• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.271-279
• /
• 1998

This study was conducted to compare the serum composition and urinary excretion in four institutional groups and the effects of intakes of good foods and harmful foods according to the Sasang constitiution for a short time on serum and ruine compositon. The contitutions of 33 female stucdents were classified by O-ring test and muscular strength test according to the Sasang constitution, The number of each institutional group was So-yang-in 11, So-em-in 10 and Tae-em-in 12. No subject belonged to Tae-yang-in There were no significant differences among contitutional groups in the values of most serum composition and urinary excretion Serum levels of total cholesterol, glucose, calcium and phosphorus in Tae-em-in was the highest among groups and the level of albumin and total protein in So-em-in was highest. The values of serum compositions changed after the 33 subjects took good foods and then harmful foods according to The Sasang constitution for a short time(5 days). Dietary behavior of the subjects had some effects among the constitutional groups in the values of most serum composition and urinary excretion. But the effects of dietary behavior on the serum composition and urinary excretion showed various trends in the four institutional groups.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 1994.02b
• /
• pp.158-163
• /
• 1994

Slightly elevated urinary albumin excretion rate (microalhuminuria) is a marker of early diabectic nephropathy, but it is unclear if the established definition of microalbuminuria ($20-200{\mu}g/min$) is correct for children and adolescents. We investigated th.: albumin excretion rate, albumin/creatinine ratio and urinary albumin concentration in 150 healthy schoolchildren and adolescents to (a) obtain a reterence value for albumin excretion rate, (b) relate albumin excretion to pubertal stages and (c) evaluate albumin/creatinine ratio and morning albumin concentration as screening methods for elevated albumin excretion rate. Albumin concentration was measured by immunoturbidimetry in timed overnight urine samples. The albumin excretion showed a skewed distribution (geometric mean $3.2{\mu}g/min$, 95 percentile ($15.1{\mu}g/min$). In girls. a peak in the albumin excretion rate was found at the pubertal stage 4 (Tanner) and in boys at stage 5. Albumin/creatinine ratio of 2.5 mg/mmol as a screening level for elevated albumin excretion ($15{\mu}g/min$) showed a high positive (0.88) and negative (0.99) predictive value.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.87-94
• /
• 1976

In order to study the chelating action of d-penicillamine on lead and the possibility of its application to the provocation test for diagnosis of lead poisoning, urinary excretion of lead was measured from 24-hour urine samples before, during and after administration of d-penicillamine by oral route for 5 days on 18 lead workers. The results were as follows: 1. Oral d-penicillamine 600 mg/day raised the excretion of urinary lead by approximately 3 times as compared with initial urinary lead level. 2. Initial urinary lead level was the better indicator of urinary lead excretion in d-penicillamine administration than initial blood lead ${\delta}-ALA$ and hemoglobin level. 3. Oral d-penicillamine may be quite useful in provocation test for lead poisoning.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.67-74
• /
• 1995

The aim of this study was to investigate the interrelationship among urinary excretion dietary habit of Na, Ca intake and hormonal factors in 22 hypertensive and 30 normotensive hospitalized patients. The results were summarized as follows : 1. Urinary excretion of Na in normotensive patients was not significantly different from that of hypertensive patients, while Ca excretion(as expressed on the basis of mg of creatinine) was significantly higher in hypertensive patients. 2. Habitual dietary intake of Na, Ca in hypertensive patients were not significantly different from those of normotensive patients. 3. There were no significant differences in mean plasma renin activity, aldosterone and parathyroid hormone(PTH) level between two groups. However, systolic pressure significantly correlated with PTH(r=0.2597) and aldosterone level(r=0.24648)(P<0.05). In this study blood pressure did not show any significant relationship between urinary Na excretion and habitual dietary Na intake of Na. It is speculated that individual difference of Na sensitivity might result in heterogenous blood pressure response to dietary Na intake. Higher Ca excretion in hypertensive subjects suggested a future study on the interrelationship between Ca metabolism and aldosterone system in hypertension.

• Toxicological Research
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.315-320
• /
• 2003

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of chitosan on lead metabolism in SD rats. Ten male rats were divided into a experimental group and a control group. Each experimental and control rats were administered by water contaminated with 100 mg/l of lead for 4 weeks, respectively. Experimental group received diets supplemented artificially with 5% of chitosan for 4 weeks. Body weight change, food and water consumption, fecal and urinary excretion, and fecal and urinary lead excretion were measured. There were no significant differences in body weight gain, food and water consumption, and fecal and urinary excretion between the two groups. However, fecal lead excretion of rats fed the diet containing 5% of chitosan were higher than the control group. Whereas urinary lead excretion of rats fed the diet containing 5% of chitosan were lower than the control group. The results suggested that the oral administration of chitosan prevents the gastrointestinal lead absorption in rats.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.26 no.9
• /
• pp.1118-1128
• /
• 1993

This study was undertaken to investigate the acute effect of caffeine consumption on the change of mineral concentration in serum and urinary mineral excretion in healthy young females. On two separate mornings at one week intervals, each subject drank a coffee which contained no caffeine and 3mg/kg body weight caffeine. To obviate dietary effects on mineral concentration in serum and urine, each subject fasted at least ten hours before consuming the test beverage. At one, two, three and four hours, serum and urine production collected seperately for measurement of sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium concentration. The results were as following : 1) Mean age of subjects was 20.6$\pm$0.32, Mean body mass index of subjects was 21.64$\pm$0.89, which was within $\pm$10% of ideal body weight. 2) Total urine volume of caffein groups for 4 hour after caffeine consumption was higher than that of decaffeine one, but urine pH was unchanged after caffeine consumption. Total urinary four hour excretion of creatinine was not affected by caffeine consumption and creatinine clearance also was not different from the control value. 3) In serum, mean three hour content of sodium(p<0.01) and phosphorus was higher in the subject given the caffeine. Mean serum magnesium and calcium contents were lower in caffeine group than that of decaffeine one. Mean serum magnesium content for three hour after caffeine ingestion was affected by caffeine consumption(p<0.001). Mean serum content of potassium was unaffected by caffeine consumption. 4) Total urinary four hour excretion of sodium, increased significantly after caffeine consumption(p<0.05), while total urinary four hour excretion of potassium, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium was unchanged after caffeine intake. Urinary excretion of Na, Ca, P and Mg was greatest at one hour after caffeine consumption, especially urinary sodium and potassium excretion was significantly high(p<0.05, p<0.01). The above results show that only 3mg caffeine per kg body weight increase the urinary macro mineral excretion in healthy young females.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.336-340
• /
• 1995

Urinary excretion of total amino acids was measrued in normal and diabetic rats, streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats excreted increased amount of urinary total amino acids and nitrogen. This suggested increased degradation of body protein. Although excretion of total amino acids increased in the diabetic rats, the amino acid pattern of amino acids for both groups were very similar. The efficiency of dietary protein utilization was significantly lower in diabetic rats then that of normal rats. Streptozotocin injeciton affected the urinary excretion of 3-methylhistidine whereas diet did not. These findings suggest that the rate of urinary excretion of total amino acids can be empolyed as an index of protein metabolism, particulary as a simple index in the assesing the status of protein nutrition.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.69-74
• /
• 1996

Capsaicin(CAP) is a pungent ingredient of hot pepper that has been used as a spicy food additive, pre-servative, and medicine. In this study, the effect of CAP on L-ascorbic acid(AsA)level in various tissues as well as its urinary excretion. and drug-metabolizing enzyme activity in rats were investigated. Rats fed AsA-deficient diets for 17days were injected intraperitoneally with 1mg of CAP in 0.5ml of ethanol-Tween 80-saline(20 :10 : 70, v/v/v). Control rats received the equal volume of the same solution without CAP. Urine was collected for 3 day after the CAP injection, and after 5 days tissues were removed; their AsA contents were measured by high performance liquid chromatography combined with and electrochemical detector. In addition, hepatic microsomal ethoxyresorfin O-deethylase(EROD) activity as measured. Urinary AsA excretion changed significantly following CAP injection. One and two days after CAP injection, the urinary AsA increased 2-and 3-fold in the CAP injected group, compared to the control, but the contents of adrenal glands and brain were lower than those of the control Dehydroascorbic acid contents in adrenal glands of the CAP injected group were higher than that of the control These results suggested that a single large dose of CAP could temporarily cause the redistribution of AsA in tissues accompanying by its urinary excretion, by affecting probably a biological system including mixed function oxygenase system(MFOS)

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
• /
• v.43 no.3
• /
• pp.105-112
• /
• 2011

More accurate evaluation of iodine consumption of Koreans can be made by measuring the urinary iodine excretion of people living in representative areas. The data about average iodine excretions by region, sex and age were gathered in order to suggest as a factor the criteria on the progress or prognosis of thyroid disease patients. This study was conducted on 3,000 subjects (2,000 Younggwang-gun residents and 1,000 Muan-gun residents) between July 2004 and August 2005. The data sampling was done based on stratified random sampling and the data were analyzed according to age (the subjects were divided into age groups, five years each) and sex of the subjects. Of the 3,000 subjects, a total of 1,592 people (1,174 in Younggwang-gun and 418 in Muan-gun) participated in this study, which used ISE (iodine ion selective electrode) to measure the concentration of iodine in urine. The 1,592 subjects are composed of 732 males and 860 females. The average urinary iodine excretion was $3.10{\pm}1.75mg/L$ (0.31~15.2 mg/L). The average iodine excretion of males was $3.09{\pm}1.61mg/L$ (0.42~15.2 mg/L) while it was $3.11{\pm}1.86mg/L$ (0.31~12.5 mg/L) among females, which represents no significant difference between males and females. However, the values were significantly higher than those of Europeans and Americans. There were statistically significant differences among the regions. When the data were analyzed according to age, females in their 40s were found to have a little less urinary iodine excretion and males had less and less iodine excretion as they get older. These results are deemed to have a statistically significant difference. This study was conducted on a large number of people (N=1,592) for the first time in Korea. If the data collected through this study can be regarded as the average urinary iodine excretion of Koreans, it is possible to conclude that the average iodine consumptions of Koreans are a lot more than Europeans and Americans. Thus, the effect of much iodine consumption should be studied further.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.27-34
• /
• 1980

Purpose of this study is to find out proper means of estimating the urinary mercury excretion in the normal individuals. Whole void volume was collected every 2 hours beginning from 6 o'clock in the morning until 6 o'clock next morning. Mercury excretion in each urine specimen was measured by NIOSH recommended dithizone colorimetric method (Method No.: P & CAM 145). Urinary concentration of mercury was adjusted by two means: specific gravity of 1.024 and a gram of creatinine excretion per liter of urine comparing the data with the unadjusted ones. Mercury excretion in 24-hour urine specimen was calculated by adding the amounts measured with the hourly collected specimens of each individual. Statistical analysis of the urinary mercury excretion revealed the following results: 1. Frequency distribution curve of mercury excreted in urine of hourly specimens was best fitted to power function expressed in the form of $y=ax^b$. Adjustment of the urinary mercury concentration by creatinine excretion was shown to be superior($y=1674x^{-1.52},\;r^2=0.95$) over nonadjustment($y=2702x^{-1.57},\;r^2=0.92$) and adjustment by specific gravity of 1.024($y=4535x^{-1.66},\;r^2=0.93$). 2. Both log-transformed mercury excretion in hourly voided specimens and mercury excretion itself in 24 hour specimens showed the normal distributions. 3. The frequency distribution of mercury adjusting the urinary concentration of mercury by creatinine excretion was best fitted to a theoretical normal distribution with the sample means and standard deviation than those unadjusted or adjusted with specific gravity of 1.024. 4. Average urinary mercury excretions in 24-hour urine specimen in an individual were as follows: a) Unadjusted mercury excretion mean and standard deviation : $$18.6{\pm}13.68{\mu}gHg/l$$. median : $$16.0\;{\mu}gHg/l$$. range : $$0.0-55.10\;{\mu}gHg/l$$. b) Adjusted with specific gravity mean : $$20.7{\pm}11.76\;{\mu}gHg/l{\times}\frac{0.024}{S.G-1.000}$$ median : $$20.7\;{\mu}gHg/l{\times}\frac{0.024}{S.G-1.000}$$ range : $$0.0-52.9\;{\mu}gHg/l{\times}\frac{0.024}{S.G-1.000}$$ c) Adjusted with creatinine excretion mean and standard deviation : $$10.5{\pm}6.98\;{\mu}gHg/g$$ creatinine/l median : $$9.4\;{\mu}gHg/g$$ creatinine/l range : $$0.0-26.7\;{\mu}gHg/g$$ creatinine/l 5. No statistically significant differences were found between means calculated from 24-hour urine specimens and those from hourly specimens transformed into logarithmic values. (P<0.05).