• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.140-146
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• 2014

Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is a benign but locally aggressive and destructive disease originating in the synovial membranes. It is a proliferative disorder of unknown etiology. Involvement of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is very rare. Computed tomography clearly reveals areas of lytic bone erosion and sclerosis, and also clearly defines the extent of the tumor which is the focal areas of hyperdensity within the soft-tissue mass. Magnetic resonance images invariably show profound hypointensity on both T1- and T2-weighted sequences due to hemosiderin pigmentation. Additionally, high signal intensity on T2-weighted images may indicate cystic loculation of the joint fluid. This case study describes a rare case of PVNS of the TMJ with bone destruction of the mandibular condyle. Complete surgical excision of the lesion was performed through a preauricular approach with temporal extension. During the 10-year follow-up, two more operations were performed due to local recurrence and the fracture of the reconstruction plate. Total joint reconstruction with Biomet was finally performed, and the absence of disease was confirmed with a biopsy report showing fibrosis with hyalinization and mild inflammation of the excised soft tissue from the old lesion.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.1-9
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• 1994

In order to investigate the regional level of air pollutants at Kangwha island situated on the western coast in Korea, the suspended particulate matter samples were collected by using the low volume air sampler on ten interval from March 1992 to February 1993 and the mass concentration of suspended particulate matter (SPM) and the chemical composition of water-soluble major ionic components in SPM samples were measured. During the sampling period, the average concentration of SPM under diameter 10 $\mu$m was found to be 48 $\mu$g/m$^3$ (+ 12). The seasonal concentration of SPM was showed in order of spring>fall>winter>summer. It was considered that higher concentration on spring than other season was affected by the long-range transport of Yellow sand particulate from China continent and lower concentration on summer by the washout and rainout effect of large rainfall. The content of water-soluble component in SPM samples was founded to be about 31% (14.69 $\mu$g/m$^3$) and 65% was unknown or unanalyzed. The content of cationic component showed in order of NH$_4^+$ (44.6%)>Na$^+$ (21.2%)>K$^+$ (14.7%)>Ca$^{2+}$ (13.6%)>Mg$^{2+}$ (5.9 %) and the content of anionic component SO$_4^{2-}$ (62.5%)>NO$_3^-$ (22.3%)>Cl$^-$ (15.2%), respectively. This fact indicates that ammonium and sulfate ion of water-soluble component in SPM sample were dominant in this region. From the chemical composition of water-soluble component, the most of Na$^+$, Mg$^{2+}$ and Cl$^-$ were originated from seawater source but K$^+$, Ca$^{2+}$ and SO$_4^{2-}$ were originated from other non-marine source. The contribution of seasalt to the composition of precipitation was 23%.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.68-72
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• 1995

Segmental dilatation of the colon is a very rare disease entity of unknown etiology and may mimic Hirschsprung's disease. It is characterized by dilatation of a segment of the colon of variable length with obstruction due to lack of peristalsis in a normally innervated intestine. Recently authors experienced a case of segmental dilatation of the sigmoid colon in a 6 month-old male, who presented with severe constipation, abdominal distention, and abdominal mass since 2 months of age. Down's syndrome and congenital nystagmus were associated. Barium enema demonstrated focal dilatation of the sigmoid colon, but the rectum and descending colon proximal t o the affected colon were of normal caliber. Rectal suction biopsy with acetylcholinesterase staining was normal and anorectal manometry showed normal rectosphincteric reflex. At operation, there was a massively dilated and hypertrophied sigmoid colon with increased tortuous serosal vessels, measuring 15 cm in length and 10 cm in width. Teniae coli were identifiable in the affected segment. Frozen section biopsies at the proximal, affected, and distal colon showed ganglion cells. Descending loop colostomy was constructed initially and segmental resection and end to end colocolostomy were carried out 3 months later. Final histologic examination showed 1) normal colonic mucosa with ganglion cells, 2) prominent submucosal fibrosis and marked muscular hypertrophy, 3) unremarkable acetylcholinesterase activity and immunohistochemical findings against S-100 protein. On 8 months follow-up, he has been doing well and moves bowels 1-2 times daily.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.301-307
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• 1993

Intravascular bronchioloalveolar tumor is now recognized as a pulmonary form of hemangioendothelioma(HE). HE is an unusual tumor of adult life which is characterized by proliferation of an "epithelioid" or "spindle" endothelial cell. In the lung it usually presents as multiple bilateral slowly growing nodules less than 2 cm in diameter. The aetiology and pathogenesis of this disease are unknown. Spindle cell HE occurs at any age, but approximately one half of patient are 25 years of age or younger and males are affected twice more frequently than females. On light microscopic examination, the tumor show mild cellular atypia, nearly absent mitoses and electron-microscopic studies reveal evidence of endothelial cell differentiation. Intracytoplasmic localization of Factor VIII-related antigen is demonstrated on immunohistochemical study, which confirmed the endothelial origin of the tumor. No effective therapy is yet known for HE, but survival of this tumor can be quite long. However, one half of the patient have died, usually of progressive pulmonary insufficiency. This 19-yr-old male complained of Rt. chest pain and intermittent hemoptysis. Simple chest film and chest CT scan showed the Rt. pleural effusion, variable sized bilateral pulmonary nodules, irregular large heterogenous tumor with well enhancement and extensive necrosis in the anterior mediastinum. The mediastinal mass was biopsied and diagnosed as spindle cell HE by light microscopic finding and immunohistochemical studies.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.289-309
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• 2019

Marine microalgae have long been used as food additives and feeds for juvenile fish and invertebrates as their nutritional content is beneficial for humans and marine aquaculture species. Recently, they have also been recognized as a promising source for cosmeceutical, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical products as well as biofuels. Marine microalgae of various species are rich in multiple anti-oxidant phytochemicals and their bioactive components have been employed in cosmetics and dietary supplements. Oil contents in certain groups of marine microalgae are extraordinarily rich and abundant and therefore have been commercialized as omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid supplements and mass production of microalgae-based biodiesels has been demonstrated by diverse research groups. Numerous natural products from marine microalgae with significant biological activities are reported yearly and this is attributed to their unique adaptive abilities to the great diversity of marine habitats and harsh conditions of marine environments. Previously unknown toxin compounds from red tide-forming dinoflagellates have also been identified which opens up potential applications in the blue biotechnology sector. This review paper provides a brief overview of the biotechnological potentials of Korean marine microalgae. We hope that this review will provide guidance for future marine biotechnology R&D strategies and the various marine microalgae-based industries in Korea.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.630-637
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• 2016

The chemical components and biological activity of Camellia mistletoe, Korthalsella japonica (Loranthaceae) are relatively unknown compared to other mistletoe species. Therefore, we investigated the phytochemical properties and biological activity of this parasitic plant to provide essential preliminary scientific evidence to support and encourage its further pharmaceutical research and development. The major plant components were chromatographically isolated using high-performance liquid chromatography and their structures were elucidated using tandem mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance anlysis. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory activity of the 70% ethanol extract of K. japonica (KJ) and its isolated components was evaluated using a nitric oxide (NO) assay and western blot analysis for inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2. Three flavone di-C-glycosides, lucenin-2, vicenin-2, and stellarin-2 were identified as major components of KJ, for the first time. KJ significantly inhibited NO production and reduced iNOS and COX-2 expression in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells at $100{\mu}g/mL$ while similar activity were observed with isolated flavone C-glycosides. In conclusion, KJ has a simple secondary metabolite profiles including flavone di-C-glycosides as major components and has a strong potential for further research and development as a source of therapeutic anti-inflammatory agents.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.135-139
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• 2012

The wide diffusion of internet and the overall increased reliance on technology for information communication, dissemination and gathering have created an unparalleled mass of data. Sifting through this data is defining and will define in the foreseeable future a big part of contemporary computer science. Within this data, a growing proportion is given by personal information, which represents a unique opportunity to study human activities extensively and live. One important recurring challenge in many disciplines is the problem of people re-identification. In its broadest definition, re-identification is the problem of newly recognizing previously identified people, such as following an unknown person while he walks through many different surveillance cameras in different locations. Our goals is to review how several diverse disciplines define and meet this challenge, from person re-identification in video-surveillance to authorship attribution in text samples to distinguishing users based on their preferences of pictures. We further envision a situation where multidisciplinary solutions might be beneficial.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.169-182
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• 1978

The Weolagsan area consists of four units; (1) Low grade meta-sediments of the upper members of Ogcheon age unknown group such as Changri (mainly black slate and phyllitic rock), Majeonri (mainly alternation of slate, limestone and chert) and Hwanggangri Formation (pebble bearing phyllitic sediments); (2) Samtaesan Formation of Chosun System of Ordovician; (3) So called meta-volcanics and (4) Weolagsan Granite and its associations which intruded above mentioned meta-sediments and meta-volcanics. This study was focused to know the Woelagsan granite and its metasomatic effects to the country rocks petrographically and petrochemically. According to the field survey, microscopic work and some chemical analysis, the granite is a "normal granite" based on the Streckeisen's classification and belongs to a mass of the Central-zone younger group in Ogcheon geosynclinal belt. The granite metasomatized the country rocks along its northern contact zone. Zone of calcareous and cherty rocks (Majeonri formation) was silicified partly and skarned locally at the contact with the granite. The chemical analysis of the zone show no difinite variations in contents of $SiO_2$ and CaO with the distance from the granite. It seems to be indicated that the silicification of this part was not so metasomatized by the granite body, but thermally affected as much as to be partially remelted in the specific parts of the formations. Meta-volcanic rock zone was slightly chloritized near contact with the granite. Limestone of Samtaesan Formation was silicified and skarned along the contact zone by the granite body. The chemical analysis of the zone show some noticiable changes in compositions of $SiO_2$ and CaO with distance from the granite boundary. It can be imagined that the silicification of this zone was metasomatically originated by Woelagsan Granite. According to chemical analysis on several trace elements, the ratio of Zn/Cr and Ni/Cr are relatively higher than that of Cu/Cr in the above mentioned silicified zones. Generally the variation of these metal elements in the zones tend to be regular with distance from the granite body.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.32.1-32.1
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• 2018

Searching for low surface brightness (LSB) dwarf galaxies in low density environments (isolated and group) can help us resolve the discrepancy between observation and theory known as the 'missing satellite' problem. They are also important to study the evolution of low mass galaxies in these environments. Although the number of dwarfs in such environments is rapidly increasing in many recent studies, it is still not easy to characterize their general properties. Motivated by this, we present preliminary results of our search for LSB dwarf galaxies around 60 nearby galaxies (D<50Mpc) using deep optical images. Imaging data from Maidanak Astronomical Observatory (MAO) in Uzbekistan as a part of Intensive Monitoring Survey of Nearby Galaxies (IMSNG; Im in prep.) and other archival data are used to find previously unknown LSB dwarf galaxies. Extended LSB sources (central surface brightness ${\mu}_0$ > $23mag/arcsec^2$) are first selected in the ${\mu}_0$ - magnitude plane (Rines & Geller 2008). The dwarf galaxy candidates are chosen by visual inspection. We discuss whether these candidates are actual satellite galaxies, by measuring the projected number densities in group environments and in the field. Also, their structural and photometric properties are compared with those of previously discovered dwarf galaxies in the literature.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.108-120
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• 2016

Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate Korean clinical studies on treatment of childhood obesity and to propose for better treatment options for childhood obesity. Methods Based on RISS, KISS, OASIS, KMbase with the keyword 'childhood obesity', 'child obesity', 'obese child', 'overweight child', total of 21 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), 11 single clinical studies, 3 chart reviews and 3 case reports have been found, and were analyzed. Results and Conclusion 1. Some study subjects were classified based on their sex - only men or women in a group or sometimes both. Another way of classify the study subjects were based on their age - preschooler, primary school students, middle school students, and high school students. The diagnostic criteria of the subjects were BMI (body mass index), Body fat percentage, Obesity index, Weight and unknown criteria. 2. The treatments used in 38 studies were exercise alone, education alone, both exercise and education or herbal therapy. The 7 studies that used herbal therapy as part of their study intervention had a study group with herbal intervention only and the other 2 study group with herbal treatment in addition to exercise and education. 3. 9 studies included herb medicines, electroacupuncture, auricular acupuncture, cupping, aroma massage, infrared light, and abdomen pad. Herb medications used in 5 studies included Chegameuiin-tang 2 kinds, Sobieum, Biman-tnag, and I-razin. 4. The methods of assessment used in 38 studies were classified by 7 categories and anthropometry parameters which is the basic methods are used in all studies 5. Almost studies (29 studies in all 38 studies) were using anthropometric parameters results on significantly effectiveness of childhood obesity. 6. More studies are needed to prove true effectives from various treatments, especially herbal therapy for childhood obesity.