• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.48.1-48.13
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• 2022

With the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants, which are randomly mutated, the dominant strains in regions are changing globally. The development of preclinical animal models is imperative to validate vaccines and therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2 variants. The objective of this study was to develop a non-human primate (NHP) model for SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant infection. Cynomolgus macaques infected with Delta variants showed infectious viruses and viral RNA in the upper (nasal and throat) and lower respiratory (lung) tracts during the acute phase of infection. After 3 days of infection, lesions consistent with diffuse alveolar damage were observed in the lungs. For cellular immune responses, all macaques displayed transient lymphopenia and neutrophilia in the early stages of infection. SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant spike protein-specific IgM, IgG, and IgA levels were significantly increased in the plasma of these animals 14 days after infection. This new NHP Delta variant infection model can be used for comparative analysis of the difference in severity between SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and may be useful in the efficacy evaluation of vaccines and universal therapeutic drugs for mutations.

• 대한유전성대사질환학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.11-17
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• 2017

서론: 페닐케톤뇨증은 방향족 아미노산의 하나인 페닐알라닌의 대사장애가 발생하는 유전성 대사질환이다. 양성 고페닐알라닌혈증은 페닐알라닌 수산화효소(PAH) 유전자 변이가 발견되는 페닐케톤뇨증 환자에서 저페닐알라닌 식사 치료가 필요 없이 정상적인 성장 및 발달이 가능한 질환이다. 최근 PAH 유전자의 R53H 변이는 병적이라기 보다 양성에 가까운 것으로 생각되었으며 저자들은 양성 고페닐알라닌혈증 환자들에서 R53H 유전자변이를 보인 10례를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다. 방법: 2010년 4월부터 2017년 5월까지 순천향대학교 서울병원에서 추적관찰하고 있는 양성 고페닐알라닌혈증 환자 중 R53H변이를 가진 10명의 한국인 환자의 의무기록을 검토하였다. 환자들은 혈중 아미노산 분석을 통해 고페닐알라닌혈증을 진단받았으며, 모든 환자들은 PAH 유전자 검사를 통해 유전자 변이를 진단받았다. 환자들의 의무기록 검토를 통해 환자의 동반 유전자 변이, 증상 및 혈중 페닐알라닌 농도, 치료여부 등을 분석하였다. 결과: 상기 환자들 중 5명은 R53H와 함께 "병적인" 유전자를 보였으며(R413P, R241C, $Y356^*$, c.442-1G>A, $Y325^*$), 2명에서는 "병적일 수 있는" 유전자 변이를 보였다($W187^*$, A259T). "중요도가 확실하지 않은" 유전자 변이를 가진 환자는 2명이었으며(R53H, G344D), 이 중 35세 남성 1명은 R53H의 동형접합자였다. 1명의 환자에서는 아직 밝혀지지 않은 인트론(intron) 변이가 발견 되었다. 환자들은 혈중 페닐알라닌 수치가 $103.1{\mu}mol/L$ 였던 R53H 동형접합체인 35세 남자 환자를 제외하고는 모두 양성 고페닐알라닌혈증으로 진단되었다. 모든 환자에서 정상 식사를 진행하였으며, 약물 치료는 시행하지 않았다. 모든 환자에서 페닐케톤뇨증의 증상은 없었다. 결론: 본 연구의 R53H 유전자 변이를 가진 환자 10명은 특별한 치료 없이도 정상적인 성장 및 발달을 보였다. 이는 이전에 양성 고페닐알라닌혈증으로 진단된 환자들의 R53H 변이가 정상 변이일 가능성이 높음을 의미하는 것이며 이형접합으로 병적변이를 가진 사람들이 환자가 아니라 보인자 또는 정상인일 수 있음을 의미한다. 따라서 현재 "중요도가 확실하지 않은"으로 분류되어있는 R53H변이는 "양성"으로 분류되어야 할 것이다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.153-157
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• 1989

청경종 특성을 알기위하여 지상부 제형질, 광합성과 호흡 그리고 자식세대의 경색을 조사하였다. 청경종은 엽경종, 황열종의 경, 엽, 광합성과 호흡에 뚜렷한 차이가 나타나지 않았지만 5년근시 화경장 형질이 타 변종보다 길었다. 광합성에 있어서는 청경종이 뚜렷한 차이는 없는 경향이며 비교적 황열종이 높았으나 $20^{\circ}C$ 이상에서는 모든 변종에서 현저히 떨어지는 경향이었다. 청경종내 자식세대 일부는 경색이 분리되는 경향이나 자식사대가 거듭할수록 녹색경(청경종) 출현이 높았다.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2000년도 제13회 신호처리 합동 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.923-926
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• 2000

In this paper we address the problem of detecting and estimating an unknown narrow band signal in a noise interference environment A new practical band estimation method, yielding good performance even in case of finite-length data, is presented. More specifically, wavelet packet transform is utilized to detect the more accurate time-variant band, then we estimate the power from wavelet filter-coefficients of the respective band. Also, third-order cumulants, and projection cross-correlation (PCC) criterion are utilized to achieve an effective SNR improvement for the time-variant band estimation. In case of time variant band estimation, the PCC method yields better performance than the correlation method.

• 한국지능시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국퍼지및지능시스템학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회 학술발표 논문집 제17권 제1호
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• pp.435-439
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• 2007

This paper deals with RLS algorithm using Newton-Raphson method based adaptive forgetting factor for a passive telemetry RF sensor system in order to estimate the time variant parameter to be included in RF sensor model. For this estimation with RLS algorithm, phasor typed RF sensor system modelled with inductive coupling principle is used. Instead of applying constant forgetting factor to estimate time variant parameter, the adaptive forgetting factor based on Newton-Raphson method is applied to RLS algorithm without constant forgetting factor to be determined intuitively. Finally, we provide numerical examples to evaluate the feasibility and generality of the proposed method in this paper.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.180-184
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• 1999

hybridoma cells producing IgM anti-pneuococcal 6B polysaccharide antibodies were induced to switch to IgG-producing cells in vitro by treating with acridine orange. Treating 0.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml of acridine orange for 24 hours generated maximal number of variant cells. The maximal isotype switch frequency was 3${\times}$10-5, which is about 30-fold higher than the frequency of spontaneous switching. Resulting IgG-producing variants were enriched by sib selection and ELISA spot assay. Two IgG3-producing variant cells were finally cloned by limiting dilution. The variant cells produced similar amounts of antibodies as their parental cells did. The two switched antibodies had similar reactivity to pneumococcal 6B polysaccharide. When compared to their parental IgM antibodies, the switched IgG3 than that of IgM antibody. The antibodies will be useful as essential tools for comparative study of the role of heavy chain isotypes in protection against Streptococcus pneumoniae.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.217-219
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• 2004

Cissus quadrangularis L. variant I (Family: Vitaceae), the common variant with square stem is widely used for peptic ulcer disorders (PUD) in traditional medicine. Aerial parts were collected during flowering and vegetative seasons and analysed. Aqueous (hot and cold) and solvent extracts (acetone, chloroform and ethanol) were screened for their anti-Helicobacter pylori (Hp) activities. Among them chloroform extract was observed to recover bioactive principles markedly with low minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal lethal concentration (MLC). MIC was $30\;{\mu}g$ in both samples and MLC was $35\;{\mu}g$ for vegetative and $30\;{\mu}g$ for flowering seasons, respectively. Extracts from samples collected during flowering season were better than thse of vegetative season.

• 한국경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국경영과학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 및 정기총회
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• pp.10-26
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• 2005

In our model, we keep inventory to satisfy uncertain demands which arrives irregularly. In this situation, we have additional two constraints. First, we need to have certain amount of order consolidation (consolidation constraint) for the orders to replenish the inventory because of production or purchase constraint. And also, if we order at a certain date which was set by administrative convenience, we have amount constraint to order the consolidated order demands (capacity constraint). We showed this variant inventory policy is needed in steel industry and note that there will be possible similar case in industry. To deal with this case, we invented a variant replenishment policy and show this policy is superior to other possible polices in the consolidation constraint case by extensive simulation. And we derive a combined solution method for dealing with the capacity constraints in addition to the consolidation constraints. For this, we suggest a combined solution method of integer programming and simulation.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.721-741
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• 2009

Consider RSA with N = pq, q < p < 2q, public encryption exponent e and private decryption exponent d. We first study cryptanalysis of RSA when certain amount of the Most Significant Bits (MSBs) or Least Significant Bits (LSBs) of d is known. The basic lattice based technique is similar to that of Ernst et al. in Eurocrypt 2005. However, our idea of guessing a few MSBs of the secret prime p substantially reduces the requirement of MSBs or LSBs of d for the key exposure attack. Further, we consider the RSA variant proposed by Sun and Yang in PKC 2005 and show that the partial key exposure attack works significantly on this variant.

• Transactions on Control, Automation and Systems Engineering
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.113-120
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• 1999

One of the important challenges facing control engineers in developing automated machineryis to be able to monitor the machines using remote sensors. Observrs are often used to reconstruct the machine variables of interest. However, conventional observers are unalbe to observe the machine variables when the machine models, upon which the observers are based, have inputs that cannot be measured. Since this is often the case, the authors previsously developed a steady-state optimal state and input observer for time-invariant systems [1], this paper extends that work to time-variant systems. A recursive observer, similar to a Kalman-Bucy filter, is developed . This optimal observer minimizes the trace of the error variance for discrete , linear , time-variant, stochastic systems with unknown inputs.