• 한국가금학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.141-150
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• 1991

국내에서 분리된 CAA의 병아리에 대한 병원성시험과 야외계군에서의 CAA에 대한 항체 보유상황을 조사한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. CAA국내 분리주 89-69를 감수성이 있는 1일령의 SPF병아리에 접종하였을 때 접종 14일 후 심한 빈혈과 흉선 및 Fabricius낭의 위축이 유발되었고 접종계 및 그 동거계에서 CAA가 재분리되었다. 2. CAA분리주 89-69를 유래가 다른 1일령의 SPF 두 계군의 병아리에 각각 근육접종하였을 때 두 계군간 CAA분리주에 대한 감수성의 차이를 보여 주었으며 이는 이 두 계군에서의 CAA에 대한 항체보유율과 관련이 있었다. 3. 간접형광항체반응 시험으로 야외계군에서의 CAA에 대한 항체보유상항을 조사한 결과 39계군중 29계군(74％)이 CAA에 대한 항체를 보유한 것으로 나타났으며 두 SPF계군중 한 SPF계군에서도 항체가 검출되었다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.125-130
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• 2018

이 실험에서 우리는 얌의 기내 비대근 유도와 순화에 영향을 미치는 탄소급원의 효과를 연구하였다. 첫 번째로 기내 비대근 유도를 위한 탄소원의 종류와 농도의 효과를 실험하였다. 7% sucrose처리에서 기내 비대근 유도 효율이 가장 높았으며, glucose처리에서는 기내비대근이 형성되지 않았다. 두 번째로 기내식물체의 순화 후 생존율과 비대근 형성율을 실험하였다. 순화 후 형성된 비대근의 직경(6.1 mm)과 생중량(0.5 g)은 7% sucrose에서 생육한 기내식물체에서 가장 높았다. 저농도(3%)의 sucrose처리에서 생육한 기내식물체의 순화 후 생존율은 100%였으나 식물체의 생육과 발달이 억제되었다. 이러한 결과는 얌의 기내 비대근 형성과 순화를 위해 7% sucrose처리가 적정하며 이러한 기술은 얌의 바이러스 및 병 저항성 클론과 우수 개체의 번식을 위해 적용이 가능하다.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.89-99
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• 1999

To do mass multiplication of plug seedlings in potatoes, apical stem cuttings originated from virus-free microtubers were cut to one-two internodes and transplanted into the plug-tray. After 10days, we applied Chitosan and Wood Extraction on rooting and tuber formation of plug seedlings. To improve field adaptability of plug seedlings, rooted cuttings with a height of 20cm after 20days of cutting were transplanted ito the fields, We applied 500~2000ppm Chitosan on growth characteristics and tuber formation of that. The above and underground growths, such as plant height and number of leaves were significantly more vigorous after treatment with 500~1,000ppm Chitosan and 2,000ppm Wood Extraction, the spray treatment was carried out five times at intervals of four days after ten days of transplanting. T-N, K, P, Mg and Na, were higher as the concentrations of chitosan and Wood Extraction were higher. The growth and tuber yield in plug seedlings planting plot and seed potatoes planting plot were effectively highter as foliar application of Chitosan(500~2,000ppm) was done after planting the plot. T-N content in leaves and tuber was higher as the concentration of Chitosan was high. A similar tendency was shown in K, P and Mg. In the small tuber(under 30g), the number of tubers and tuber yield were relatively increased in the seed potatoes planting plot, but the large tubers(over 80g) yield was higher in the plug seedlings planting plot, and in order to increase tuber yield in plug seedlings it was necessary to add plant density to the field.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권16호
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• pp.6961-6967
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• 2014

Cytokine gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are involved in the genesis and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We hypothesized that combined effects of cytokine gene SNPs and SNP-SNP interactions are associated with HCC risk. Six SNPs in cytokine genes (IL-2, IFN-${\gamma}$, IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, and IL-10) were genotyped in a study of 720 Chinese HCC cases and 784 cancer-free controls. Although none of these SNPs individually had a significant effect on the risk of HCC, we found that the combined effects of these six SNPs may contribute to HCC risk (OR=1.821, 95% CI=1.078-3.075). This risk was pronounced among smokers, drinkers, and hepatitis B virus carriers. A SNP-SNP interaction between IL-2-330 and IFN-${\gamma}$-1615 was associated with an increased HCC risk (OR=1.078, 95% CI=1.022-1.136). In conclusion, combined effects of SNPs and SNP-SNP interactions in cytokine genes may contribute to HCC risk.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.153-157
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• 2012

Purpose: There has been no definite consensus on standard treatment, either local or systemic, for the Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). Radiotherapy (RT) can be a good local therapeutic choice especially in non-AIDS associated KS (NAKS) for its indolent behavior. Materials and Methods: Medical records of 17 KS patients treated with RT at the Seoul National University Hospital from February 1998 to January 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. One human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)+ patient with 3 lesions was excluded. The total number of the lesion was 23 among the 16 patients. The median follow-up period was 27.9 months. Correlation between response and variables was analyzed using the logistic regression model. Median age of the patients was 75 years. All the 23 lesions were located at the extremities. Fourteen (61%) of those had pain or local swelling as the initial presentation. Ten patients had possible causes of immunodeficiency and were regarded as iatrogenic, and other 6 were classic KS. Median dose of RT was 36 Gy. Results: No KS-related death was observed. Excluding 2 with short-term follow-up only, complete response and partial response were obtained in 2 (9%) and 19 (73%) lesions, respectively. Of those, 3 lesions underwent local progression. Six had out-of-field recurrence after RT. Symptom improvement was achieved in 13 (93%) of 14 patients. Grade 2 skin toxicities were found in 9 lesions but all got improvement after treatment. When divided into responsive and progressive group, free from progression was not related to any of the possible variables. Conclusion: RT is effective in local control of NAKS resulting great response rate.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.64-70
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• 2018

Objectives: In most countries around the world, sex work is an illegal activity. Female sex workers (FSWs) in Iran hide their identities, and they are known to be a hard-to-reach population. Despite free access to HIV testing, fewer than half of FSWs receive HIV testing. The purpose of this study was to characterize the reasons for which FSWs do not seek testing at drop-in centers (DICs) and voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) centers in Iran. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted in 2016. The participants were 24 FSWs who received services at VCT centers and DICs for vulnerable females in the north of Iran and 9 males who were the clients of FSWs. In this study, we made use of purposive sampling and carried out a thematic analysis. Results: We found 4 major and 6 minor themes. The major themes were: fear of being infected (with HIV), stigma, indifference, and knowledge. Conclusions: Despite the significant efforts made by the government of Iran to establish and expand DICs for vulnerable females, the number of FSWs receiving services at these centers has not been very considerable. Consequently, by introducing and implementing training programs for peer groups, it may be possible to take steps toward establishing strategic programs for the control and prevention of HIV/AIDS.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.177-184
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• 2009

우수한 생균제를 개발하기 위하여 안전성이 알려진 유산균을 대상으로 인체의 분변으로부터 300여 균주를 분리하고 내산성, 내담즙성, 내열성, 항균력, 항암 및 항바이러스 효과를 가지는 균주들을 선발하여 생균제 특성을 나타내는지를 알아보기 위해 본 실험을 수행하였다. 인체에서 분리한 여러 균주 중 Miny-148 균주는 낮은 pH 및 높은 담즙산에 대한 내성, 열처리에 대한 열안정성을 지녀 기초적인 probiotic 특성을 가진 균주로 선발되어, Lactobacillus pentosus (99.9% 상동성)로 동정되었다. 항균력 실험에서 Escherichia coli O157:H7을 비롯한 Shigella flexneri, Bacillus anthracis, Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, Vibrio cholerae, V. vulnificus, Salmonella typhimurium, 그리고 및 methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) 균주 8종 등 총 16종의 병원성세균을 억제하였다. 또한 Miny-148은 결장암 세포인 HT-29 cell을 억제하였을 뿐 아니라, transmissible gastroenteritis virus의 생육을 저해하여 세포변성 억제효과를 가진 우수한 probiotic 특성을 지닌 균주로 분석되었다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.603-614
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• 2002

Human gingival fibroblasts have proven to useful as a species specific cell culture system in various system on periodontal disease and regeneration. However, their use is limited, since they are hard to obtain and lifespan is short due to replicative senescence. To overcome these disadvantages, we transfected primary human gingival fibroblasts by the E6 and E7 genes of the Human papilloma virus(HPV) 16. The full length of HPV 16 E6 and E7 was cloned from the pBR322 into BamHl and Sal I of a pBabe vector including hygromycin B resistance. Before pBabeE6/E7 plasmid transfection, peak 8 GFP including G418 resistance was transfected into primary GF to check the transfection efficency. PBabe E6/E7 plasmid was transfected using Lipofectamine plus following manufacter's instruction into primary normal human gingival fibroblasts in 60mm dishes with FBS free DMEM. After 2 days of transfection, the cells were treated with hygromycin for 2 weeks until the transfected control cells died. The resulting hygromycin resistant colonies were pooled, and clonned, and sucessful　transfection was established for immortalized gingival fibroblast cell lines. Immoralized GF cells showed stellate shape, that is similar to that of orange grains, and more rapid growth and higher proliferation than that of primary gingival fibroblasts. This cell lines overcame crisis and could be cultured over 30 subcultured, could be use for three dimentional culture, epithelial-mesenchymal interaction study.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제23권12호
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• pp.1747-1756
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• 2013

The aim of this paper was to study the effect of spent medium recycle on Spodoptera exigua Se301 cell line proliferation, metabolism, and baculovirus production when grown in batch suspension cultures in Ex-Cell 420 serum-free medium. The results showed that the recycle of 20% of spent medium from a culture in mid-exponential growth phase improved growth relative to a control culture grown in fresh medium. Although both glucose and glutamine were still present at the end of the growth phase, glutamate was always completely exhausted. The pattern of the specific glucose and lactate consumption and production rates, as well as the specific glutamine and glutamate consumption rates, suggests a metabolic shift at spent medium recycle values of over 60%, with a decrease in the efficiency of glucose utilization and an increase in glutamate consumption to fuel energy metabolism. Baculovirus infection provoked a change in the metabolic pattern of Se301 cells, although a beneficial effect of spent medium recycle was also observed. Both growth rate and maximum viable cell density decreased relative to uninfected cultures. The efficiency of glucose utilization was dramatically reduced in those cultures containing the lowest percentages of spent medium, whereas glutamine and glutamate consumption was modulated, thereby suggesting that infected cells were devoted to virus replication, retaining their ability to incorporate the nutrients required to support viral replication. Recycle of 20% of spent medium increased baculovirus production by around 90%, thus showing the link between cell growth and baculovirus production.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.365-372
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• 2008

Objectives : There are very few researches on North Korea's academic activities. Furthermore, it is doubtful that the available data are reliable. This study investigated research activities and knowledge structure in the field of Preventive Medicine in North Korea with a network analysis using co-authors and keywords. Methods : The data was composed of the North Korean Journal of preventive medicine ranged from Vol. 1 of 1997 to Vol. 4 of 2006. It was the matrix of 1,172 articles by 1,567 co-authors. We applied R procedure for keywords abstraction, and then sought for the outcome of network forms by spring-KK and shrinking network. Results : To comprehend the whole networks explicitly demonstrated that the academic activities in North Korea s preventive medicine were predisposed to centralization as similar as South Korea's, but on the other aspect they were prone to one-off intermittent segmentation. The principal co-author networks were formulated around some outstanding medical universities seemingly in addition to possible intervention by major researchers. The knowledge structure of network was based on experimentation judging from keywords such as drug, immunity, virus detection, infection, bacteria, anti-inflammation, etc. Conclusions : Though North Korea is a socialist regime, there were network of academic activities, which were deemed the existence of inducive mechanism affordable for free research. Article keywords has laid greater emphasis on experiment-based bacterial defection, sustainable immune system and prevention of infection. The kind of trend was a consistent characteristic in preventive medicine of North Korea haying close correlation with Koryo medical science.