• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.371-381
• /
• 2008

In order to elucidate the effects of a lacto-ovo vegetarian diet on serum lipid levels, 91 male collegians residing in the Seoul area were recruited. The vegetarians did not smoke tobacco nor drink alcohol. Their anthropometric measurements, dietary intakes, and blood lipid concentrations were compared to age-matched omnivorous controls. The subjects were divided into four groups. The four groups were: 1) NSNDV (n=25): Non Smoking Non Drinking Vegetarians, 2) NSNDO (n=10): Non Smoking Non Drinking Omnivores, 3) SDO (n=37): Smoking, Drinking Omnivores, 4) SDM (n=11): Smoking Drinking Meat-eaters. Total serum cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and hematocrit were analyzed. The results were as follows: Weight (p<0.05) and BMI (p<0.01) were significantly higher in SDM than NSNDV. Dietary protein (p<0.01), iron (p<0.05) and dietary lipids (p<0.01) from animals in NSNDV were significantly lower than the results in the SDM. Interestingly enough, we noted no significant differences between the four groups in terms of average total dietary protein, dietary lipids and dietary iron, total serum cholesterol, or HDL-cholesterol. Dietary fiber intake was significantly higher in NSNDV than in SDM (p<0.05). Weight, BMI, and total cholesterol were significantly positively correlated with animal protein (p<0.05) and animal lipid (p<0.01) intake. These results showed that vegetarian collegians who haven't smoked tobacco nor drunk alcohol evidenced lower body weight, BMI, and dietary animal lipid intake, but higher dietary fiber intake, than the other three groups. Additionally, intake of animal protein (p<0.001) and intake of animal lipids (p<0.001) were significantly positively correlated with body weight, BMI, and total serum cholesterol in male collegians.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.86-98
• /
• 2006

This study was conducted to investigate factors affecting bone density of food and nutrition vegetarian and non-vegetarian university students in Seoul area. Data for food habits, dietary and health-related behaviors were obtained by self administered questionnaires. BQI(bone quality index) of the subjects was measured by an Quantitative Ultrasound (QUS). The results are summarized as follows: The average height, weight, BMI and osteopenia percentage of the vegetarian and non-vegetarian male and female student were 172.61cm, 62.42kg, 20.98 and 24.2%; 175.38cm, 72.52kg, 23.71 and 16.7%; 160.47cm, 55.76kg, 21.66 and 55.9%; 161.77cm, 56.34kg, 21.53 and 37.6%, respectively. The BQI of the subjects were 101.73 and 107.43 in male student group, and 84.15, 89.64 in female student group, respectively. The BQI, Z-score value of bone density was significantly different in female group. Weight and BMI were positively related with BQI in male and female group. BQI was positively affected by nutrition supplement and negatively affected by seafood in vegetarian male student group. In vegetarian female student group, amount of meal was positively related with BQI and meal regularity was negatively related BQI. The result of this study revealed that the desirable food habits, dietary behaviors and health-related lifestyles may have a beneficial effect on bone density. They should have practically and systematically organized nutritional education on optimum body weight, good eating habits, weight bearing exercise and intakes of good quality nutrient for higher bone density level.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.32 no.4
• /
• pp.608-613
• /
• 2003

Recently, interests in the influences of vegetarian diet on bone mineral density after menopause have been rapidly increased. The purpose of this study was to compare the protein nutritional status and bone mineral density of postmenopausal vegetarian women with that of the omnivores. Vegetarian (n＝38, seven day adventists) were chosen from the subjects in previous study, and the subjects were matched with omnivores counterparts with respect to age and BMI. Anthropometric measurements, dietary intakes, and bone mineral density (BMD) were taken. The bone metabolism related marker including urinary deoxypyridinoline and urinary pH, and serum protein and albumin concentrations were evaluated. The average age of vegetarians and omnivores were 60.7 yrs and 60.5 yrs, respectively md, there was no significant difference. The mean daily energy intake of vegetarians and omnivores were 1518.5 ㎉ (82.7% of RDA) and 1355.5 ㎉ (72.6% of RDA), respectively. The mean calcium intake of vegetarians (492.6 mg, 70.3% of RDA) was not significantly different from that of omnivores (436.6 mg, 62.3% of RDA). There was no significant difference in BMDs of spine and femoral neck between vegetarians and omnivores. Urinary deoxypyridinoline (DPD) level was not significantly different. In the vegetarians, the intakes of total protein (p＜0.05) and plant protein (p＜0.05) had significant negative correlations with urinary DPD. In the omnivores, serum albumin showed significant positive correlations with urinary DPD (p＜0.05). In conclusion, we can not find the beneficial roles of vegetarian diet on bone mineral metabolism. For the postmenopausal vegetarian woman, protein intake would be an important factor to promote skeletal health.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nutrition Society Conference
• /
• 1994.05a
• /
• pp.50-50
• /
• 1994

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.28 no.9
• /
• pp.862-871
• /
• 1995

This study was designed to investigate the effectiveness of ginseng intakes in modifying serum lipid profiles and plasma clotting factors. The participants in this study were 47 normal healthy volunteers(men 24, women 23) with an age range of 35-49 years and a mean age of 41 years residing in Taejon. Based on the diet intakes, subjects were classed into one of three groups : control, vegetarian, and ginseng consumed over 3-4 years. There was no significant difference in their physical characteristics. Dietary calorie intakes were not significantly different in subjects. The ratio of energy intake in the control and ginseng consumed group was 63-64% : 20-21% : 15-16%(Cho : Fat : Pro), but 70-73% : 13-14% :14-15%(Cho : Fat : Pro) in the vegetarians. The intakes of animal food in the vegetarian was significantly lower than the control and ginseng consumed group in men. The ratio of P/S(1.27) was the highest in the vegetarians. Venous blood samples were taken for serum lipid profiling, plasma clotting assay and platelet function. The concentration of serum triglyceride in the men ginseng group is significantly lower than those of the men control group. Serum lipid profiles values of the men ginseng group, such as total cholesterol and phospholipid were lower those of the men control group, but higher those of the men vegetarian group. the serum lipid profile in the women were not significant, but total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL cholesterol levels in the ginseng groups were low. The concentration of HDL cholesterol was not significantly different. Platelet cell count and platelet aggregation were low in the ginseng groups. APTT(Activated Partial thromboplastin time) was significantly elongated in ginseng groups in the normal range. In seems that the major beneficial effects of ginseng intakes in especially men were on the blood concentrations of triglyceride, total cholesterol and elongation of plasma clotting time.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.20 no.8
• /
• pp.645-652
• /
• 2020

As the times change, the way of enjoying art and the needs of viewers are diversifying, and the filmization of novels that visualize existing works has become a popular genre across the ages. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of providing implications for movie works based on novel works by considering the filmization of novels. However, while there are successful works, works that have been filmized without properly understanding the artist's intention or narrative fail in the box office. In this study, focusing on Lim Woo-sung's . The film did not give a clear answer to the important contents of the novel, "The Violence of Young Hye," and what the meaning of "Flower" means to Young Hye. Because of this, Yeong-hye in the film was portrayed only as a victim of violence pursuing a blind artistic desire, but rather a sensational element. Therefore, it suggested that the filmization of novels is needed in the future to make films work as a medium that can add depth of enjoyment by utilizing the media characteristics of films.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.313-321
• /
• 2001

The purpose of this study is to verify the relation between vegetarian diet and the risk factors of cardiovascular disease. To do the present study the vegetarians were selected;245 Buddhist nuns(age: 23-79yrs). For control subjects, 235 healthy female adults(age: 23-79yrs) were selected. They were the teachers, the nurses and the housekeepers living in Chinju Gyeongsang Namdoo Province. Study period was from October 1996 to February 1997. The contents are consist of survey, anthropometric measurement, and clinical examination. The average ages of the subjects were 44.20yrs for vegetarians and 40.52yrs for non-vegetarians respectively. Average body mass indice(BMI) of vegetarians and non-vegetarians were 22.47 and 21.08, WHR was 0.85 and 0.84, percentage of body fat was 28.79 and 26.55 and the average duration of vegetarian diet of the vegetarians was 13.16 years. On the nutrient related lipid, fat, the energy ratio of fat, saturated fatty acid, total fatty acid, monounsaturated fatty acid and total-cholesterol were significantly lower(p<0.01) but the ratio of p/s was significantly higher(p<0.01) in vegetarians than non-vegetarians. The vegetarians were significantly higher than the non-vegetarians in intake of fiber, vitamin C. In vegetarians, variables that significant negative correlation with fiber were total-cholesterol, AI, blood sugar. In non-vegetarians, variables that significant negative correlation with fiber were TG, total-cholesterol, blood sugar, systolic blood pressure. In both subjects, the serum lipid concentration and the blood pressure were getting lower with fiber intakes. Consequently, vegetable diet can be considerably effective in making the level of the risk factors causing in cardiovascular disease lower. (Korean J Nutrition 34(3) : 313∼321, 2001)

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.32-44
• /
• 2020

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: We have previously designed the anti-cancer food scoring model (ACFS) 1.0, an evidence-based quantitative tool analyzing the anti-cancer or carcinogenic potential of diets. Analysis was performed using simple quantitative indexes divided into 6 categories (S, A, B, C, D, and E). In this study, we applied this scoring model to wider recipes and evaluated its nutritional relevance. MATERIALS/METHODS: National or known regional databases were searched for recipes from 6 categories: Korean out-dining, Korean home-dining, Western, Chinese, Mediterranean, and vegetarian. These recipes were scored using the ACFS formula and the nutrition profiles were analyzed. RESULTS: Eighty-eight international recipes were analyzed. All S-graded recipes were from vegetarian or Mediterranean categories. The median code values of each category were B (Korean home-dining), C (Korean out-dining), B (Chinese), A (Mediterranean), S (vegetarian), and D (Western). The following profiles were correlated (P < 0.05) with ACFS grades in the univariate trend analysis: total calories, total fat, animal fat, animal protein, total protein, vitamin D, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B₁₂, pantothenic acid, sodium, animal iron, zinc, selenium, and cholesterol (negative trends), and carbohydrate rate, fiber, water-soluble fiber, vitamin K, vitamin C, and plant calcium (positive trends). Multivariate analysis revealed that animal fat, animal iron, and niacin (negative trends) and animal protein, fiber, and vitamin C (positive trends) were statistically significant. Pantothenic acid and sodium showed non-significant negative trends (P < 0.1), and vitamin B₁₂ showed a non-significant positive trend. CONCLUSION: This study provided a nutritional basis and extended the utility of ACFS, which is a bridgehead for future cancer-preventive clinical trials using ACFS.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
• /
• v.30 no.5
• /
• pp.579-587
• /
• 2014

Korean food is being recognized for its excellence. This paper attempts to provide material for the popularization of Korean cuisine with respect to foreign nationals living in Korea who are vegetarian by studying their Korean cuisine knowledge and preferences. The results of an Importance-Performance Analysis showed that though the importance values of traditional spice use such as garlic and the consideration of ingredient price were high, their performance values were low. Thus, these were areas identified as needing major improvement. Repeated measured data analysis was performed to determine variations in the perception of major factors for the development of Korean cuisine. The results indicated that simplification of seasoning was the most important factor followed by diversification of food ingredients, resale of vegetables in small quantities, ease of obtaining Korean cuisine recipes, and popularization of herbal and temple food, in that order. The least important factor in developing Korean cuisine was determined to be the reduction in levels of salt. Conjoint analysis was performed on the choices affection the selection of Korean cuisine, and price was found to be the most important factor. It was also determined that the effectiveness in the combination of fusion style, health oriented, concurrently served, medium to low price Korean cuisine was highest in preference. The next highest preferred combination was traditional style, health oriented, concurrently served, medium to low price Korean cuisine. The most significant factor to keep in mind in developing Korean dishes for foreign vegetarians was determined to be price. Furthermore, it was important to not simply reduce caloric intake but to use healthy ingredients and cooking methods.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
• /
• v.21 no.1 s.52
• /
• pp.27-34
• /
• 2006

Numerous studies reported the significant association between genetic polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene and various bone phenotypes such as bone mineral density (BMD) and bone quality, although conflicting results were produced. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between a TaqI RFLP in the VDR gene and calcaneal BMD in Korean vegetarian men, and its interaction with nutrition status as an environmental factor. BUA (broadband ultrasound attenuation), SOS (sound of speed) and stiffness index of the calcaneus were measured using an ultrasound bone densitometer in 266 Korean men (age: $mean{\pm}SD;\;50.9{\pm}12.0$ year), and a TaqI RFLP in the VDR gene analysed by PCR-RFLP method. In total subjects, the distribution of TT, Tt and tt genotypes occurred with frequencies of 90.8%, 8.8% and 0.4%, respectively. There were no significant associations between this polymorphism and osteopenia-osteoporosis or several bone phenotypes in our subjects irrespectively of nutrition status (P>0.05). Therefore, our results suggest that a TaqI RFLP in the vitamin D receptor gene does not contribute to the susceptibility to the calcaneal BMD in Korean men.