• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.325-332
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• 2006

The purpose of this paper is to suggest practical suggestions to mitigate Urban Heat Island(UHI) problems in Daegu regarding urban surface temperature. Urban street trees's size and the relations between urban land use types and surface temperature are analysed using aerial photos, the numerical value map and Landsat TM image with special reference to Jung-gu. Total urban street tree's crown size is $156,217.6m^2$ and it is equal to 2.24% of study area. In addition, the size of 'city and residential area' is $6,681,870m^2$(95.7% of study area), which causes UHI and the total size of 'river' shows the lowest surface temperature area and 'road' and 'business and service area' are the highest surface temperature zones. Therefore, it is probable that the network between urban street trees and the lowest surface temperature areas mitigate UHI effects.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.416-425
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• 2011

To analyze the physical processes of sea-breeze development over a coastal urban area, numerical simulation for seabreeze (SB) and its frontogenesis was examined based on urbanized MM5 (uMM5) with urban canopy parameterization. On 6 August 2006, SB and its front were well developed in Busan under a weak offshore flow. As a result of wind vector, ZVB (Zero Velocity Boundary), potential temperature obtained the uMM5, at 0900 LST, SB advanced below 200 m height in the coastal areas and the internal boundary grew with the urban coastal region. At noon, the height of the SB head with updraft was approximately one and a half times (~600 m) higher than its depth in central urban. Applying the frontogenesis function, the SB structure for frontogenesis and frontolysis were complicated spatially; the dynamic effects of wind (i.e. convergence and tilting term) could play an important role in the growth of SB, especially the convergence effect.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.37-46
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• 2002

The main purpose of this research is to discuss the urban heat island which will be caused by urbanization, especially by the construction of new town on a wide green zone. Over the last ten years, five new towns have been developed around the Seoul metropolitan area. However these new towns become bedroom communities and create traffic problems between Seoul and its surrounding areas because of an increase in population and a lack of roads and other infrastructures. The construction of another such new town is under consideration in the Pan-gyo area. But it is important that Pan-gyo remains a wide green zone. Many studies show that green space can play an important role in improving urban eco-meteorological, ameliorative capability and air hygiene. The objective of this study is to analyze the urban heat islands of Bund-Dang Si which was constructed in 1996 and of the Pan-Gyo area planned as new town. To investigate the local thermal environment and its negative effects caused by change of the land use type and urbanization we used LANDSAT TM images for extraction of urban surface temperature according to change of land use over 15 years. These data were analyzed together with digital land use and topographic data. As a study result, we found that the thermal island of this area from 1985 to 1999 rapidly increased with a difference of mean temperature of more than 12'E. Before construction of Bun-Dang Si the temperature of this area was the same as the forest, but during the new town construction in 1991, an urban heat island developed. The temperature of forest with a size of over 50% of the investigation area was lowest, which leads us to conclude that the forest cools the urban and its surroundings. The mean temperature of the residential and commercial area is more than +4.5$^{\circ}C$ higher then forest, so this method of land use is the main factor increasing the urban heat island. Urban heat islands and green space play an important role in urban wind systems, i.e. Thermal Induced Air Exchange and Structural Wind Circulation, because of their special properties with regard to energy balance between constructed urban and land. The skill to allocate land use types in urban areas is a very important planning device to reduce air pollution and induce the fresh cold air from green space. An urban climatic experiment featuring a numerical wind simulation study to show the air corridor will be published in a following research paper.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.21-36
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• 2023

Entering the era of low growth due to changes in social and economic conditions, most cities across the country are actively promoting urban regeneration. Although urban regeneration is a project with huge national finances, a clear evaluation system has not yet been established. In order to ensure the sustainability of urban regeneration, it is necessary to secure the validity of urban regeneration policies and establish a reflux system to supplement the policies. The purpose of this study is to derive the limitations of the existing comprehensive performance evaluation and to develop an improved urban regeneration policy comprehensive performance evaluation technique based on spatial big data. The urban regeneration comprehensive performance evaluation technique differentiated the areas affected by the urban regeneration project and the surrounding areas based on the type of urban regeneration project and the presence or absence of large cities and middle cities. The effects of urban regeneration were quantitatively verified through relative comparison between the areas affected by urban regeneration projects and the surrounding areas of population, society, economy, industry, physical and environmental evaluation indicators.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.411-423
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to analyze the specialist groups' perception and assessment on the urban development impacts by the EXPO 2012 Yeosu Korea, hosted from May 15 to August 15, 2012. In general, the specialist group positively evaluate about the urban development impacts of the 2012 Yeosu EXPO. They assess considerably positively, in particular on the enhancement of accessibility toward the capital region from Yeosu city, the vitalization of the local economy, the improvement of the city image, the invigoration of tourism resulted from the expansion of tourists accommodation facilities. In addition, they appraise that the urban development of Yeosu city would be advanced about 9.5 years in the wider transportation network and about 9.4 years the improvement of urban residential environment through hosting of the EXPO. They agree with that the image of Yeosu city as a site of marine tourism was significantly improved after the EXPO.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2007.10a
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• pp.556-559
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• 2007

The Urban Environmental Quality (UEQ) indicates a complex and various parameters resulting from both human and natural factors in an urban area. Vegetation, climate, air quality, and the urban infrastructure may interact to produce effects in an urban area. There are relationships among air pollution, vegetation, and degrading environmental the urban heat island (UHI) effect. This study investigates the application of multi-spectral remote sensing data from the Landsat ETM and TM sensors for the mapping of air quality and UHI intensity in Seoul from 2000 to 2006 in fine resolution (30m) using the emissivity-fusion method. The Haze Optimized Transform (HOT) correction approach has been adopted for atmospheric correction on all bands except thermal band. The general UHI values (${\Delta}(T_{urban}-T_{rural})$) are 8.45 (2000), 9.14 (2001), 8.61 (2002), and $8.41^{\circ}C$ (2006), respectively. Although the UHI values are similar during these years, the spatial coverage of "hot" surface temperature (>$24^{\circ}C$) significantly increased from 2000 to 2006 due to the rapid urban development. Furthermore, high correlations between vegetation index and land surface temperature were achieved with a correlation coefficients of 0.85 (2000), 0.81 (2001), 0.84(2002), and 0.89 (2006), respectively. Air quality is shown to be an important factor in the spatial variation of UEQ. Based on the quantifiable fine resolution satellite image parameters, UEQ can promote the understanding of the complex and dynamic factors controlling urban environment.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.9 no.4 s.35
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• pp.362-370
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• 2006

This study examines the current state of and the problems in privately financed station in Korea, and makes suggestions for improving future development of stations. Problems found in this research are as follows. First. the deployment of resting facilities needs to be planned according to whether the users of privately financed station buildings are electric railway passengers or national railway ones. Second, large scale developments with the object of raising operating revenues should be restrained. Third, there are not sufficient spaces for public benefit such as squares in front of stations. Fourth, the surroundings are congested due to lack of connection to neighboring areas through public transportation. Fifth, the absence of integrated development plans causes many inadequate effects on urban functions and views. Sixth, administrative processes for getting licenses and permits are complicated and relevant authorities are not cooperative. To solve these problems in privately financed station buildings, to contribute to the development of the community and to secure publicness, Many problems are not in station buildings themselves but come from insufficient consideration of relevant factors in constructing the buildings Thus, future development of station buildings and their surrounding areas should be planned in consideration of these problems. We expect that the development of areas surrounding railway stations not only improves railway stations themselves but also leads the environmental reform of urban spaces and activates the local community.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2006.03a
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• pp.249-256
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• 2006

New infrastructures and buildings are being constructed increasingly in congested urban areas, and excavation-induced ground movements often cause distortion and damage to adjacent buildings. Protection of adjacent structures occupies a major part of the cost, schedule and third-party impacts of urban development. To limit damage or mitigate their effects on nearby structures, it is highly important to understand the whole mechanism from excavation to building damage, and to estimate building damage reliably before excavation and provide appropriate measures. This paper investigates the effects of excavation-induced ground movements on nearby structures, considering soil-structure interactions for ground and structures, and a building damage criterion, which is based on the state of strain, is proposed. The criterion is compared with other existing damage estimation criteria and a procedure is finally provided for estimating building damage due to excavation-induced ground movements.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.549-558
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• 2010

This study is to investigate the relative impacts of urban growth boundaries(UGBs) on metropolitan growth patterns in the United States over a period of time. Through statistical analyses, we evaluate the extent to which UGBs affect the density of residential development in metropolitan areas with UGBs. We also attempt to understand the overall impact of UGBs and the importance of UGBs relative to other determinants of urban growth patterns. Our works found that urban growth patterns differ significantly between cities with UGBs and cities without. UGBs have significant causal effect on urban housing and population densities, but are relatively less important than other factors. This implies that there are factors affecting the variation for which the given data cannot account. Despite the limitations of the data, the findings of this analysis suggest that UGBs have some positive effects on curbing urban sprawl.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.375-392
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• 2005

Cable supported structures offer an elegant and economical solution for bridging over long spans with resultant low material content and ease of construction. In this paper, a model of shallow cable supported footbridge with reverse profiled pre-tensioned cables is treated and its load deformation characteristics under different quasi-static loads are investigated. Effects of important parameters such as cable sag and pre-tension are also studied. Numerical results performed on a 3D model show that structural stiffness of this bridge (model) depends not only on the cable sag and cross sectional areas of the cables, but also on the pre-tension in the reverse profiled cables. The tension in the top supporting cables can be adjusted to a high level by the pre-tension in the reverse profiled bottom cables, with the total horizontal force in the bridge structure remaining reasonably constant. It is also evident that pre-tensioned horizontally profiled cables can greatly increase the lateral horizontal stiffness and suppress the lateral horizontal deflection induced by eccentric vertical loads.