• 건축역사연구
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.191-204
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• 1992

This study is done in order to settle down as a Architecture Movement mainly had conducted by Theo van Doesburg. The process of this research is mainly focus on the Theo van Doesburg had used it as a house and studio, which had built in November 1930 since Agust 1925. Even though the works and theories of Theo van Doesburg had widely inffuenced on Modern Architects, these were the only experimental paper architecture by conceptural proposal of plastic architecture. Namely, The value of his works and theories did not overcome experimental archtecture. but, Theo van Doesburg left one work, at Meudon near Paris. This study intends to clear the special features of changing process and spatial characteristics on planing throughout from the planning to accomplisment of it.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.187-191
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• 2022

Background: Traffic injuries have become a significant public health problem in low- and middle-income countries. Several studies have examined the role of personality and attitude toward traffic safety in predicting driving behaviors in diverse types of drivers. Few studies have investigated risky behavior among public passenger van drivers. This study aims to identify the predictors of self-reported risky driving behavior among public van drivers. Method: A total of 410 public van drivers were interviewed at terminal stations in Bangkok. Hierarchical regression models were applied to determine the effects of demographics, personality traits, and attitude on self-reported risky driving behaviors. Results: The results indicated that drivers with a high education level, more working days, and high scores for normlessness and anger were more likely to report risky driving behaviors (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The personality traits and attitude toward speeding account for aberrant self-reported risky driving behavior in passenger van drivers. This could be another empirical basis for evidence-based road safety interventions in the context of public transport.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.244-253
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• 2012

Vincent van Gogh is a Dutch postimpressionism artist that is one of the most influential painter of the 20th century with his vivid colors and sensibility. 'The Bedroom at Arles' is the art piece that van Gogh himself had admitted to be a great artwork, which also reflects the story of his life and inner thoughts. The spacial characteristics of 'The Bedroom at Arles' are amanufactures the following. First, the space shown at 'The Bedroom at Arles' exhibits the phenomenon of undoing the law of perspective by authorizing individual existence to the objects and space, instead of fitting in the objects into the space in the order given by the law of perspective; entirely rearranging the reminiscent space from past. Secondly, the expression 'bedroom' reflects that the subject was about his own experience with the space and a representation of his imagination, which is a metaphorical symbol. Thirdly, van Gogh used strong colors and brush touches to express his subjective opinion, which aren't the actual shades of the scene, but chosen only to approach the space and objectives with his own symbolic interpretation from his heart. Through a synthetic overview of the characteristics of van Gogh's 'The Bedroom at Arles', it could be told that he holds an essential Space perception system, in hir inner self. The space is intentionally rearranged and strangely altered to form an entirely new relation, breaking the tension from the systematically stable rules and orders. 'The Bedroom at Arles' seems to express an unique and symbolic sensation and experience through the combination of its colors and spacial structure.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.264-271
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• 2015

Adhesion force of nanomaterials such as nanoparticle, nanowire, and nanorods should be significantly considered for its mechanical applications. However, examination of the adhesion force is limited since it is technically challenging to carry out experiments with such small objects. Therefore, in this work, molecular dynamics simulation (MDS) was conducted to determine the adhesion force between a nanowire and a flat surface, which could not be readily assessed through experiments. The adhesion force of a cylindrical-shaped nanowire was assessed by performing MDS and applying an equation of Van der Waals interaction. Simulation was conducted in two steps: indentation of a spherical tip on the flat surface and indentation of a cylinder on the flat surface, because the purpose of the simulation was comparing the results of the simulation and calculation of the Van der Waals interaction equation. From the simulation, Hamaker constant used for the equation of Van der Waals interaction was determined to be 2.93 °ø 10?18 J. Using this constant, the adhesion force of the nanowire on the flat surface was readily estimated by calculating Van der Waals equation to be approximately 65~89 nN with respect to the diameter of the nanowire. Moreover, the adhesion force of the nanowire was determined to be 52~77 nN from the simulation It was observed that there was a slight discrepancy (approximately 15~25%) between the results of the simulation and the theoretical calculation. Thus, it was confirmed that the calculation of Van der Waals interaction could be utilized to assess the adhesion force of the nanowire.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.113-118
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• 2011

인화점은 화학물질의 연소성의 중요한 지표이다. 최소인화점 현상은 혼합물의 인화점이 개별 성분의 인화점보다 작은 값을 보이는 현상을 의미한다. 이 현상에 대한 정보를 인지하는 것은 매우 중요하다. 혼합물의 특정 조성에서 매우 낮은 인화점을 가질 때 위험한 상황이 발생할 수 있기 때문이다. 본 연구에서는 최소인화점 현상을 보이는 n-butanol + n-decane 계와 n-octane + n-propanol 계의 인화점을 Tag 개방식장치 (ASTM D1310-86)를 이용하여 측정하였다. 실험값은 Raoult의 법칙, van Laar 모델식과 Wilson 모델식에 의해 계산된 값들과 비교되었다. 그 결과 van Laar 모델식과 Wilson 모델식에 의한 예측값이 Rauolt의 법칙에 의한 예측값보다 실험값에 더욱 근접 하였다. 이는 n-butanol + n-decane 계와 n-octane + n-propanol 계와 같은 비이상 용액의 활동도 계수값을, van Laar 및 Wilson 모델식이 Raoult의 법칙보다 정확하게 계산하기 때문이다. 또한 Wilson 모델식의 실험값에 대한 모사성이 van Laar 모델식의 그것보다 우수하였다.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.124-132
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• 2011

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the photosensitizer photogem with light-emitting diode (LED) on vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE). Two VRE strains isolated from the feces of patients. that was identificated Enterococcus faecium (vanA) and Enterococcus gallinarum (vanC1) using traditional biochemical tests and confirmed VRE genotyping from using polymerase chain reaction. In addition, three strains were used Enterococcus. faecalis CDC-286 (vanA), E. faecalis CDC-583 (vanB) and E. gallinarum CDC-42 (vanC1). To examine the antimicrobial effect of photogem mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) against, CFU quantification and Disk diffusion antimicrobial susceptibility test were evaluated. The effects of Photodynamic therapy was not associated with genotype. Photogem mediated PDT perfectly inhibited the colony formation of E. faecalis CDC-286. The number of viable bacteria decreased greatly after PDT application with photogem $50{\mu}g/mL$ and energy density of $15J/cm^2$. The diameter of inhibition zone was increased to after PDT more than before PDT. The case of vancomycin disc on E. faecalis CDC-583 and E. galinanum-Patient were changed from resistant to intermediate resistant, from intermediate resistant to susceptable. These results demonstrate that lethal photosensitization of VRE can be achieved using photogem plus 630 nm LED irradiation.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2005년도 ICCAS
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• pp.706-709
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• 2005

We study the adaptive stabilization of the Van der Pol equation. A parameter update law is designed by the immersion and invariance method, and is used in conjunction with both the feedback linearization and backstepping control laws. Simulation results show that the responses obtained in the adaptive case are very similar to the known parameter case, and the parameter estimator converges to the true value.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제53권6호
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• pp.723-729
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• 2015

고성능액체크로마토그래피(high-performance liquid chromatography, HPLC)에서 C18(octadecyl silica, ODS) 칼럼에서 고리형 아데노신 일인산(cyclic adenosine monophosphate, cAMP)의 크로마토그램을 얻은 후, 모멘트 분석을 수행하였다. 일반속도 모델(general rate model, GR model)을 기반으로 first absolute moment와 second central moment를 계산하였다. 모멘트 분석의 중요한 세 가지 계수인 분자확산계수(molecular diffusivity, $D_m$), 외부물질전달계수(external mass transfer coefficient, $k_f$), 입자내부확산계수(intra-particle diffusivity, $D_e$)는 각각 Wilke-Chang 식, Wilson-Geankoplis 식을 이용하고 이론단수(theoretical plate number) 식과 van Deemter 식을 비교하여 계산하였다. 실험은 각각 세 가지의 이동상 조성, 용질 농도, 유량 조건에서 수행하였다. Van Deemter 그래프를 그려 모멘트 분석결과를 정성적으로 정리했으며, 이론단 상당높이(height equivalent to a theoretical plate, HETP, $H_{total}$)에 $H_{ax}$, $H_f$, $H_d$가 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 van Deemter coefficient를 비교했다. HETP에 가장 큰 영향을 주는 요인은 입자내부확산($H_d$)이었으며 외부물질 전달($H_f$)는 그 영향이 매우 작았다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.503-518
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• 2014

On October 23, 2011, an earthquake of magnitude 7.0 struck Van, Turkey. This powerful earthquake caused the deaths of 604 people, more than 2,000 injuries, and a considerable loss of property. After this devastating earthquake, on November 9, 2011, another earthquake of magnitude 5.7 occurred. This moderate earthquake caused the deaths of 40 people. Partial and total collapse of the masonry and adobe buildings occurred in the rural areas of Van. In this paper, the acceleration records and response spectrums of the earthquakes were given and the structural deficiencies and reasons of the failures of the rural buildings were evaluated according to the Turkish Seismic Code. The observed failures showed that low quality of structural materials, poor workmanship, lack of engineering services and insufficient detailing of the structural elements are the main reasons of damages.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.390-396
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• 2010

Resonant frequencies and the associated vibrational modes of multiwall carbon nanotubes are studied in this paper. The analysis is based on a multiple-elastic beam model, considering intertube radial displacements and the related internal degrees of freedom. Especially, van der Waals interaction is modified considering both all interaction between each layers in multi-wall carbon nanotubes and curvature effect. The results show that modified van der Waals interaction could significantly affect the natural frequencies of multi-walled carbon nanotubes. In particular, non-coaxial intertube resonance will be excited at the higher resonant frequencies of multiwall carbon nanotubes.