• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.32-35
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• 1999

During the course of studying the helminth fauna from the fishes of the Korean coastal waters, two bucephalid species, Dolichoenterum longissimum Ozaki, 1924 and Prosorhynchus aculeatus Odhner, 1905, were collected from the alimentary canal of the conger eel, Conger myriaster. D. longissimum was characterized by having the ovary between the testes, and 7-8 horn-like projections on the ventral side of rhynchus. P. aculeatus was distinguished from the other species by the location of the mouth or the opening position of the excretory vesicle. These two bucephalid digeneans are new to the Korean fauna.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.175-178
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• 2005

Butyl $\rho$-hydroxybenzoic acid (butyl paraben, BP) is a homologous series of parabens and is widely used as a preservative in cosmetic and pharmaceutical products. The purpose of this study was to investigate the estrogenic/antiandrogenic activities of BP in animals. For that, we performed an uterotrophic assay and a Hershberger assay in rats. In uterotrophic assay, BP was administered subcutaneously to immature female SD rats (18 days old) for 3 consecutive days. The wet and dry uterus weights were significantly increased in the groups treated with BP in dose­dependent manner. In case of Hershberger assay, BP significantly reduced the weight of seminal vesicle of castrated rats. And other accessory organ/glands - prostate, Cowper's glands, bulbocavernosus muscle and glans penis were also slightly decreased. The results of this study suggested that BP showed estrogenic and anti-androgenic activities in vivo.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.73-76
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• 1990

A search for presence of Versicular-Arbuscular endomycorrhiza was attempted using 6-year-old Panax ginseng roots. Hyphae without septum, and vesicles were observed in the cortex of fine roots of Panax ginseng. Brown chlamydospores with thick wall were found in the soil of root zone and it is classified as Glomus sp.

• BMB Reports
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• v.50 no.12
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• pp.597-598
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• 2017

Mitochondria have evolutionarily, functionally and structurally distinct outer- (OMM) and inner-membranes (IMM). Thus, mitochondrial morphology is controlled by independent but coordinated activity of fission and fusion of the OMM and IMM. Constriction and division of the OMM are mediated by endocytosis-like machineries, which include dynamin-related protein 1 with additional cytosolic vesicle scissoring machineries such as actin filament and Dynamin 2. However, structural alteration of the IMM during mitochondrial division has been poorly understood. Recently, we found that the IMM and the inner compartments undergo transient and reversible constriction prior to the OMM division, which we termed CoMIC, ${\underline{C}}onstriction$ ${\underline{o}}f$ ${\underline{M}}itochondrial$ ${\underline{I}}nner$ ${\underline{C}}ompartment$. In this short review, we further discuss the evolutionary perspective and the regulatory mechanism of CoMIC during mitochondrial division.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.165-170
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• 2017

Gas vesicles are intracellular gas-filled protein-shelled nanocompartments. The structures are spindle or cylinder-shaped, and typically $0.1{\sim}2{\mu}m$ in length and 45~250 nm in width. A variety of prokaryotes including photosynthetic bacteria and halophilic archaea form gas vesicles in their cytoplasm. Gas vesicles provide cell buoyancy as flotation devices in aqueous habitats. They are used as nanoscale molecular reporters for ultrasound imaging for biomedical purposes. The structures in halophilic archaea are poorly resolved due to the low signal-to-noise ratio from the high salt concentration in the medium. Such a limitation can be overcome using focused ion beam-thinning or inelastically scattered electrons. As the concentric bodies (~200 nm in diameter) in fungi possess gas-filled cores, it is possible that the concept of gas vesicles could be applied to eukaryotic microbes beyond prokaryotes.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.29-38
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• 1995

The fine structure of the hemocytes in Wolf spider, Pardosa astrigera, is discribed and compared with that of similar cells in other spider species and insects. Five hemocyte types are identified in the hemolymph: prohemocyte, plasmatocyte, granulocyte, spherulocyte and adipohemocyte. Prohemocytes are small with a relatively undifferentiated cytoplasm. The nucleus is comparatively large and has a perinuclear space. Plasmatocytes and granulocytes are pinocytotic function in the hemolymph of the body. The plasmatocytes have some coated pits on the plasma membrane and well developed Golgi complex, The granulocytes appear sequence of events in the formation of coated vesicle from a coated pit on its plasma membrane. Golgi complex become well expressed and give rise to small secretory vesicles which fuse to large bodies. The spherulocytes are larger in cell size than other hemocytes. Their cytoplasm is filled with spherules. The spherules contain the floccurent materials and the helical structured materials, which are 220nm in length and 80nm in width. The adipohemocytes are oval shaped and have a number of lipid droplets.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.113-119
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• 2000

Lipophilic glandular trichomes form secretory vesicles that accumulate in a distended noncellular secretory cavity . Imidazole-buffered osmium tetroxide solution was used to visualize unsaturated lipids in glands of Cannabis sativa. This method of staining revealed two kinds of secretory vesicles in the cavity of glands. Some smaller and rounded vesicles in the secretory cavity and secretory cells were positively stained with the imidazole, and they appeared electron-dense. The other type of vesicles which have bigger sizes more or less were not reacted, however, they appeared transparent. A high contrast of the cuticles which cover the gland was also strongly reacted with that processing. Those result suggest that the dark vesicles in the cavity may contribute to enlarge the subcuticular wall and cuticle when contents of these vesicles are dispersed into wall.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.371-378
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• 2012

Notch signaling plays fundamental roles in various animal development. It has been suggested that Hr-Notch, a Notch homologue in the ascidian Halocynthia roretzi, is involved in the formation of peripheral neurons by suppressing the neural fates and promoting the epidermal differentiation. However, roles of Notch signaling remain controversial in the formation of nervous system in ascidian embryos. To precisely investigate functions of Notch signaling, we have isolated and characterized Hr-Numb, a Numb homologue which is a negative regulator of Notch signaling, in H. roretzi. Maternal expression of Hr-Numb mRNAs was detected in egg cytoplasm and the transcripts were inherited by the animal blastomeres. Its zygotic expression became evident by the early neurula stage and the transcripts were detected in dorsal neural precursor cells. Suppression of Hr-Numb function by an antisense morpholino oligonucleotide resulted in larvae with defect in brain vesicle and palps formation. Similar results have been obtained by overexpression of the constitutively activated Hr-Notch forms. Therefore, these results suggest that Hr-Numb is involved in Notch signaling during ascidian embryogenesis.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.203-207
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• 1996

One kind of fungus was isolated and identified from comtaminated red-ginseng in order to give fundermental data for improving hygienic quality of ginseng product. The isolated strain was identified as Aspergillus sp. Hyphae of the strain had septum structrue. The strain showed vesicle and sterigmata structure which were typical characteristics of Aspergillus species. The growth of the strain was slightly inhibited by sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate at a concentration of 0.05%. The strain showed no growth at 4.0% potassium sorbate. The isolated stain Aspergillus sp. showed no significant degradation in the presence of red-ginseng saponins.

• ALGAE
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.77-90
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• 2005

Eight species of Sargassum subgenus Bactrophycus section Teretia were collected from the coasts of Korea: S. confusum C. Agardh, S. pallidum (Turner) C. Agardh, S. muticum (Yendo) Fensholt, S. thunbergii (Mertens ex Roth) Kuntze, S. fulvellum (Turner) C. Agardh, S. hemiphyllum (Turner) C. Agardh, S. nipponicum Yendo, and S. miyabei Yendo. These species were investigated on morphological variations and geographical distribution in Korea. The valuable taxonomic characters between similar species of this section were discussed with special reference to thickness of leaves, types of holdfasts, shape of leaves and vesicle, and length of rhizoids.