• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.372-376
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• 2006

Ferulic acid is a phenolic compound that serves as a major biosynthetic precursor of vanillin in higher plants. We investigated the ability of the 3 commercial enzymes - Ultraflo L, Viscozyme L, and ${\alpha}-Amylase$ - to induce the release ferulic acid from the Ipomoea batatas L. (sweet potato) stem. The rate of release for ferulic acid was optimal when Ultraflo L (1.0%) was used compared with the other enzymes, whereas Viscozyme L was most effective for the release of vanillic acid and vanillin. Thus, these enzymes may be useful for the large-scale production of ferulic acid and other phenolic compounds from sweet potato stem.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.90-98
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• 2003

In vivo $^31p$ Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ($^31p$NMR) and metabolic studies were carried out on an acetic acid tolerant mutant, Zymomonas mobilis $ZM4/Ac^R$, and compared to those of the parent strain, Z. mobilis ZM4, to evaluate possible mechanisms of acetic acid resistance. This investigation was initiated to determine whether or not the mutant strain might be used as a suitable recombinant host far ethanol production from lignocellulose hydrolysates containing various inhibitory compounds. $ZM4/Ac^R$ showed multiple resistance to other lignocellulosic toxic compounds such as syringaldehyde, furfural, hydroxymethyl furfural, vanillin, and vanillic acid. The mutant strain was resistant to higher concentrations of ethanol or lower pH in the presence of sodium acetate, compared to ZM4 which showed more additive inhibition. in vivo $^31p$ NMR studies revealed that intracellular acidification and de-energization were two mechanisms by which acetic acid exerted its inhibitory effect. For $ZM4/Ac^R$, the internal pH and the energy status were less affected by sodium acetate compared to the parent strain. This resistance to pH change and de-energization caused by acetic acid is a possible explanation for the development of resistance by this strain.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.263-269
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• 1992

These studies was conducted to investigate the influence of ALLELOPATHIC effects of upland weeds on crops and soil microorganisms. The aqueous extract of weed residues were used to identify physiological controll of plant and microorganisms. The results obtained are as follows : 1. The aqueous extract of weeds controlled germination and growth of plant, especially the 5%-extract of Potulaca oleracea suppressed the growth of soybean about 8~12%. 2. The 5%-extract of Potulaca oleracea inhibited effect of phytosynthesis of soybean about 60%. 3. The move the concetration of phenolic compounds in soil, the less a number of actinomycetes and bacteria. 4. The number of soil microorganism(fusarium oxysporum spp.) were decresed as to the concentration of vanillic acid was increased.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.29-33
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• 2014

In this study, we examined the antioxidant activity of the naturaceutical extract in vitro using total phenolic contents, total flavonoids contents, DPPH radical scavenging activity, reducing power assay, and phenolic acid contents. The total phenolic and total flavonoids contents of naturaceutical extract were 5.46 mg/g, 2.21 mg/g, respectively. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of natraceutical extract varied from 18.77 ($200{\mu}g/mL$) to 3.44 ($1,000{\mu}g/mL$). The reducing power of the natraceutical extract absorbance varied from 1.07 (0.78 mg/mL) to 3.44 (12.5 mg/mL), and reducing power of extract presented a concentration-dependent activity increase. The highest amounts of trans-ferulic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, p-coumaric acid, vanillin, vanillic acid, p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, and trans-cinnamic acid were observed in the naturaceutical extract at the levels of 750.79, 619.75, 531.34, 222.04, 219.28, 107.40, and $89.56{\mu}g/g$, respectively. The results imply that this antioxidant effect of the naturaceuticals extract could be harnessed in the management and prevention of degenerative diseases associated with oxidative stress.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.234-240
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• 2009

Phytochemical investigation of the MeOH extract of the aerial parts of Bistorta manshuriensis resulted in the isolation of two cerebrosides, two lactams, six phenolic compounds and seven flavonoids. Their chemical structures were characterized by spectroscopic methods to be pinelloside (1), soyacerebroside I (2), pterolactam (3), 5-hydroxypyrrolidine-2-one (4), vanillic acid (5), caffeic acid methyl ester (6), protocatechuic acid (7), caffeic acid (8), 3,5-di-O-caffeoyl quinic acid methyl ester (9), chlorogenic acid methyl ester (10), avicularin (11), afzelin (12), quercetin (13), isoorientin (14), quercetin 3-O-${\beta}$-D-glucoside (15), quercitrin (16), and luteolin (17). The isolated compounds (1 - 4, 7, 12, 14) were isolated for the first time from this plant source and the compounds 1 - 4, 9 and 10 were first reported from the genus Bistorta. Compound 17 exhibited moderate cytotoxicity and compound 6 exhibited weak cytotoxicity against four human cancer cell lines in vitro using an SRB bioassay.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.119-124
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• 2018

Two triterpenoids, arjunolic acid (1), belleric acid (2), five phenylethanoids, martynoside (3), orobanchoside (4), 3,4-dihydroxyphenethylalcohol-6-O-caffeoyl-${\beta}$-$\text\tiny{D}$-glucoside (5), leucosceptoside B (6), lunariifolioside (7), four phenolic acids, ferulic acid (8), syringic acid (9), vanillic acid (10), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (11), and one lignan, (+)-syringaresinol-${\beta}$-$\text\tiny{D}$-glucoside (12), were isolated from the roots of P. umbrosa. All isolated compounds were explored for their antioxidant potential in the DPPH and ABTS assays. In DPPH assay, compound 5 showed high antioxidant capacity. Compounds 3, 4, 6, and 7 displayed considerable antioxidant activities. In addition, compounds 5-7 exhibited potential antioxidant capacities in the ABTS assay.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.259-264
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• 1993

Allelopathic chemicals exudated from plants stimulate or inhibit crops directly or indirectly. To prove the effects of allelochemics, we isolated and identified the compounds by bioassays on the monoculture and crosscropping cultre systems. p-Coumaric acid were exudated on all of the test crops such as tomato, red pepper, lettuce, chinese cabbage and sesame, but pyrogallol and phenylacetic acid on tomato. hydroquinone on red pepper and egg plant, pyrogallol on lettuce, and vanillic acid on chinese cabbage. The highest total concentration of allelochemics was $5,883{\mu}g$ on tomato, lowest was $220{\mu}g/g$ dry plant weight on sesame. On the cross-cropping culture of tomato-egg plant, tomato-red pepper, chinese cabbage-egg plant, chinese cabbage-red pepper and chinese cabbage-sasame, the plant height, aerial dry weight and total dry weight of the tomato and the chinese cabbage were inereased contrast with monoculture, but decreased greatly on red pepper and sesame. Growth rate of both crops on the cross-cropping culture of tomato-chinese cabbage declined, while that of chinese cabbage was increased but lettuce decreased on the chinese cabbage-lettuce cross-cropping culture contrast with monoculture.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.439-445
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• 2009

The process for ethanol production requires lignocellulosic biomass to be hydrolyzed to generate monomeric sugars for the fermentation. During hydrolysis step, a monomeric sugars and a broad range of inhibitory compounds (furan derivatives, weak acids, phenolics) are formed and released. In this study, we investigated the effects of inhibitory compounds on the fermentative performance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae K35 and Pichia stipitis KCCM 12009 in ethanol production, two yeast strains were fermented in the synthetic medium including six inhibitory compounds such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfura (5-HMF), furfural, acetic acid, syringaldehyde, vanillic acid and syringic acid. Ethanol of over 40 g/L was produced by two yeast strains in the absence of inhibitory compounds, respectively. Most inhibitory compounds except acetic acid had a little effect on the ethanol production, but acetic acid showed high inhibition effect on the cell growth and ethanol production.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.75-82
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• 1990

Toxic effert of water extract from leaves of Pinus rigida and some phenolic compounds on the seeds germination of Raphanus sativus var. hortensis for. acanthiformis Makino has been studied. There was little difference of germination percentage among the pH value of leaf extract (pH3~9). The germination percentage drastically with increased concentration level of leaf extract at about 60 percent. Seeds gemination of Raphanus sativus var. hortensis for. acanthiformis Makino inhibited severely by caffeic acid, ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid at M, but the germination percentage was higher than that of the control group in vanillic acid. In electrophoresis, there was no differences at earlier seedling stage of protein band between allelochemical treated and non-treated group, but in late stage, two protein band near 58kd and 27kd did not appeared in the toxic affected group. In case of caffeic acid treatment, two protein band near 58kd and 27kd did not found at late stage too.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.152-159
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• 2014

A phytochemical investigation of Spergularia marina (L.) Griseb. growing in Egypt, has been carried out, which resulted in the isolation of seven compounds from the different extracts of the plant namely; ${\beta}$-sitosterol glucoside, tricin (1) dihydroferulic acid (2), vanillic acid (3), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (4), uracil (5) and 8-hydroxy cuminoic acid (6) Structure elucidation of the isolated compounds was carried out using different spectroscopic techniques. This is the first report for the isolation of these compounds from genus Spergularia. Furthermore, 8-Hydroxy cuminoic acid and uracil were isolated for the first time from family Caryophyllaceae. The chemical composition of the volatile components present in the petroleum ether extract of Spergularia marina (L.) Griseb. using combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is reported here for the first time. Of the 97 components present, 59 were identified including three sulfur containing compounds which represented about 1.8% of the volatiles of the total petroleum ether extract. This prompted us to study and report its possible antimicrobial activity. In addition, the antibacterial and antifungal screening of different extracts of Spergularia marina (L.) Griseb. as well as some isolates have been performed using agar diffusion method.