• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.247-254
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• 2016

Cytological changes of the epithelial cells according to the developmenatal phases of the seminal vesicle related to the spermatogenic stages in the testicular lobules during spermagenesis in male Neptunea (Barbitonia) cumingii (Gastropoda: Buccinidae) were investigated monthly by electron microscopical and histological observations. N. (B) cumingii is dioecious, and an internal fertilization species. The male genital organ is located near the tentacles. The spermatozoon is approximatley $50{\mu}m$ in length. The axoneme of the tail flagellum consists of nine pairs of microtubles at the periphery and one pair at the center. The process of germ cell development during spermatogenesis can be divided into five succesive stages: (1) spermatogonia, (2) primary spermatocytes, (3) secondary spermatocytes, (4) spermatids, and (5) spermatozoa. A considerable amount of spermatozoa make their appearance in the testicular lobules (or acini) and some of them are tranported from the testis towards the seminal vesicles until late July. In this study, the developmental phases of the epithelial cells of the seminal vesicles of N. (B.) cumingii could be classified into four phases: (1) S-I phase (resting), (2) S-IIphase (early accumulating), (3) S-III phase (accumulating), and (4) S-IV phase (spent). However, in case of N. (B.) arthritica cumingii, the developmental phases of the seminal vesicle were devided into three phases: (1) resting, (2) accumulating and (3) spent. Granular bodies in the inner layer of the seminal vesicles are involved in resorption of digestion of residual spermatozoa.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.252-255
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• 2009

동측의 신무형성증과 동반된 정낭낭종은 드문 질환이며, 대부분 선천성이지만 2/3에서 신형성부전이나 신무형성증과 연관이 있다. 대부분 10대에서 30대에 걸쳐 증상이 발현되며 배뇨시 통증이나 빈뇨, 회음부 통증, 고환이나 부고환염, 사정 후 동통이나 고환 통증이 주된 증상으로 불임이 동반되기도 한다. 무증상의 환자에서 우연히 직장 수지 검사를 통해 발견되기도 한다. 저자들은 산전 초음파상 다낭성 신이형성증 소견을 보여 초음파를 시행하였던 우측 신무형성증 및 좌측에 경미한 수신증 소견을 보였던 영아에서 추적 관찰 중 동측에 정낭낭종 소견을 관찰하였기에 보고하는 바이다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.313-322
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• 2020

Eukaryotes transport biomolecules between intracellular organelles and between cells and the environment via vesicle trafficking. Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNARE proteins) play pivotal roles in vesicle and membrane trafficking. These proteins are categorized as Qa, Qb, Qc, and R SNAREs and form a complex that induces vesicle fusion for targeting of vesicle cargos. As the core components of the SNARE complex, the SNAP25 Qbc SNAREs perform various functions related to cellular homeostasis. The Arabidopsis thaliana SNAP25 homolog AtSNAP33 interacts with Qa and R SNAREs and plays a key role in cytokinesis and in triggering innate immune responses. However, other Arabidopsis SNAP25 homologs, such as AtSNAP29 and AtSNAP30, are not well studied; this includes their localization, interactions, structures, and functions. Here, we discuss three biological functions of plant SNAP25 orthologs in the context of AtSNAP33 and highlight recent findings on SNAP25 orthologs in various plants. We propose future directions for determining the roles of the less well-characterized AtSNAP29 and AtSNAP30 proteins.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.165-169
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• 2015

N-propyl-N,N-dimethylethanolamine의 용액을 만들기 위해 산성 조건 하에서 6분간 초음파처리하여 제조하였다. N-propyl-N,N-dimethylethanolamine 의 촉매 가수분해는 온도 $30{\sim}55^{\circ}C$에서 uni-lamellar vesicle과 uni-lamellar와 multi-lamellar가 뭉쳐진 혼합물에서 연구되었다. 이들의 차이는 촉매효과에 대해 multi-lamellar보다 uni-lamellar에서 영향이 크게 나타났다. Vesicle의 상전이 온도는 $37{\sim}44^{\circ}C$이며, multi-lamellar의 분자 입자의 크기는 uni-lamellar의 입자의 크기보다 크게 나타 났다.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.106-111
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• 2003

저자들은 발열과 급성 음낭증으로 내원한 4개월 남아에서 요로감염과 급성 부고환염을 진단한 뒤 시행한 배뇨중 방광요도 조영술상, 요도의 폐쇄가 없이도 방광요관 역류와 요도정낭 역류가 함께 존재하는 증례를 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. 또한 영아에서 급성 부고환염이 의심될 때 요로계 영상검사를 반드시 실시하여 신손상이나 불임으로 진행할 수 있는 조건들이 있는 지 살펴 볼 것을 제안하는 바이다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제34권11호
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• pp.3223-3226
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• 2013

Spherical phospholipid-bilayers, vesicles, were prepared using the layer-by-layer double emulsion technique, which allows the bilayer to be formed asymmetrically. On the outer layer of the vesicles, the phospholipase D (PLD) reacted to convert phosphatidylcholine (PC) to phosphatidic acid (PA). The reaction induced the curvature change of the vesicles, which eventually led to rupture. The response time from the time of PLD injection to the time of rupture was measured against different vesicle curvatures and the outer layer phase, using the fluorescence intensity change of a pH-sensitive dye encapsulated within the vesicles. The effect of the vesicle curvature on the response was observed to be more significantly dramatic at the solid phase, compared to the liquid phase. Furthermore, in the solid phase, the response time was faster for 80 and 155 nm vesicles and, slower for 605 nm vesicles than similarly sized vesicles in the liquid phase vesicles. This difference in the response time was thought to result from the configuration determined by the phase difference and the PLD behavior.

• BMB Reports
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.561-566
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• 1999

CA(1-8)-ME(1-12) [CA-ME], composed of cecropin A(1-8) and melittin(1-12), is a synthetic antimicrobial peptide having potent antibacterial and antitumor activities with minimal hemolytic activity. In order to investigate the effects of the flexible hinge sequence, Gly-Ile-Gly, of CA-ME on antibiotic activity, CA-ME and three analogues, CA-ME1, CA-ME2, and CA-ME3, were synthesized. The Gly-Ile-Gly sequence of Ca-ME was deleted in CA-ME1 and replaced with Pro and Gly-Pro-Gly in CA-ME2 and CA-ME3, respectively. CA-ME1 and CA-ME3 showed a significant decrease in antitumor activity and phospholipid vesicle-disrupting ability. However, CA-ME2 showed similar antitumor and vesicle-disrupting activities, as compared with CA-ME. These results suggest that the flexibility or ${\beta}$-turn induced by Gly-Ile-Gly or Pro in the central part of CA-ME may be important in the electrostatic interaction of the N-terminus cationic ${\alpha}$-helical region with the cell membrane surface and the hydrophobic interaction of the C-terminus amphipathic ${\alpha}$-helical region with the hydrophobic acyl chains in the cell membrane. CA-ME3 exhibited lower antitumor and vesicle-disrupting activities than CA-ME and CA-ME2. This result suggests that the excessive ${\beta}$-turn structure caused by the Gly-Pro-Gly sequence in CA-ME3 seems to interrupt ion channel/pore formation in the lipid bilayer. We concluded that the appropriate flexibility or bilayer. We concluded that the appropriate flexibility or ${\beta}$-turn structure provided by the central hinge is responsible for the effective antibiotic activity of the antimicrobial peptides with the helix-hinge-helix structure.

• 한국동물번식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물번식학회 2003년도 학술발표대회 발표논문초록집
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• pp.61-61
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• 2003

We have investigated the novel function of tissue transglutaminase (tTG) in the germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) of mouse oocyte. tTG was identified in ooplasm and germinal vesicle by immunostaining assay. Spontaneous maturation of the oocytes elevated in situ activity of tTG by over 2.5 fold at 3 hr, which was determined by a confocal microscopic assay. However, incubation with monodansylcadaverine (MDC), a tTG inhibitor, blocked the activation of tTG. The possible role of tTG in GVBD was investigated by the use of two tTG inhibitors, MDC and cystamine. MDC largely inhibited the GVBD by a concentration dependent manner. GV-stage oocytes were matured to the GVBD stage by 78% at 3 hr in BWW culture medium. However, in the oocytes incubated with MDC for 3 hr, the GVBD rates were 43 and 11% by 50 and 100 mM, respectively. MDC also blocked the entry of 70 kDa TRITC-dextran from the ooplasm to the compartment of germinal vesicle, indicating a possible inhibition of nuclear pore disassembly by MDC. The role of tTG in GVBD was further investigated by microinjection with cystamine. The control oocytes, injected with DPBS, showed about 80 % of GVBD at 3 hr. But the oocytes injected with cystamine showed 15% of GVBD at 3 hr and a little higher rate at 6 hr. In addition, the inhibition of GVBD maturation by MDC was reversible by washing. These results suggested that tTG was involved in the early event of mouse oocyte maturation

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.19-29
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• 2012

The ultrastructural characteristics of germ cell differentiations during spermatogenesis and mature sperm morphology in male $Atrina$ ($Servatrina$) $pectinata$ were evaluated via transmission electron microscopic observation. The accessory cells, which contained a large quantity of glycogen particles and lipid droplets in the cytoplasm, are assumed to be involved in nutrient supply for germ cell development. Morphologically, the sperm nucleus and acrosome of this species are ovoid and conical in shape, respectively. The acrosomal vesicle, which is formed by two kinds of electron-dense or lucent materials, appears from the base to the tip: a thick and slender elliptical line, which is composed of electron-dense opaque material, appears along the outer part (region) of the acrosomal vesicle from the base to the tip, whereas the inner part (region) of the acrosomal vesicle is composed of electron-lucent material in the acrosomal vesicle. Two special characteristics, which are found in the acrosomal vesicle of A. ($S$) $pectinata$ in Pinnidae (subclass Pteriomorphia), can be employed for phylogenetic and taxonomic analyses as a taxonomic key or a significant tool. The spermatozoa were approximately $45-50{\mu}m$ in length, including a sperm nucleus (about $1.43{\mu}m$ in length), an acrosome (about $0.51{\mu}m$ in length), and a tail flagellum (about $46-47{\mu}m$). The axoneme of the sperm tail evidences a 9+2 structure.

• 공업화학
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.545-551
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• 2020

인지질과 세라마이드 간 상호적 자가회합 특성을 활용하여 수화 액정형 베시클 제조를 시도하였다. 인지질과 세라마이드의 혼합지질에 에지 액티베이터를 첨가하면 난용성의 세라마이드를 고 함량으로 함유하는 베시클 제조가 가능하였다. 본 연구에서는 인지질, 세라마이드, 에지 액티베이터의 혼합 조성에 따른 수화 액정상의 구조적, 열적 특성 등의 변화를 관측하고, 혼합 조성을 달리하여 만든 베시클의 입자크기 및 베시클 분산액의 안정성을 비교하였다. 실험 결과, 인지질과 세라마이드 간 혼합에서 세라마이드 비율을 최대 70%까지 늘려서, 베시클 분산액 전체 대비 세라마이드를 3.5 wt% 함유되는 제형을 제조할 수 있었다.