• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.15-25
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• 2011

This paper is to contribute for management and restoration as a basic study of vegetation structure in Aemirang Hill, Nakdongjeongmaek. To verify the characteristics of vegetation structure, we set up 25 plots($100m^2$). The result of community analysis was used by TWINSPAN classification. The communities were classified 7 types i.e. Quercus variabilis community, Quercus mongolica community, Pinus densiflora community, Pinus densiflora-Quercus mongolica community, Q. mongolica-Quercus variabilis community, Quercus mongolica-Betula davurica community, Larix leptolepis community. Pinus densiflora community and Pinus densiflora-Quercus mongolica community are progressively transforming a Quercus mongolica community that is called Pinus densiflora next succession stage. Whereas the communities that has dominant Quercus variabilis and Quercus mongolica did not appear a next generation succession tree such as Carpinus laxiflora, Carpinus cordata in the under story and shrub layer. Therefore, Aemirang Hill's ecological succession was to maintain the status condition. Aemirang Hill's diversity index is 0.5738 to 0.8906. It were analyzed that diversity index was lower than other places.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.17-26
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• 2005

Ecological corridor is the facility to connect two habitats fragmented by roads, dam, housing and industrial area. Critics of faunal corridors have suggested that they are simply an untested application of unproved island biogeography theory. But, everyone agree that ecological corridor is important useful structural components that help animal movement in fragmented landscapes. There are 52 ecological corridors in Korea. We investigated 43 ecological corridors of these and recorded the size of corridor, planting species, management and growth condition. We compared planting species to nearby exiting vegetation species and structure. We found that there are no considerations for many aspects of planting, for example, planting species, structure, animal migration and behavior, surrounding vegetation etc. Expecially, It was ignored management of plants, difference of surrounding vegetation, lacks of diverse planting species and structure. We suggest planting the native species of tall tree, shrub and ground cover, edge planting for transitional space between road and natural habitat, planting for foraging and breeding of target animal, diverse layer vegetation, and open space of center for rapid animal dispersal.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.153-168
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• 2003

Wangpicheon, which is located in Uljin-Gun, Korea, is threatened with various developments plan recently. To investigate the forest structure, actual vegetation and degree of green naturality(DGN) in Wangpicheon, survey was carried out within about 1km width from the stream. In the analysis of actual vegetation, the forest type around Wangpicheon is differentiated into 26 vegetation ones. In these, six Pinus densiflora - dominated vegetation types are appeared a great many of them. In DGN analysis, 70.8% of total area is covered by DGN 8 and 0.3% of total area is covered by DGN 9. According to the analysis of classification by TWINSPAN, the community was divided by three types of Pinus densiflora community and two types of Quercus spp. community i.e. Quercus mongolica and Q. vuliabitis community. The structure of communities were analyzed using importance percentage, and species and individuals, DBH distribution and similarity analysis were executed.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.519-529
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to provide basic health care data for the climate aspects of park re-cultivation by evaluating air ions according to the type of vegetation in the valley and upper slopes of the mountain park. Simple negative or positive air ions were expected to show the same tendencies, so they were analyzed in terms of correcting the air ion index. By analyzing the air ions according to the topography, it was found that valley > slope in terms of the air ion index. When analyzing air ions according to tree species, we found that evergreen conifers in the valley > the deciduous broad-leaved trees in the valley > the evergreen conifers in the slope = the deciduous broad-leaved trees in the slope. For DBH(Diameter at breast height), the valley large pole > slope large pole > slope medium hard wood, while crown density was analyzed as valley dense > slope dense> valley proper > slope proper. Layered structure analysis showed that the multi-layer structure of the valley > multi-layer structure of the slope = the single-layer structure of the valley > the single-layer structure of the slope. The correlation coefficient was determined according to vegetation type and air ion index in the order of DBH > crown density > layer structure > geomorphic structure. In this study, limits exist except for ridge line, valley, and slopes in urban mountain parks. Therefore, analysis should be made considering both topographical structure and various vegetation types in future studies of air ions.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.159-164
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• 1987

The potential natural vegetation of Seonunsan area, southwestern Korea, was inferred from the actual vegetation. In previous two papers the plant communities of actual vegetation of the area is grouped into nine types; Quercus variabilis, Pinus densiflora, Carpinus tschonoskii, Quercus serrata, Camellia japonica (plantation), Quercus aliena, Pinus thunbergii, Zelkova serrata and Carpinus laxiflora forest. With the analysis of species richness, age structure and various informations on vegetation changes of the plant communities, two paths of late stage succession are suggested in climatic climax starting from Pinus densiflora forest in the area. One is through Quercus variabilis forest to Carpinus laxiflora forest in upper parts of the mountain and the other through Quercus aliena forest to Carpinus tschonoskii forest in lower parts of the mountain. With analysis of actual vegetation and the examination of informations including human activities in the area, the potential natural vegetation of the area was inferred. The potential natural vegetation of the area was mainly composed of Carpinus laxiflora, Carpinus tschonoskii, Pinus densiflora and Zelkova serrata forest. The actual vegetation map and potential natural vegetation map (scale, 1:25, 000) and other results from this study might be the useful data for the protection of natural vegetation and restoration of the current vegetation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.20-26
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• 2000

In order to propose the design and installation information of vegetation belt, field investigation were carried out in the noise pollution control facilities of highway and the streets of a city for two years(1998~1999), and field tests were performed to analyze the noise attenuation effect of them. The noise pollution control facilities were generally classified into three types (noise barrier and vegetation belt type, mounding and vegetation belt type, vegetation belt type only). Most soundproof facilities were proved the noise reduction effects. But according to width, height, structure, auditory distance and planting forms of them, difference of noise reduction effects were investigated. The soundproof facility was suitable the mounding and vegetation belt type in the consideration of road environment, and the installation standard of vegetation was estimated that the width of vegetation was at least 20m and the length of that was 2 times in the distance from noise source.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.1-12
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• 2010

As social environment of Korea was changing, the cremation is increased instead of traditional funeral culture. Therefore woodland burial appears new funeral culture in Korea. This research had been executed to find out the problem of soil and vegetation environments of woodland burial forest. The case study was worked at woodland burial in Incheon Family funeral services which was national pilot project. The problem of soil and vegetation environments were surveyed in slope, soil compaction, actual vegetation, vegetation communities, structure of forest communities and so on. The results from this study indicate that woodland burial construction didn't consider the damage and management of vegetation environment in Incheon Family funeral Services. Problems for the Law on funeral facilities of Korea is a lack of natural friendly standards for slope, management on structure of forest communities, facilities for users in it. It had steep topography, soil compaction, reduction of species diversity and poor plant growth on woodland burial in Incheon Family funeral Services. Therefore the users of it increase in the future, vegetation environment of woodland burial will be devastated. And so we need to improve standards of woodland burial construction and management to settle down burial culture of woodland burial in Korea.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.171-176
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• 1985

The structure of natural vegetation and soil condition in bog area of Woopo, Changnyeung, South Korea were observed. The vegetations in the investigated area could be classified into two groups; a typical bog vegetation with dominant species of Eleocharis mamillats, Acorus calamus and Persicaria hostatosagittata and the transitional vegetation of three neighboring areas. Interspecific correlation in the investigated area was very close. In the typical bog vegetatiion regions (region II, III, V, VI, VII, VIII and X) soil pH, field moisture capacity, available P content and exchangeable K were moderate. But, In the transitiional area I, with the highest humus content, field moisture capacity and exchangeable K Salix gracilistyla was dominant. In the region IV with the lowest humus and a ailable P content and with high soil pH Geophyta was a major component species. Also Acorus region IX with the lowest content of exchangeable K Therophyta was dominant and plant species was diverse due to weak water influence. The vegetation structure of the region IX was most different from that of the whole vegetation.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.661-670
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• 2012

Urban forests provide great ecosystem services to population in metropolitan areas even though they occupy little green space in a huge gray landscape. Unfortunately, urbanization inherently results in threatening the green infrastructure, and the recent urbanization trends drew great attention of scientists and policy makers on how to preserve or restore green infrastructure in metropolitan area. For this reason, mapping the spatial distribution of the green infrastructure is important in urban environments since the resulting map helps us identify hot green spots and set up long term plan on how to preserve or restore green infrastructure in urban environments. As a preliminary step for mapping green infrastructure utilizing multi-source remote sensing data in urban environments, the objective of this study is to map vegetation volume by fusing LiDAR and multispectral data in urban environments. Multispectral imageries are used to identify the two dimensional distribution of green infrastructure, while LiDAR data are utilized to characterize the vertical structure of the identified green structure. Vegetation volume was calculated over the metropolitan Chicago city area, and the vegetation volume was summarized over 16 NLCD classes. The experimental results indicated that vegetation volume varies greatly even in the same land cover class, and traditional land cover map based above ground biomass estimation approach may introduce bias in the estimation results.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.95-113
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• 2018

We studied the change of wetland vegetation structure to understand ecological restoration process of wetlands through the field survey of ecological restoration projects in Incheon, Iksan and Busan. We compared the vegetation plan at the time of planted with the results of the vegetation monitoring in 2018, and analyzed the changes in wetland vegetation structure. Based on results, we attempted to understand the restoration process of those wetlands and discuss the management measures for sustainable wetland restoration. As a result, in the Incheon Yeonhee restoration wetland, the number of plant species was increased, from 18 species in 2016 to 29 in 2018. The dominant species, Myriophyllum verticillatum, covered the wetland most and its occupied area was increased. On the other hand, the distribution area of the planted emergent hydrophytes was reduced. The area of open water decreased from 71.7% in 2016 to 48.8% in 2018. In Busan Igidae restoration wetland, the number of plant species was increased, from 6 species in 2014 to 31 in 2018. The dominant species was Myriophyllum verticillatum and its occupied area was increased. The area of floating plant communities that planned has decreased. The open water area decreased from 83.9% in 2014 to 31.8% in 2018. In Iksan Sorasan restoration wetland, the number of plant species was increased, from 13 species in 2016 to 36 in 2018. The dominant species was Phragmites communis Trin. and its occupied area was increased. The other planted species showed a tendency to be decreased by Phragmites communis Trin. and its terrestrialization. The open water area decreased from 86.6% in 2016 to 6.7% in 2018. These results suggest that wetlands should be managed by considering the change of vegetation structure and open water areas based on the following succession process, because it affects the habitat suitability of wetland organisms and biodiversity as well. Thus, the continuous monitoring for the ecological structure of restored wetland is important, and it could be possible step to develop sustainable wetland ecological restoration model.