• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2002.06d
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• pp.97-100
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• 2002

In this paper, we propose a watermarking technique that embeds a digital watermark into digital images for the proof of owner or copyright protection. Proposed algorithm is based on discrete wavelet transform. Zerotree structure defined by Shapiro's embedded zerotree wavelet(EZW) algorithm is used. In the proposed algorithm, a digital watermark is embedded on only significant wavelet coefficients chosen by QSWT for the robustness of the algorithm. In other words, only the values of significant wavelet coefficients are modified in accordance with the given watermark pattern. We use the relationship among neighboring coefficients when modifying chosen coefficients to keep good image quality. Visual recognizable patterns such as binary images are used as a watermark. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has robustness under a variety of attacks such as JPEG compression, sharpening and blurring and also show that it has a better performance in PSNR comparing with other algorithms.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.29
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• pp.128-136
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• 2001

This study investigated the use of participatory design kit as a tool for the design of individual units within an apartment tools through the literatures. Simulation was the method used for conducting the study. The results show that: 1) In general, design tools must be composed of a package of techniques, demand flexibility in its framework which adapts to a variety of situation, and the approach for project work must be comprehensive and systematic. 2) Design kits that are created to involve future residents in making decisions about the layout of their apartments, Improve the ability of those people to make various design. 3) Specifically, design kits that are developed as a means for making the user participation easy in an apartment housing complex, show the tool useful to an nonexpert.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.11-18
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• 2019

One of the key objectives of control systems is to maintain a system in a specific stable state. To achieve this goal, a variety of control techniques can be used and it is often uses a feedback control method. As known this kind of control methods requires mathematical model of the system. This article presents seesaw unstable system with two propellers which are controlled without use of a mathematical model instead. The goal was to control it using training data. For system control we use a logistic regression technique which is one of machine learning method. We tested our controller on the real model created in our laboratory and the experimental results show that instability of the seesaw system can be fixed at a given angle using the decision boundary estimated from the classification method. The results show that this control method for structural equilibrium can be used with relatively more accuracy of the decision boundary.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.29-38
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• 2022

Although image compression is one of the essential technologies to transmit image data on a variety of surveillance and mobile healthcare applications, it causes unnecessary compression artifacts such as blocking and ringing artifacts by the lossy compression in the limited network bandwidth. Recently, image restoration methods using convolutional neural network (CNN) show the significant improvement of image quality from the compressed images. In this paper, we propose Image Denoising Convolutional Neural Networks (IDCNN) to reduce the compression artifacts for the purpose of improving the performance of object classification. In order to evaluate the classification accuracy, we used the ImageNet test dataset consisting of 50,000 natural images and measured the classification performance in terms of Top-1 and Top-5 accuracy. Experimental results show that the proposed IDCNN can improve Top-1 and Top-5 accuracy as high as 2.46% and 2.42%, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.66 no.3
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• pp.1-17
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• 2016

This study examined and analyzed the women's jeogoris in the Seoul Gwangjang Market and Busan Jin Market. They study explored the items to look into the current state of the Jeogori patterns, as well as investigate the flat pattern jeogoris, including its source and aspects of change. Korean women's body figure has become more westernized, and the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of this change on the traditional jeogoris. We hope to gather valuable data, which can be used to propose a new direction for designing hanbok in the future. The study methods are as follows: First, the types of jeogori patterns were examined. Second, the current state of jeogori patterns in the Seoul Gwangjang market and Jin market in Busan were analyzed to look into how the patterns have transitioned. And lastly, the reason for the origination of the flat pattern jeogori and the type of changes will be examined. Current study results show that two pattern types are being used: the flat composition jeogori and the flat pattern jeogori. Surveys show that more than 90 percent of the jeogoris in the Seoul Gwangjang Market are of the flat composition pattern variety, while more than 90 percent of jeogoris in the Busan Jin Market are of the flat pattern variety. In 1998, western-style dress designers in Busan introduced the flat pattern jeogoris, which were used to get rid of the wrinkles caused by the extra space, into the market after the financial crisis period in Korea, as a way to revitalize the market. This new pattern was popular among tea aficionados and traditional Korean musicians. It was exposed to the public via different mediums, such as TV programs, magazines, and brochures. Busan was the first to be exposed, and then it spread to Seoul. It also seems that the reduction of production cost caused the increase of the flat pattern jeogori.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.322-330
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of the volunteer's job characteristics in university student on their volunteering satisfaction and continuance will. Based on Hackman and Oldham's theory of core job characteristics, this study analyzed 261 university students in Gangwon-do by survey. The results of this study are summarized as follows: The volunteering participation ratio of university student is 71.6%. volunteer's job characteristics, volunteering satisfaction and continuance will is showed lower level. And skill variety, task identity and feedback among Hackman and Oldham's 5 core job characteristics show positive influence on volunteering satisfaction, and skill variety, task indentity, task significance and feedback show positive influence on continuance will. As a result, volunteer's satisfaction and continuance will depended on the job characteristics. Therefore, to assure volunteer's satisfaction and continuance will, redesign for volunteer's job characteristics.

• BMB Reports
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.226-231
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• 2007

Housekeeping genes are widely used as internal controls in a variety of study types, including real time RT-PCR, microarrays, Northern analysis and RNase protection assays. However, even commonly used housekeeping genes may vary in stability depending on the cell type or disease being studied. Thus, it is necessary to identify additional housekeeping-type genes that show sample-independent stability. Here, we used statistical analysis to examine a large human microarray database, seeking genes that were stably expressed in various tissues, disease states and cell lines. We further selected genes that were expressed at different levels, because reference and target genes should be present in similar copy numbers to achieve reliable quantitative results. Real time RT-PCR amplification of three newly identified reference genes, CGI-119, CTBP1 and GOLGAl, alongside three well-known housekeeping genes, B2M, GAPD, and TUBB, confirmed that the newly identified genes were more stably expressed in individual samples with similar ranges. These results collectively suggest that statistical analysis of microarray data can be used to identify new candidate housekeeping genes showing consistent expression across tissues and diseases. Our analysis identified three novel candidate housekeeping genes (CGI-119, GOLGA1, and CTBP1) that could prove useful for normalization across a variety of RNA-based techniques.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.151-159
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• 2008

An efficient location registration scheme is essential to accommodate continuously increasing mobile subscribers and to offer a variety of multimedia services with good quality. In this study, we consider a distance-based registration scheme where the number of location areas varies on the basis of cell-by-cell, not of ring-by-ring, to analyze the optimal size of the location area. Using our proposed cell-by-cell distance-based registration scheme with random walk mobility model, we analyze a variety of circumstances to obtain the optimal number of cells for location area that minimizes total signaling traffic on radio channels. From our analysis results, we show that the optimal number of cells for location area is between 4 and 6 in most cases, and our cell-by-cell distance-based location registration scheme has less signaling traffic than optimal ring-by-ring distance-based location registration scheme where optimal distance threshold is 2 (thus the optimal number of cells for location area is 7).

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.1182-1194
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• 2018

The Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP(DASH) is envisioned to evolve to meet an increasing demand on providing seamless video streaming services in the near future. The DASH performance heavily depends on the client's adaptive quality selection algorithm that is not included in the standard. The existing conventional algorithms are basically based on a procedural algorithm that is not easy to capture and reflect all variations of dynamic network and traffic conditions in a variety of network environments. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a novel quality selection mechanism based on the Deep Q-Network(DQN) model, the DQN-based DASH Adaptive Bitrate(ABR) mechanism. The proposed mechanism adopts a new reward calculation method based on five major performance metrics to reflect the current conditions of networks and devices in real time. In addition, the size of the consecutive video segment to be downloaded is also considered as a major learning metric to reflect a variety of video encodings. Experimental results show that the proposed mechanism quickly selects a suitable video quality even in high error rate environments, significantly reducing frequency of quality changes compared to the existing algorithm and simultaneously improving average video quality during video playback.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.562-570
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• 2012

This paper proposes a robust object tracking algorithm using object features and on-line learning based particle filter for mobile robots. Mobile robots with a side-view camera have problems as camera jitter, illumination change, object shape variation and occlusion in variety environments. In order to overcome these problems, color histogram and HOG descriptor are fused for efficient representation of an object. Particle filter is used for robust object tracking with on-line learning method IPCA in non-linear environment. The validity of the proposed algorithm is revealed via experiments with DBs acquired in variety environment. The experiments show that the accuracy performance of particle filter using combined color and shape information associated with online learning (92.4 %) is more robust than that of particle filter using only color information (71.1 %) or particle filter using shape and color information without on-line learning (90.3 %).