• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.38 no.1
• /
• pp.25-38
• /
• 2010

This study aims to, first, classify the approach system of utilizing national and local amenities into three groups: evaluation of the level of the amenity, evaluation of the value of amenity resources, and utilization of amenity resources. Secondly, the study aims to derive an evaluation index which is required according to the approach system. As for a strategy of utilizing amenities, the self-diagnosis based on the evaluation of the level of local amenities is required. In this study, three sectors, ten items and 43 detailed items have been derived though specialists, FGIs(Focus Group Interview), and the cases within and outside of the country. In the survey with specialists, a unit-space key index which can be used in accordance with the unit-space characteristics(such as urban and rural area, fishing villages, mountain villages, and littoral areas), environmental area, important index and optional index have been derived. As for the evaluation index which is needed for the development of typical local amenities resources, 14 detailed evaluation indexes from three sectors have been derived. These have been classified again into six key indexes, six important indexes and two optional indexes. In the evaluation index of amenity resources, natural and environmental value-such as ecological value of preservation, uniqueness of aesthetic landscape and ecological value of restoration-historic and cultural value of preservation and individuality of the resources, and aesthetic and cultural values are derived as being important. As for utilization of amenity resources, 15 items from three sectors-such as reservation, restoration, intentional use, and industrial use-have been derived. Also, through a survey with specialists, key indexes and important indexes were derived by unit-space. As a result, in urban areas, seven items-including creative development of space, aesthetic landscape control and development of cultural contents-have been derived as key indexes; in rural areas, mountain villages, fishing villages and littoral areas, eight items-including brand of region, brand of the products, and brand of tourism resources-have been derived. In environmental areas, six items-including reservation of natural resources, historic and cultural heritage, and restoration of ecosystem-have been derived. Indexes derived from this study can be utilized in order to establish a strategy for amenity plans and an implementation strategy, but can be readjusted, allowing for various regional characteristics. It is, thus, advisable that local governments selectively utilize indexes according to regional characteristics or newly develop them for the maximum utilization of regional amenities.

• Land and Housing Review
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.167-176
• /
• 2013

The City Complex Development and TOD originated from the Compact City are entrenched domestically. The New Urban Development such as these changes Structure of Urban space from the Automobile to the Public Transportation. Also, Transit-Oriented Development is drawing attention as sustainability because it has effects of Environment as Green growth. However, An empirical Study is insufficient about Influence Factors of Transit Oriented Development. Therefore This study sets up the Density spaced 1000m apart of Transit Oriented than the existing and did 7 Types considered of Accessibility, Complexity and Design Element according to the Factorial analysis. As a result, this study drew that (1) 'intraregional accessibility of public transit', (2) 'degree of development', 'pedestrian-friendly facility', (3) 'interzonal accessibility of public transit', (4) 'land-use of the city centre', 'complex using of rail station area', 'complementary public transit' are related 201 in number of the Subway stations according to the Multi-dimensional scaling.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.50 no.6
• /
• pp.30-41
• /
• 2022

This study investigates the heat mitigation effects and thermal comfort improvement due to urban parks during summer. Self-developed monitoring devices to measure long-term microclimate data were installed in three spots, including the park plaza, waterside, and roadside in Seoul Forest Park, and measurements were taken from July 9 to July 30. The results of the measurement are as follows. The daily temperature of the park plaza and waterside were found to be 2.7℃ and 2.9℃ lower than the roadside and 5.5℃ and 7.4℃ lower than the roadside from 10:00 to 16:00. In addition, the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) measurement was applied to measure the thermal comfort at each point. In the average daily analysis, a significant difference was found between the park plaza, the waterside, and the roadside, and a greater difference was found between 10:00 to 16:00. Also, although there was no significant difference due to the weather condition, a statistically significant difference was also found in the average PM₁₀ and CO₂ concentrations. It is found to be higher in the order from the roadside, park plaza, and waterside for PM₁₀ concentration and park plaza, roadside, and waterside for CO₂. In sum, although the difference in measured microclimate data and thermal comfort index results were different depending on the time and weather conditions at the three points, the park plaza and waterside, which are located inside the park, showed improved thermal comfort conditions and lower temperatures than the roadside outside the park.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.40 no.6
• /
• pp.79-88
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study were to classify the Y/N in participating the urban farming and to analyze the intention in farm village experience tourism, reason to participate and non-participation, the positive image and negative image between the urbanite group experience in urban farming and the other group that does not experience it. Questionnaire was implemented to the metropolitan urbanite who visited exemplary field farmhouse and urban recreation space to analyze the comparison of groups that experience or do not experience urban farming. The result of this research is as follows: first, experiencing urban farming are relatively less in willingness to participate in the farm village tourism experience than those who do not experience it. Second, the largest reason to participate in farm village tourism experience is found to be the natural environment of farm village tourism experience that is different from that of the city and the effect on children's education. Third, most answers on the reason for not participating in farm village tourism experience is because of the busy daily life. Fourth, urbanite have positive image in general about farm village tourism experience. Especially, when the comparison between the groups was made, it was showed that the difference in understanding the crops growing and the natural environment difference in the city. Fifth, about the negative image on the farm village tourism experience, it showed the difference in understanding the unfamiliar scenery, shortage of eye catching and fun, and the necessity and cost between the groups. Consequently, this study may be significant in the recognition of the farm village tourism experience on urbanite were checked, it was revealed that Y/N experience in the urban farming made negative influence to the willing.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.42 no.4
• /
• pp.37-47
• /
• 2014

This study aims to examine the usage of and satisfaction with neighborhood parks and university campuses and compare through the RPRS analysis of them to figure out how university campuses, as substitutive green spaces, play the role of curative environment for neighboring people. This study relied on two methods: a descriptive method of researching publications and related scholastic writings and an empirical study of researching how the park and campus has been utilized and researching whether the residents are satisfied with the currently existing space and the environment or not, and finally researching how the university campus open space as a curative environment impacts the satisfaction and utilization through reliability analysis. As a result, contribution of healing environment has a relatively high average contribution of 4 or more points, respectively. These results suggest that urban people think that a relationship between man and nature is very important in the overabundance of stress in modern society. It shows that neighborhoods are higher than university campuses in the explanatory of the Attention Restoration Theory, but the campus is higher than the neighborhood park in similarity of configuration. The result of RPRS analysis shows that the therapeutic qualities of the landscape may be very useful to evaluate a college campus open space in "the Revised Perceived Restoration Scale." The results showed that, in future studies, it will be a great help by widespread use of pre-evaluation of the characteristics of restorative environments in the planning, design and other works. To study the impact of the curative features on evaluating future research locations, the location should provide a variety of purposes and motives. At the same time, it should provide specific design ideas to design-related designers by using perceived restoration scale.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.36 no.2
• /
• pp.1-13
• /
• 2008

Bus stops are places that a variety of things happen including waiting, meeting and taking breaks. Therefore, these locations need to be made to meet the usage demands. They should be landscaped to provide a comfortable and satisfying environment for users. At present, bus stops are made with artificial materials and are all unified in form without consideration to landscape, ecology and other characteristics. Users are exposed to the poor surroundings. However, if small urban parks, which are of vital importance as well as extremely convenient, were connected to bus stops, the results would be a quantitative increase in the leisure locations and a qualitative change in the form of improved landscape and various forms of parks. The research was carried out to determine the effects of connecting bus stops and small parks, and the results are as follows. First, small parks provide resting areas for waiting passengers and buses. Second, it provides presently insufficient rest areas with convenience facilities and makes it more comfortable to take buses and use the park. Third, it provides a multi-functional efficient use of space that functions as both bus stop and park. Fourth, it can be a symbolic landmark that can represent the color of the area by adding a cultural element. Fifth, the existing green space in the park can contribute to the natural environment of the city. This study deduced general problems surrounding bus stops on the basis of selected indices and researched bus stops which are being used as parks and the places which have the potential for such purposes, in order to suggest a plan of attack. In addition, this proposal can create a new form of space, the bus stop park, and try to create a module of cases to establish it.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.40 no.3
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2012

This study focused on establishing a natural rainwater circulation system using rainwater meant for relatively large urban development projects such as a new town development. In particular, when the location selection techniques for individual elements of a natural rainwater circulation system are developed for the integrated rainwater management, changes in hydrological environment will be minimized and the natural water circulation would be restored to realize the low impact development (LID). In that case, not only the excess will be reduced but water space and green areas in a city would also increase to improve the urban sustainability. First of all, there were five elements selected for the location selection of a rainwater circulation system intended for the integrated rainwater management: rainwater collection, infiltration, filtration, retention and movement spaces. After generating these items, the location selection items and criteria were defined for each of the five elements. For a technique to apply the generated evaluation items and criteria, a grid cell analysis was conducted based m the suitability index theory, and thematic maps were overlapped through suitability assessment of each element and graded based on the suitability index. The priority areas were identified for each element. The developed technique was applied to a site where Gim-cheon Innovation City development is planned to review its feasibility and limitations. The combined score of the overlapped map for each element was separated into five levels: very low, low, moderate, high and very high. Finally, it was concluded that creating a rainwater circulation system conceptual map m the current land use plan based on the outcome of the application would be useful in building a water circulation system at the de1ailed space planning stage after environmental and ecological planning. Furthermore, we use the results of this study as a means for environment-friendly urban planning for sustainable urban development.

• Land and Housing Review
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.131-140
• /
• 2022

A smart window is a new building material that can realize energy savings in a building. Smart windows can freely adjust Visible Light Transmittance (VLT) and solar gain coefficient (g-value) according to the situation. Smart windows include such technologies as Electrochromic (EC), Suspended Particle Device (SPD), and Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal (PDLC). Recent research on building energy savings through the VLT and g-value control functions of smart windows is being actively conducted and meaningful results are being drawn. However, since most of the research is focused on energy savings, research on the indoor environment is somewhat lacking. A building is a space where people live and the comfort of life should be prioritized before energy savings. Therefore, in this study, analysis on the daylight performance of an office space was carried out. Through green building standards such as LEED, BREEAM, CASBEE, and G-SEED, the daylight performance was reviewed according to VLT value changes of the smart window. In addition, a study was conducted on the VLT range of the electrochromic façade that can maintain a comfortable indoor environment. The smart window used electrochromic control with a wide range of VLT. The study showed that the minimum VLT of a smart window that can satisfy G-SEED is 25% or more. In addition, it was found that the VLT change of the electrochromic smart window did not significantly affect the uniformity of the room. When the LEED standard was applied, the minimum VLT value of the electrochromic smart window that must be maintained according to each orientation of the building was derived.

• Korean System Dynamics Review
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.51-82
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this paper is exploring changes in land use pattern when considering environmental carrying capacity. A sustainable development requires a society to define sustainability constraints, environmental carrying capacity. Environmental carrying capacity can be defined as a level of human activity a region can sustain at a desired level of quality of environment. This concept of environmental carrying capacity can be applied to land use to explore sustainable land use pattern. Since land use pattern can affect environment in an important way, exploring sustainable land use pattern within the limit of environmental carrying capacity can suggest useful implications for a sustainable regional management and planning. For this purpose, this paper built the environmental carrying capacity land use model and applied it to the Metropolitan Area, Korea. System dynamics modeling methods was used to build the model. The model developed in this paper consisted of 6sectors; population, housing, industry, land, environment, and traffic sector. The model limits its main focus on the NO2 level as an indicator of quality of environment in Metropolitan Area. Box model was translated into system dynamics model and combined to urban dynamics model to estimate NO2 level, the maximum number of population, industry structure, housing and maximum amount of land use for industrial, housing, and green space that can sustain desirable NO2 level. Metropolitan area was divided into 16 areas and the model was applied to each area. Since NO2 is flowing in and out from each area, model was built to allow this transboundering nature of air pollutants. Based on the model estimation, several policy implications for a sustainable land use pattern was discussed.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.165-172
• /
• 2003

Temperature lowering effects varied by the arrangement and types of vegetation The effects of the arrangement and types of vegetation on lowering temperature have shown following results. 1) The temperature range of a vegetation shows that a higher temperature was recorded near urban towns while lower temperature was observed around the vegetation area and small streams. 2) The relationship between the arrangement of a vegetation and the temperature indicates that the lower temperature area matches with each vegetation area. Streets between vegetations and the lower end of the wind area have also lower temperature. 3) The relationship between inter-vegetationstreets and the temperature indicates that the lower temperature area has been observed not only at the streets of the lower end of the wind but at the streets in-between streets as well. Even when there's no vegetation area from which the wind blows, inter-vegetation streets showed the lower temperature. 4) With land coverage ratio and the temperature, the increase of planted areas, grass areas, and water level have positive effects on lowering the temperature while bare areas increase it. 5) From arbor to sub-arbor, the increase of trees has a significant effect on lowering the temperature of nearby area.