simulation and ocean engineering basin experiment in KORDI.

• 한국디지털건축인테리어학회논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.57-63
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• 2010

This study examines the correlations of crime-prone locations with the urban space configuration in residential district. CPTED(Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design) is applied to this study and it is intended to control the architectural environment in order to restrain criminal activities. For this reason, an objective analysis for explaining the spatial characteristics of the places where the crimes have occurred is more important than statistical and descriptive approach for analyzing the criminal data. Visibility graph analysis (VGA) supports the CPTED theory in this study for objective interpretation of crime-prone locations and quantitative analysis for built environment. The comparative analysis on object streets and areas are used and the results are followings. The analysis by streets showed that street crimes are correlated with connectivity, control, integration, and integration(r=3) and burglary cases are correlated with control. The analysis by areas showed that street crimes are correlated with connectivity and integration. The T-tests results of crime area and whole area showed that street crimes are correlated with integration and burglary cases have negative correlation with connectivity. Several localized environmental design for crime prevention are also proposed on the basis of this study.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 9th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.1085-1092
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• 2022

Travel distance is a parameter mainly used in the objective function of Construction Site Layout Planning (CSLP) automation models. To obtain travel distance, common approaches, such as linear distance, shortest-distance algorithm, visibility graph, and access road path, concentrate only on identifying the shortest path. However, humans do not necessarily follow one shortest path but can choose a safer and more comfortable path according to their situation within a reasonable range. Thus, paths generated by these approaches may be different from the actual paths of the workers, which may cause a decrease in the reliability of the optimized construction site layout. To solve this problem, this paper adopts reinforcement learning (RL) inspired by various concepts of cognitive science and behavioral psychology to generate a realistic path that mimics the decision-making and behavioral processes of wayfinding of workers on the construction site. To do so, in this paper, the collection of human wayfinding tendencies and the characteristics of the walking environment of construction sites are investigated and the importance of taking these into account in simulating the actual path of workers is emphasized. Furthermore, a simulation developed by mapping the identified tendencies to the reward design shows that the RL agent behaves like a real construction worker. Based on the research findings, some opportunities and challenges were proposed. This study contributes to simulating the potential path of workers based on deep RL, which can be utilized to calculate the travel distance of CSLP automation models, contributing to providing more reliable solutions.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.441-447
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• 2023

정맥 주입요법은 의료기관에서 대상자의 점액 내로 약물, 수액, 혈액 및 영양분을 환자에게 제공하는 표준적인 간호 절차로, 주로 간호사가 담당하여 실행하고 관리하고 있다. 또한 혈관 속으로 약물을 직접 투여하는 주사법으로서 응급상황 시 신속한 효과를 보기 위해 실시하며, 빠르고 정확한 효과를 기대할 수 있다. 교육 훈련을 통한 숙련된 간호사들도 종종 실수를 하여 환자들에게 불편함을 유발할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 환자의 안전을 위협하는 다양한 문제를 발생시킬 수 있다. 이러한 실수로 인한 고충을 줄이기 위해 다양한 연구들이 진행되고 있다. 본 논문은 영상 검출 기기를 통해 3명의 피검자의 손등 정맥 영상을 획득하였고 수집한 영상을 영상처리를 통해 선명한 정맥 영상을 제공하기 위한 알고리즘을 도출하기 위한 연구이다. 획득한 정맥 영상의 선명화를 위해 기존 알고리즘인 Histogram Equalization, CLAHE, Unsharp Masking을 선별하고 이를 조합했다. 개별 알고리즘과 알고리즘 조합을 영상에 적용하여 도출한 영상을 비교하기 위해 히스토그램 그래프를 사용하였다. 분포된 픽셀의 최솟값과 최댓값의 차이를 구하고 평균을 내는 방법으로 히스토그램 그래프를 확인했다. 본 논문에서 제시한 알고리즘 조합이 209.1로 개별 알고리즘 평균값인 138.7, 132.3, 126.2보다 높게 나왔으며 실제 영상에서도 가시성이 좋은 것을 확인했다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.112-120
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• 2010

Human can recognize the environment by detecting spatial perception, and most of environmental perception depends on visual perception. In view that the acquisition of spatial information is accomplished through visual recognition, analysis of visual structure contained in the space is thought to be very important sector in studying the characteristic of the space. The history of studies on visual structure of space, however, wasn't too long, and furthermore most of the theories up to now focused on static and planar principles. Under this circumstance, this study is intended to suggest new theory by combining Isovist theory and VGA theory that have been actively discussed as the theory on visual perception-based spatial structure and supplementing them between each other to expand into 3-dimensional model. The suggested theory is a complex principle in dimensional and dynamic form in consideration of visual direction, which forms 3-dimentional virtual model that enables visualization of the property of spatial structure as the routine discriminating whether visual connection is made between viewing point and target point, and the target point is included in the visual field quadrangular pyramid or not. Such model was built up by an analysis application where four probe paths were applied to simulate the visual structure that occurs in virtual space, and then the characteristics were analyzed through quantification. In result, in spite of the path with equal space and equal length, significant difference in the acquired quantity of spatial information could be found depending on the probe sequence. On the contrary, it was found that probe direction may not affect the acquired quantity of information and visual property of the space.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.80-92
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• 2009

Natural history museums preserve and manage the creatures living in each country, so they play unique roles for bio-diversity, and in fact, their roles are really instrumental for the collection, preservation, research, exhibition and education of creatures in the 21st century. Therefore, this research has the purpose to survey the status of our country's existing natural history museums, analyze their visual perception space structural characteristics, and ultimately utilize their characteristics as basic data in planning out and designing spaces of natural history museums to be established later on. As for the research scope, the research selected as research subjects 7 natural history museums that currently have composite set of open type and mixed type and have been accommodating comparatively active exhibitions since 2000 among 10 or so natural history museums in our country. Research method is that the research analyzed the exhibition spaces of 7 natural history museums by using depthmap program which can analyze space with visual graph analysis function, and analyzed the visibility among unit areas by each natural history museum integration and exhibition contents composition. In such analysis method, the research was able to quantitatively analyze the visual characteristics of exhibition space that induces and adjusts the motion of audience. Visual perception quantitative analysis as in this research will enhance exhibition design by considering the correlation between audience and exhibited items when planning out natural history museums space to be established later on.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.63-69
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• 2012

n개의 정점으로 구성된 화랑 P에 대한 최대 이동 경비원 수는 단순 다각형은 ${\lfloor}n/4{\rfloor}$, 직각 다각형은 ${\lfloor}(3n+4)/16{\rfloor}$이며, 최소 경비원수를 구하는 다항시간 알고리즘은 알려져 있지 않아 NP-난제 (NP-Hard)이다 . 본 논문은 화랑 문제의 최소 이동 경비원 수를 구하는 다항시간 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 첫 번째로, 모든 정점에서 볼 수 있는 다른 정점으로 간선을 그린 가시성 그래프를 얻는다. 두 번째로 ${\Delta}(G)$인 정점 u와 $N_G(u)$에 있는 ${\Delta}(G)$ 정점 v를 선택하고 가시성 간선과 부속 간선을 삭제한다. 세 번째로, 남아 있는 부분 그래프 각각에 대해 정점 $w_i$를 선택하여 이동 경비원이 위치할 간선을 선택하였다. 제안된 알고리즘을 다양한 단순 다각형과 직각 다각형 화랑 문제에 적용한 결과 선형시간으로 최소 이동 경비원 수를 얻었다.