• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.192-194
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• 2008

A 15-month-old, intact male, domestic short hair cat was presented with ataxia, protrusion of the right third eyelid, and anorexia. Clinical signs were firstly noted after ear cleaning at home. Symptoms of the Homer's syndrome were evident. However, postural and proprioceptive reaction deficits were not detected on neurologic examination. Otoscopic examination revealed foreign body in right ear canal. A diagnosis of peripheral vestibular syndrome was made based on results of physical examination including neurologic and otic examination, blood work, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Based on these examinations, the present patient was definitely diagnosed as otitis medial interna induced by foreign body. The vestibular signs were resolved 10 days after removal of cotton tips in right ear canal. This case report indicates that home-care cotton swab can iatrogenically induce otitis media/interna in cats.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.56 no.5
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• pp.521-525
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• 2018

Rodents are well-known reservoirs and vectors of many emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases, but little is known about their role in zoonotic disease transmission in Bhutan. In this study, a cross-sectional investigation of zoonotic disease pathogens in rodents was performed in Chukha district, Bhutan, where a high incidence of scrub typhus and cases of acute undifferentiated febrile illness had been reported in people during the preceding 4-6 months. Twelve rodents were trapped alive using wire-mesh traps. Following euthanasia, liver and kidney tissues were removed and tested using PCR for Orientia tsutsugamushi and other bacterial and rickettsial pathogens causing bartonellosis, borreliosis, human monocytic ehrlichiosis, human granulocytic anaplasmosis, leptospirosis, and rickettsiosis. A phylogenetic analysis was performed on all rodent species captured and pathogens detected. Four out of the 12 rodents (33.3%) tested positive by PCR for zoonotic pathogens. Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Bartonella grahamii, and B. queenslandensis were identified for the first time in Bhutan. Leptospira interrogans was also detected for the first time from rodents in Bhutan. The findings demonstrate the presence of these zoonotic pathogens in rodents in Bhutan, which may pose a risk of disease transmission to humans.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.202-206
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• 2008

An 8-year-old, castrated male Shih-tzu was referred due to relapsing pododermatitis and generalized pruritus. On physical examination, right forepaw showed swelling and serosanguinous exudates from sinus tract on dorsal paw. There were no remarkable findings on complete blood count (CBC), serum chemistry, and radiologic examination. On cytological examination of exudates from sinus tract, phagocyted bacteria and numerous degenerative neutrophils were noted. Results of deep skin scraping and plucking hair examination were unremarkable. Skin biopsy was performed and ruled out other skin diseases. Histopathology showed epidermal hyperplasia and diffuse mononuclear cell inflammation in dermal layer. Moreover, pyogranulomatous inflammation was demonstrated in subcutaneous layer. This case was clinically diagnosed as pododermatitis secondary to atopic dermatitis (AD). Clinical signs of pododermatitis were gradually improved following topical application of tacrolimus 0.1% ointment. This case report describes that tacrolimus ointment can be applicable for the treatment of refractory pododermatitis.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.771-781
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• 2018

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the major pathogens causing bovine mastitis and foodborne diseases associated with dairy products. To determine the genetic relationships between human and bovine or bovine isolates of S. aureus, various molecular methods have been used. Previously we developed an rpoB sequence typing (RSTing) method for molecular differentiation of S. aureus isolates and identification of RpoB-related antibiotic resistance. In this study, we performed spa typing and RSTing with 84 isolates from mastitic cows (22 farms, 72 cows, and 84 udders) and developed a molecular prophage typing (mPPTing) method for molecular epidemiological analysis of bovine mastitis. To compare the results, human isolates from patients (n = 14) and GenBank (n = 166) were used for real and in silico RSTing and mPPTing, respectively. Based on the results, RST10-2 and RST4-1 were the most common rpoB sequence types (RSTs) in cows and humans, respectively, and most isolates from cows and humans clearly differed. Antibiotic resistance-related RSTs were not detected in the cow isolates. A single dominant prophage type and gradual evolution through prophage acquisition were apparent in most of the tested farms. Thus, RSTing and mPPTing are informative, simple, and economic methods for molecular epidemiological analysis of S. aureus infections.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.308-313
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• 2006

This study was performed to monitor the level of serum canine parvovirus(CPV) antibody titers in adult dogs throughout the Korea from January 2003 to April 2004. A total of clinically healthy 885 dogs between 1 year and 17 years old were included in this study. Serum antibody titers against CPV were measured by means of hemagglutination inhibition(HI) titers at the time dogs were brought to the hospital for revaccination. Most of dogs had been primarily vaccinated or previously revaccinated. Dogs were grouped by age, breed, sex, and primary vaccination and revaccination to determine whether these factors were associated with antibody titers. Serum CPV titers ${\geq}80$ were considered protective. Protective antibodies against CPV were present in 95.0% of the population. Breed, age, and primary vaccination and revaccination were not significantly associated with serum CPV antibody titers. But sex was significantly associated with CPV antibody titers. The results of this study have shown that there is a need to reconsider the annual revaccination strategy against CPV infection.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.1750-1755
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• 2010

The MLVA assay is known to have a high ability to identify and discriminate Brucella species, so that it can be used as an epidemiological tool to discriminate Brucella isolates originating from restricted geographic sources. In this study, the genetic profiles of 38 B. abortus isolates from humans were analyzed and compared with genotypes from animal isolates in South Korea. As a result, it was found that they did not show high genetic diversity and were compacted. They were clustered together with animal isolates, showing a significant correlation to regional distributions. With its ability to prove a significant genetic correlation among B. abortus isolates from animals and humans in South Korea, the MLVA assay could be utilized as part of a program to control and eradicate brucellosis, one of the major zoonoses. This study represents the first data of genetic correlation of B. abortus isolates from humans and animals in South Korea.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.57 no.11
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• pp.32.1-32.8
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• 2015

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is considered to be one of the main constraints to enhancing the productivity of goats and sheep in regions where it is present and becoming endemic. PPR was recognized in Pakistan in early 1990s but got importance during the Participatory Disease Surveillance (PDS) of Rinderpest Eradication Campaign. Lot of research work has been initiated during last decade towards disease epidemiology, risk factor recognition, laboratory diagnosis, vaccination and demonstration of control strategies. Although there are ongoing projects working towards the progressive control of the disease in country yet there is need to have a national level control program for PPR. Also there is need to have comprehensive social economic surveys, disease hot spot recognition and identification of role of other species in disease transmission. With combined efforts of local and national authorities and political will, there is high likelihood that this devastating disease can be controlled and eventually eradicated in near future.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.235-238
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• 2015

This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology of canine ophthalmic diseases in Seoul, Korea using data for new canine patients examined from January 2009 through December 2013 at an ophthalmic referral center (WooSung Animal Medical Center, Seoul). The study included 1253 dogs with an average age of 7.93 years (SD, 4.06). Shih Tzu (29.4%) was the most common breed, followed by Maltese, Yorkshire Terrier, Cocker Spaniel, and toy Poodle (P < 0.01). Lens diseases (28.3%) were the most common, followed by eyelid, corneal, retinal, and glaucomatous diseases (P < 0.01). Lens, eyelid, retinal, nasolacrimal, uveal, vitreous, and neuro-ophthalmic diseases more frequently showed a bilateral occurrence (P < 0.01) than a unilateral occurrence. In the Shih Tzu breed, corneal disease was the most frequent, followed by lens, eyelid, retinal, and glaucomatous diseases. The most frequent diseases in the Maltese breed were lens, eyelid, retinal, and corneal diseases. In the Yorkshire Terrier, Cocker Spaniel, and toy Poodle breeds, lens disease was the most common (P < 0.01). The most frequent ophthalmic patients belonged to small breeds such as Shih Tzu, Maltese, and Yorkshire Terrier. Moreover, the most common ophthalmic diseases were not traumatic diseases, but breed-inherited diseases such as lens diseases.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.411-414
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• 2017

Antimicrobial resistance and emerging infectious diseases, including avian influenza, Ebola virus disease, and Zika virus disease have significantly affected humankind in recent years. In the premodern era, no distinction was made between animal and human medicine. However, as medical science developed, the gap between human and animal science grew deeper. Cooperation among human, animal, and environmental sciences to combat emerging public health threats has become an important issue under the One Health Initiative. Herein, we presented the history of One Health, reviewed current public health threats, and suggested opportunities for the field of public health through better understanding of the One Health paradigm.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.293-297
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• 1997

Studies were designed to study the peri-parturient rise in strongyle faecal egg counts (FEC) in ewes grazing in a rubber plantation in North Sumatra, Indonesia. In three consecutive lambing seasons strongyle FEC of peri-parturient ewes and dry ewes were monitored from 2 to 3 weeks before lambing until 7 to 9 weeks post lambing to measure the magnitude and duration of the peri-parturient rise. A significant rise in FEC was observed during the post-parturient period in two of the three studies. FEC increased in the three studies from lambing day, and were elevated until 5 to 9 weeks following lambing. Lactating ewes shed on average 3 times more eggs than dry ewes. Lactating ewes were therefore considered as an important source of pasture infection. These findings are discussed in relation to the epidemiology and control of gastrointestinal nematodes in the humid tropics.