• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2004년도 하계학술발표 논문집
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• pp.202-202
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• 2004

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2005년도 하계학술발표대회
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• pp.149-149
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• 2005

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1480-1486
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• 2011

지하철 승강장의 스크린도어가 설치되기 전에는 승강장을 통해 환기되던 공기가 스크린 도어가 설치된 후에는 터널 내부에 정체되면서 미세먼지에 의한 환경이 더 악화되고 있는 실정이며, 터널환기구가 터널에 정체된 공기의 유일한 순환구로 이용되고 있다. 스크린 도어는 기존 터널환기시스템을 설계할 때 고려되었던 사안은 아니었으며, 지하철 운행 시 스크린도어 설치로 인한 지하 터널 속에서의 공기역학적 변화는 매우 클 것이다. 그러나 지하철이 통과하는 공간인 터널환기에 대한 연구는 미미한 수준이다. 이에 열차가 지하 터널 구간을 운행할 때 발생하는 열차풍에 의한 기류속도를 측정하고, 전철구간의 자연 환기구를 통한 기류의 유입 및 유출 특성을 정량적으로 평가하여 대표적인 기류패턴을 추출함으로써 향후 지하 터널 신설 및 환기 설비 설계에 따른 기초 자료를 제공하고자 한다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제34권7호
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• pp.1315-1325
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a closed endotracheal suction system(CES) on oxygen saturation, ventilator associated pneumonia(VAP), and nursing efficacy in mechanically ventilated patients. Method: This study was conducted in the intensive care unit of a University Hospital in Gwangju City. Data was collected from July to October, 2003. Seventy mechanically ventilated patients were randomly divided into two groups; 32 for CES and 38 for open endotracheal suction system(OES) protocol. Twenty one nurses were also involved to examine the nurses' attitude of usefulness about CES. Result: $SaO_2$ was significantly different between CES and OES. The incidence of VAP in CES was lower than that of OES. Nursing efficacy was related to time, cost, and usefulness of the suction system. Time of suctioning in CES was shorter than that of OES. CES also contributed significantly to lower the cost of treatment than OES. The usefulness score of CES increased after 6 months of use. Conclusion: CES prevented VAP, was cost effective, and a safe suctioning system. CES can be used with patients with sensitivity to hypoxygenation and with a high risk of VAP.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.346-354
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• 2017

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common disease that may contribute to morbidity and mortality among trauma patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). This study evaluated the associations between trauma factors and the development of VAP in ventilated patients with multiple rib fractures. Methods: We retrospectively and consecutively evaluated 101 patients with multiple rib fractures who were ventilated and managed at our hospital between January 2010 and December 2015, analyzing the associations between VAP and trauma factors in these patients. Trauma factors included sternal fracture, flail chest, diaphragm injury, traumatic aortic dissection, combined cardiac injury, pulmonary contusion, pneumothorax, hemothorax, hemopneumothorax, abbreviated injury scale score, thoracic trauma severity score, and injury severity score. Results: Forty-six patients (45.5%) had at least 1 episode of VAP, 10 (21.7%) of whom died in the ICU. Of the 55 (54.5%) patients who did not have pneumonia, 9 (16.4%) died in the ICU. Using logistic regression analysis, we found that VAP was associated with severe lung contusion (odds ratio, 3.07; 95% confidence interval, 1.12 to 8.39; p=0.029). Conclusion: Severe pulmonary contusion (pulmonary lung contusion score 6-12) is an independent risk factor for VAP in ventilated trauma patients with multiple rib fractures.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.32-36
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• 2008

Purpose: The major complication of acute organophosphate (OP) poisoning is respiratory failure as a result of cholinergic toxicity. Many clinicians find it difficult to predict the optimal time to initiate mechanical ventilation (MV) weaning, and as a result have tended to provide a prolonged ventilator support period. The purpose of this study is to determine any clinical predictors based on patients characteristics and laboratory findings to assist in the optimal timing of mechanical ventilator weaning. Methods: We reviewed medical and intensive care records of 44 patients with acute OP poisoning who required mechanical ventilation admitted to medical intensive care unit between July 1998 and June 2007. Patient information regarding the poisoning, clinical data and demographic features, APACHE II score, laboratory data, and serial cholinesterase (chE) levels were collected. Base on the time period of MV, the patients were divided into two groups: early group (wean time < 7 days, n = 28) and delayed group (${\geq}$ 7 days, n = 16). Patients were assessed for any clinical characteristics and predictors associated with the MV weaning period. Results: During the study period, 44 patients were enrolled in this study. We obtained the sensitivity and specificity values of predictors in the late weaning group. APACHE II score and a reciprocal convert of hypoxic index but specificity (83.8%) is only APACHE II score. Also, the chE concentration (rho = -0.517, p = 0.026) and APACHE II score (rho = 0.827, p < 0.001) correlated with a longer mechanical ventilation duration. Conclusion: In patients with acute OP poisoning who required mechanical ventilation, the APACHE II scoring system on a point scale of less than 17 and decrements in cholinesterase levels on 1-3 days were good predictors of delayed MV weaning.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2012

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to identify the effect of music therapy on the physiologic index, anxiety and dyspnea of patients who are weaning from mechanical ventilators, and to compare the effects between western and Korean traditional music. Methods: The research format is repeated measures design. The subject group consisted of 21 patients being weaned from mechanical ventilators in a tertiary general hospital in Seoul. Each patient randomly received western music, rest, and Korean traditional music. Western and Korean traditional music were played on an MP3 head phone for 30 minutes. Patients get 30 minutes of rest between the 2 music styles and the rest period. Physiological indices, anxiety and dyspnea were measured before and after patients listened to both styles of music and the rest period. Anxiety and dyspnea were measured with a visual analogue scale. Results: Respiratory rates (RR), rapid shallow breath indexes (RSBI), anxiety and dyspnea decreased, and tidal volume (TV) increased after listening to Western and Korean tradition music in patients weaning from mechanical ventilators. Compared to western music, Korean traditional music yielded significant decreases in RR, RSBI, anxiety and dyspnea, and an increase of TV. Conclusion: Western and Korean traditional music would decrease RR, RSBI, anxiety and dyspnea and increase TV of patients who are weaning from mechanical ventilators. The effects are more pronounced in patients listening to Korean traditional music compared to western music.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.99-104
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• 2014

Recently supply of low energy house is increasing which can enhance energy efficiency and indoor environment comfort. Low energy house have to secure air tightness as well as thermal performance so house become high airtightness and inevitably need heat recovery ventilator to enhance indoor air quality. However, most of current ventilation systems are one-click, controlling the entire space so it causes increasing of heating load and fan power which makes it hard to save energy. Thus, Individual Control system is required which can achieve both enhancing indoor air quality and decreasing heating load and electric fan power. Thereby, in this study, we analyzed the correlation between ventilation and fan power through mock-up experiment and measured ventilation load under individual control system. As a result, under the condition of $24^{\circ}C$ of indoor temperature for 6 month(November to April) in Daejeon, ventilation load by fan speed was $10.9{\sim}19.6kWh/m^2{\cdot}a$ when operated 24 hours and $7.6{\sim}13.7kWh/m^2{\cdot}a$ when operated 12 hours in night time. In addition, it is possible to reduce at most 60% of ventilation load under the individual control system; measured ventilation load was $7.4kWh/m^2{\cdot}a$ when operated 24 hours, and $5.5kWh/m^2{\cdot}$ when operated 12 hours in night time.

• 전자공학회논문지SC
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.42-48
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• 2000

일반적으로 시술자가 환자에게 마취를 할 때에는 매우 주의하여야 한다. 만약 잘못 시행 될 때는 환자는 매우 위험한 상황에 빠지게 된다. 본 논문에서는 잘못 시술이 발생 될 수 있는 몇몇 위험요소들을 사전에 예방하기 위하여 시스템의 정밀성과 사용자의 편리성을 고려하여 구현하는 것을 목표로 하였다. 특히 시스템에서 전자적인 부분은 스위치와 엔코더를 이용하여 사용자 인터페이스에서 조작을 편리하게 하고, 그래픽 액정화면 표시기를 이용하여 환자의 기도압과 이산화탄소 파형을 실시간 모니터링 기능을 구현하였다. 또한 설정값의 정밀한 제어를 위해 기계적인 부분에서 유량 제어 밸브와 유량 센서를 이용하여 피드백 유량 제어 시스템을 구현하였다. 이러한 기술을 개발함으로써 시술자에게 설정치 조작의 편리성과 정확성을 가져다줄 뿐만 아니라 환자의 상태와 여러 가지 변수들의 허용 범위를 넘을 경우 정확하고 신속하게 정보를 알려줌으로서 마취기용 인공 호흡기의 안정성과 신뢰성이 확보될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.118-123
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• 2016

건물에서 화재가 발생했을 때 재실자의 안전한 대피를 위하여 발생되는 연기를 제어하는 것이 중요하다. 화재 연기를 배출하기 위해 설치해야 하는 배연창은 자연배연설비로, 이와 관련한 내용은 건축 관련법에 규정하고 있다. 그러나 현재법 규정에서 배연창에 대해 최소 기준만 제시하고 있고, 그 내용이 구체적이지 않아 건물에 적용할 때 다수의 문제점이 발생하고 있다. 배연창의 설치대상, 설치위치, 유효면적, 제어 및 유지관리 등 여러 부분에서 발생하는 문제들에 대한 개선이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 국내 외 배연창 관련 기준과 선행연구 조사, 현장조사를 통해 현 제도의 문제점을 파악하고 이에 대한 개선방안을 제시하고자 한다.