• Title/Summary/Keyword: various solvent extracts

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A Comparison of the Components and Biological Activities of the Ethanol Extracts of Achyranthes japonica Nakai and Achyranthes bidentata Blume (토우슬과 회우슬의 에탄올 추출물의 성분 및 생리활성 비교)

  • Lee, Ye-Seol;Kim, Mi-Sun;Kim, Duck-Jin;Sohn, Ho-Yong
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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    • v.41 no.4
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    • pp.416-424
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    • 2013
  • In the course of a study for the development of functional foods utilizing Woosul (Achyranthis radix), the components and various biological activities of Korean Woosul (AJN: Achyranthes japonica Nakai) and Chinese Woosul (ABB: Achyranthes bidentata Blume) were compared. Woosul in Korea, including AJN and ABB, are regulated and part of the Korean Pharmacopoeia. From AJN and ABB, ethanol extracts and their subsequent organic solvent fractions were prepared and their in-vitro antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-diabetes activities were evaluated. Although AJN and ABB have no clear distinction in terms of usage in Korea, our results suggest that AJN has higher quantities of lipid-soluble components and lower amounts of water-soluble sugars than does ABB. ABB also appears to possess greater amounts of flavonoid and polyphenol substances than AJN. Analyses of biological activities showed that the fractions of AJN were more active as antibacterial agents, and possessed more pronounced ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activities than those of the ABB fractions. However, the antioxidant activities of the ABB fractions, as determined by DPPH anion-, ABTS cation-, nitrite-scavenging activity and reducing power, were higher than those of the AJN fractions. Our results suggest that the components and bioactivity of the extracts and subsequent fractions of AJN and ABB are different. Therefore, usage of either AJN or ABB should be carefully considered, as regards their individual properties, when the active fractions of Woosul are employed in the development of functional foods or novel plant-derived medicines.

Effects of Extracts from Dried Yam on Antioxidant and Growth of Human Cancer Cell Lines (건조 마 추출물의 항산화 및 인체 암세포 증식 억제 효과)

  • Jang, Joo-Ri;Hwang, Seong-Yeon;Lim, Sun-Young
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.20 no.9
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    • pp.1365-1372
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    • 2010
  • We investigated the inhibitory effects of solvent extracts from dried yam on $H_2O_2$-induced oxidative stress and growth of cancer cell lines (HT1080 human fibrosarcoma and HT-29 human colon cancer cells). Yam (Dioscoreacea) has been recognized as a healthy food due to its various biological activities, such as anti-obesity, anti-constipation, anti-proliferation, and anti-mutagenic activities, as well as its ability to decrease blood glucose and cholesterol levels. In order to determine the protective effect on $H_2O_2$-induced oxidative stress, DCFH-DA (dichlorodihydrofluorescin diacetate) assay was conducted. Acetone with methylene chloride (A+M) extract of dried yam appeared to reduce the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) with dose responses. Among the fractions, 85% aq. methanol fraction showed the highest protective effect on production of lipid peroxides. Inhibitory effects of A+M and methanol (MeOH) extracts on the growth of HT1080 and HT-29 cancer cells increased in a dose dependent manner. The treatments of n-hexane, 85% aq. methanol and n-butanol fractions (${\geqq}0.5$ mg/ml concentrations) significantly inhibited the growth of both cancer cells (p<0.05). From these results, 85% aq. methanol fraction showed inhibitory effects on cellular oxidation and growth of human cancer cells, suggesting that this fraction may contain active compounds of dried yam.

Physiological Functionalities of Traditional Alaska Pollack Sik-hae (전통 명태식해(식해)의 기능성)

  • Cha, Yong-Jun;Lee, Cho-Eun;Jeong, Eun-Kyung;Kim, Hun;Lee, Jung-Suck
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.31 no.4
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    • pp.559-565
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    • 2002
  • The physiological functionalities such as antimicrobial activity, antioxidative activity, angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity and bile acid binding capacity were measured for the solvent-fractionated methanol extracts of Alaska pollack sik-hae at various time intervals during fermentation. Two temperature schemes of fermentation were studied: constant temperature of 2$0^{\circ}C$ (A) and stepwise change from 2$0^{\circ}C$ (10 days) to 5$^{\circ}C$ (B). The methanol extracts of Alaska pollack sik-hae showed antimicrobial activities against 9 kinds of micro-organisms including pathogenic and food poisoning strains. Among these, gram positive bacteria, in particular Staphylococcus aureus, showed more sensitivity to the extracts than gram negative bacteria and fungi. Antioxidative activity (EDA$_{50}$) increased until 15 days (A, 0.92 mg/$m\ell$) or 16 days of fermentation (B, 0.94 mg/$m\ell$), and then gradually decreased. ACE inhibitory activity was observed in all fermentation time except 0 day, and bile acid binding capacity at 15 days (A) and 16 days (B) only.

Changes in Hydrogen Donating Activities of the Extract from Hololeion maximowiczii Root by Drying Methods (건조방법에 따른 께묵뿌리 추출물의 수소공여능 조사)

  • Choi, Dong-Yeon;Do, Jae-Ho;Lee, Kwang-Seung;Yang, Cha-Bum
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.26 no.2
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    • pp.147-151
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    • 1994
  • Hydrogen donating activities(HDA) of solvent extracts of Hololeion maximowiczii roots which were treated with freeze drying, hot air drying and hot air drying after steam blanching were investigated by the method of ${\alpha},{\alpha}'$-diphenyl-${\beta}$-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH). Hydrogen donating activity of hot air drying after steam blanching group showed the highest activity among three drying methods. Among the extracts of freeze dried root extracted with various solvents, color intensity at 420 nm of aqueous extract was highest, but hydrogen donating activity was shown in order of 50%, ethyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, water extracts. By heating the powder of freeze dried root at $100^{\circ}C$, color intensity of its water extract was decreased until 20 min, thereafter it was increased slowly but hydrogen donating activity was rapidly increased until 30 min. Hydrogen donating activity at the concentration of 6.05 mg/ml of 50% alcohol extract was similar to that of ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ at the concentration of $2{\times}10^{-4}M$. Comparison of hydrogen donating activity of the inner and outer solution after dialysis of water extract showed that the outer solution had a stronger hydrogen donating activity than those of the inner one.

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Antioxidant Activity of Various Solvent Extracts Obtained from A Maillard-type Browning Reaction Mixture (각종용매(各種溶媒)로부터 추출(抽出)한 Maillard형(型) 갈색화반응(褐色化反應) 생성물(生成物)의 산화억제작용(酸化抑制作用))

  • Won, Jong-Tai;Kim, Dong-Hoon
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.12 no.4
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    • pp.235-241
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    • 1980
  • Equal portions of a Maillard-type browning mixture (0.2 M glucose+0.2 M glycine), heated at $100^{\circ}C$ for 12 hr, were extracted with the same amounts of eight solvents, respectively. The extracts were then dissolved in equal amounts of an edible soybean oil, and the resulting substrates and a portion of the soybean oil (Control) were stored in an incubator kept at $45.0{\pm}1.0^{\circ}C$ for three weeks. Peroxide values and TBA values of Control and the substrates were determined regularly during the storage period. The POVs of Control and the substrates containing acetone, benzene, chloroform, ethanol, diethyl ether, methanol, methylene chloride, and petroleum ether extracts after 12 days of storage were respectively $60.0{\pm}3.6$, $31.9{\pm}0.9$, $37.6{\pm}2.2$, $48.1{\pm}1.1$, $11.9{\pm}1.3$, $4.85{\pm}0.4$, $11.5{\pm}1.0$, $45.3{\pm}0.3$, and $43.3{\pm}4.2\;m.\;mole/kg\;oil$. The TBA values after 16 days of storage were respectively $0.28{\pm}0.02$, $0.20{\pm}0.01$, $0.21{\pm}0.01$, $0.26{\pm}0.03$, $0.16{\pm}0.02$, $0.28{\pm}0.02$, $0.17{\pm}0.01$, $0.33{\pm}0.05$, and $0.31{\pm}0.02$. The induction periods (arbitrarily taken as the time in hours for a substrate to reach a peroxide value of 30 m. mole/kg oil) of Control and the substrates were respectively 193, 280, 252, 220, 478, 229, 455, 217, and 214 hr. The antioxidant activity of each extract estimated on the basis of the length of the induction periods was, in decreasing order, as follows; ethanol>methanol>acetone>benzene>diethyl ether>chloroform, pertroleum ether, methylene chloride.

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Antioxidative and Biological Activities of Santalum album Extracts by Extracting Methods (추출방법에 따른 백단향의 항산화 및 생리활성)

  • Kim, Tae-Hoon
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • v.15 no.3
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    • pp.456-460
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    • 2008
  • Santalum album has been used as a folk medicine for treatment of skin diseases, inflammation, gonorrhea, gleet, and cystitis in India and other Asian countries. In a search for possible bioactive agents from natural sources, we found that the various solvent extracts of S. album showed significant antioxidative effect in 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity test and moderate other biological functions submitted to the several bioassay systems for whitening and cytotoxicity evaluations. Among the tested extracts displayed DPPH radical scavenging activity, and the 70% acetone extract showed the most potent activity with an $IC_{50}$ value of $18.6\;{\mu}g/ml$, more potent than a positive control, L-ascorbic acid ($IC_{50}$, $28.7\;{\mu}g/mL$). Also, anti-lipid peroxidation, tyrosinase inhibitory, and cytotoxic effects were determined in each experiment. Total phenolic content of 70% acetone extract was found to be 117.1 mg equivalent of gallic acid per g of extract. Previous phytochemical investigation reveals the presence of phenolic compounds. The results indicate that S. album possess potential antioxidant activity and phenolic constituents are responsible for this capacity.

Evaluation of in-vitro Anti-thrombosis and Anti-oxidation Activity of Lees of Takju (Wookukseng) (우국생 탁주 주박의 항혈전 및 항산화 활성)

  • Kim, Mi-Sun;Lee, Ye-Seul;Kim, Jong Sik;Shin, Woo-Chang;Sohn, Ho-Yong
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.25 no.4
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    • pp.425-432
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    • 2015
  • This study was performed to develop high-value-added biomaterials for health and beauty products. Extracts of ethanol and hot water and their subsequent organic solvent fractions were prepared from Lees of Wookukseng (LW), a commercialized Korean traditional rice wine. We investigated their activities on blood coagulation, platelet aggregation, hemolysis against human red blood cells (hRBCs), and anti-oxidation. The water content, pH and brix of the LW were 80.3%, 3.94 and 13.0°, respectively. The yield of ethanol extraction (6.62%) was 3.15 times higher than that of hot-water extraction (2.1%), and the ethyacetate fraction (EAF) of ethanol extract showed the highest content of total polyphenol (128 mg/g) among the various fractions. In anticoagulation activity assay, the EAF of ethanol extract showed a 15-fold extension in TT, PT, and aPTT, indicating that the EAFs contain various inhibitory substances against thrombin, prothrombin and coagulation factors. In anti-platelet aggregation activity assay, the butanol fraction and water residue of ethanol extract showed significant inhibition activity. The activities were comparable to aspirin, a commercial anti-thrombosis agent. The above extracts and fractions did not show hemolysis activity against hRBC up to 5 mg/ml, and had radical scavenging activity against DPPH anion, ABTS cation and nitrite. Our results suggest that the active fractions prepared from LW, which has no specific usage until now, have a high potential as novel resources for anti-thrombosis agents.

Antioxidant Activity of the Oven-dried Paprika Powders with Various Colors and Phycochemical Properties and Antioxidant Activity of Pork Patty Containing Various Paprika Powder (파프리카의 색이 열풍 건조한 파프리카 분말을 첨가한 돈육 분쇄육의 이화학적 특성과 항산화 활성 평가)

  • Shim, Yong Woo;Chin, Koo Bok
    • Food Science of Animal Resources
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    • v.33 no.5
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    • pp.626-632
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    • 2013
  • This study was performed to determine the antioxidant activity of the oven-dried paprika powder as affected by the color differences of paprika and to evaluate physicochemical characteristics and antioxidant activity of pork patties with various levels of paprika powders. The total phenolic contents of the paprika were not affected by color and solvent (p>0.05). The methanol extracted paprika powder showed higher DPPH radical scavenging activity than water extracted counterpart, and no differences were observed at concentration of 0.5% as compared to the reference (ascorbic acid) (p>0.05). In all treatments, the iron chelating ability increased with increasing concentrations. At a concentration of 1.0%, methanol extracts of orange paprika (MOP) and water extracts of red paprika (WRP) were not different from the reference, (ethylendiaminetetraacetic acid, EDTA). The paprika color and extraction solvent didn't affect reducing power of paprika powder at each concentration (p>0.05). Pork patties with red paprika powder were higher redness values than those with orange ones, regardless of addition level. The addition of red paprika increased the yellowness, and patties with 1.0% orange paprika powder showed the highest value. TBARS values were decreased with increasing paprika powder, especially, patties with 1.0% paprika powder were lower TBARS than those with 0.5% paprika powder, resulting in similar to those with ascorbic acid (p>0.05). Although the microbial counts increased with storage time, paprika powders did not inhibit microorganisms during storage. In conclusion, paprika powders could be used as a natural antioxidant in meat products, regardless of paprika color.

Prediction of Optimal Microwave-Assisted Extraction Conditions for Functional Properties from Fluid Cheonggukjang Extracts (액상청국장 추출물의 기능성에 대한 마이크로웨이브 최적 추출조건 예측)

  • Lee, Bo-Mi;Do, Jeong-Ryong;Kim, Hyun-Ku
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.36 no.11
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    • pp.1465-1471
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    • 2007
  • Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize extraction conditions in order to find the maximal functional properties of fluid Cheonggukjang. Based on central composite design, a study plan was established with variations of microwave power, ethanol concentration, and extraction time. Regression analysis was applied to obtain a mathematical model. The maximum inhibitory of tyrosinase activity was found as 26.75% at the conditions of 30.56W microwave power, 2.40 g/mL of ratio of solvent to sample content and 10.00 min extraction time, respectively. The maximum superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity was 53.23% under the extraction conditions of 108.42 W, 4.38 g/mL and 7.84 min. Based on superimposition of three dimensional RSM with respect to extraction yield, inhibitory of tyrosinase activity and SOD-like activity obtained under the various extraction conditions, the optimum ranges of extraction conditions were found to be microwave power of $55{\sim}75$ W, ratio of solvent to sample content of $2{\sim}5$ g/mL and extraction time of $3.5{\sim}15$ min, respectively.

Isolation and Identification of Terpenoids from the Flower of Rhododendron yedoense var. poukhanense (산철쭉(Rhododendron yedoense var. poukhanense) 꽃으로부터 Terpenoid의 분리.동정)

  • Hong, Yoon-Hee;Song, Myoung-Chong;Han, Jae-Taek;Jang, Tae-O;Lee, Youn-Hyung;Kim, Sung-Hoon;Kim, Seung-Ae;Park, Mi-Hyun;Baek, Nam-Ln
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.46 no.2
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    • pp.144-149
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    • 2003
  • Extracts were obtained from the flower of Rhododendro yedoense var. poukhanense. (7 kg) in 80% aqueous MeOH and successively fractionated with solvent of EtOAc, n-BuOH and $H_2O$, successively. Silica gel and ODS column chromatographies of the EtOAc and n-BuOH fractions were repeatedly carried out by using the various solvent systems to give five terpenoids. Chemical structures of the isolated terpenoids were determined as $2{\alpha},3{\beta}-dihydroxylolean-12-ene$ (1), ursolic acid (2), grayanotoxin IV (3), grayanotoxin I (4) and grayanotoxin III (5) based on the interpretation of several spectral data including 2D-NMR such as $^1H-^1H\;COSY$, HMQC and HMBC.