• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.153-167
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• 2007

In this study, it is assumed that understanding the nature of science (NOS) would enhance students' performance of scientific inquiry in more authentic ways. The ultimate goal of this study is to suggest new models for developing scientific inquiry activities through understanding the NOS by linking the NOS with scientific inquiry. First, the various definitions and statements of the NOS are summarized, then the features of the developmental nature of scientific knowledge and the nature of scientific thinking based on the philosophy of science are reviewed, and finally a synthetic list of the elements of the NOS is proposed, consisting of three categories: the nature of scientific knowledge, the nature of scientific inquiry, and the nature of scientific thinking. This suggested synthetic list of the NOS is used to suggest a model of scientific inquiry through the understanding of the NOS. This list was designed to provide basic standards regarding the NOS as well as practical guidance for designing activities to improve students' understanding of the NOS.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.121-133
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• 1996

This study investigates the effect of instructional program using Nott & Wellington's" your nature of science profile" to facilitate the understanding about the nature of science for elementary preservice teachers. To do this. this study used posttest only control group design. The students in control group studied the topic by instructional program using textbook and reference book. Experimental group studied by instructional program: (1)evaluating personally one's understanding of the nature of science using Nott and Wellington's "your nature of science profile"; (2)studying the way of understanding the nature of science focusing five dimensions presented in it; (3)knowing other's understanding the nature of science; (4)discussing and evaluating reflectively the various aspect about it. Because the true understanding about the nature of science is not only to know about the method of science but also to know the target of science. We planned to evaluate the effect of instruction by such dichotomous way as evaluating simultaneously the understanding about the method of science and the target of science. Therefore the Questionnaire to evaluate the effect of instruction consisted two pairs of open-ended Questions: first pair is consisted of questions for the representation and judgement of scientific theory, second pair is consisted of questions for components and sources of scientific manipulation of the structure of science. The results of questionnaires by experimental group(n=75) and control group(n=77) are as follows: (1) Analysing responses about first pair of questions in dichotomous way, we identified four different patterns in students' understanding about scientific theory. And the instructional program using Nott & Wellington's "your nature of science profile" is not significantly effective in the distribution of patterns of understanding about scientific theory, but effective in driving out scientifically valid understanding, naturalistic realism, about scientific theory from the students having realistic aspect in representation of scientific theory; (2) Analysing responses about second pair of questions in dichotomous way, we identified five different patterns in students's understanding about structure of science. And the instructional program using Nott & Wellington's "your nature of science profile" is significantly effective in the distribution of patterns of understanding about structure of science, and effective in driving out scientifically valid understanding, dualistic-circular view or dualistic-circular view, about structure of science from the students having dualistic or dualistic aspect in components of structure of science.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.119-125
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• 1997

In the last few years, there has been a significant growth of interest in how the philosophy of science can be related to science education. Adequate understanding of the philosophy and history of science can promote understanding of the nature of science in teacher and student. The 6th curriculum in Korea has also placed emphasis upon understanding of the nature of science. From this point of view, to ensure effective school science education it is necessary to investigate how teachers and students are understanding the nature of science. To do this 45 secondary science teachers and 191 students of 7 schools in Seoul are administered Nott and Wellington's questionaire(1993). This questionaire is consisted of 24 Likert Scale statements and asks questions on 5 subscales of philosophy of science :Relativism-Positivism, Inductivism-Deductivism, Contextualism-Decontextualism, Instrumentalism-Realism, Thinking science education as a Process or a Content. The results of this study are as follows : 1. Teachers' view of the nature of science was relativism, deductivism, decontextualism and instrumentalism. And they thought process is more important than content in science education. 2. There was no difference in teachers' conceptions on the nature of science according to experience and gender. 3. Students' view of the nature of science was relativism, deductivism, decontextualism and instrumentalism. And they thought process is more important than content in science education. 4. There was no difference in students' conceptions on the nature of science according to schools level(middle vs high) and gender. But, female students exhibited higher score than male students on deductivism(p<.05). 5. Teachers' and students' conception of the nature of science was in agreement with each other.

• 한국학교수학회논문집
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.111-122
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to examine high school second graders' understanding of the basic nature of logarithm, the major type of error they made about logarithmic function and the cause of such an error, and to seek ways to instruct it better. For that purpose, three research questions were posed: 1. Investigate how much high school students in their second year comprehend the nature of logarithm. 2. Analyze what type of error they make about logarithmic function. 3. Analyze the cause of their error according to the selected error models and how it could be taught more efficiently. The findings of this study were as below: First, the natural science students had a better understanding of the basic nature of logarithm than the academic students. What produced the widest gap between the two groups' understanding was applying the nature of logarithm to the given problems, and what caused the smallest gap was the definition of logarithm and the condition of base. Second, the academic students had a poorer understanding of the basic nature of logarithmic function graph and of applying the nature of logarithm to the given problems. Third, the natural science students didn't comprehend well the basic nature of logarithmic function graph, the nature of characteristics and mantissa. Fourth, for all the students from academic and natural science courses, the most common errors were caused by the poor understanding of theorem or nature of the ［E4] model. Fifth, the academic students made more frequent errors due to the unfamiliar signs of the ［El］ model, the imperfect understanding of theorem or nature of the ［E4］ model, and the technical part of the ［E6］ model. Sixth, the natural science students made more frequent errors because of the improper problem interpretation of the ［E2］ model and the logically improper inference of the ［E3］ model.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.91-101
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to find out how to be pursued elementary teachers' science instruction according to their understanding toward science. Sixty elementary teachers were involved in the questionnaire, investigating understanding on the nature of science and the science teaching. Two elementary teachers' science classes are observed. Their instructional objectives were analyzed. And their understanding toward science was measured. Teacher A had consistent modern philosophical views of science on the nature of science and science teaching, and teacher B had not consistency Klopfer's science educational objectives category was used to analyse instructional objective. The ideal proportions of the instructional objectives of the observed classes were established from science education specialist group. You ideality index was calculated. You ideality index indicate how far from the ideal proportions of the instructional objectives the observed instruction is. Relative proportions of instructional objectives appeared in science classes were compared with ideal instructional objectives. Instructional objectives containing the modem views appearing classes observed were compared according to teachers' understanding toward science. As results, teachers' understanding toward science showed lack of consistency, which is consisted of modern philosophical view of science on science teaching: modem and classical philosophical view of science on nature of science. Teacher A's instruction was approached more closely to the ideal proportions of the instructional objectives, showing fewer You ideality index. Instructional objectives containing the modern views are more appeared and closer to ideal proportions in teacher A's classes than in teacher B's. A teacher having modern understanding on nature of science would instruct science with modern scientific philosophical perspectives. Therefore teacher preparation programs should include more contents about modern philosophical understanding on the nature of science.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.253-262
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• 2007

이 연구에서는 교사양성 과정에 있는 예비 과학교사들의 과학의 본성에 대한 인식을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구참여자는 사범대학 과학교육학부 4학년에 재학 중인 학생 중에서 선정하였으며 물리교육 전공 5명, 생물교육 전공 8명, 지구과학교육 전공 1명, 화학교육 전공 8명으로 총 22명으로 구성되었다. 인식을 조사하기 위하여 개방형의 질문지를 개발하였다. 개발된 질문지는 크게 과학 지식의 본성, 과학적 방법의 본성, 과학이 미치는 영향의 세 가지 영역으로 이루어졌다. 면담은 반구조화된 형식으로 이루어졌으며, 참여자 1인당 평균 20분 정도 소요되었고, 면담 내용은 모두 녹음한 후 분석을 위하여 전사하였다. 대부분의 예비 과학교사들은 과학 지식의 가변성 및 발달적인 속성에 대해서는 비교적 이해를 잘 하고 있었으나 과학적 진설의 존재에 대한 이중적인 생각을 가지고 있었다. 대부분의 학생들은 과학이 개인 및 사회생활에 미친 영향으로 기술의 측면을 언급하고 있으며, 과학과 기술과의 관게에 대한 제한된 인식으로 가지고 있었다. 과학적 방법에 대해서는 가설연역적 방법을 이용한 실험연구가 더 과학적이라고 생각하는 경향이 있었으며 실험의 과정에 대해 일련의 정형화된 단계가 있는 것으로 인식하고 있었다. 이로부터 볼 때 예비 과학교사들은 과학의 본성의 다양한 측면들에 대해 제대로 이해하지 못하고 있으며 매우 제한된 인식을 갖고 있다고 생각된다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.213-222
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• 2007

이 연구에서는 학생들의 입자론적 물질관과 과학의 본성에 대한 이해도를 높이기 위해 과학사 프로그램을 개발하였다. 이를 중학교 과학 교과서의 ‘물질의 구성' 단원 수업에 적용하고 그 효과를 알아보았다. 개발된 과학사 프로그램은 기원론적 접근법에 근거하고 있으며 고대 그리스 자연철학자들로부터 아보가드로까지의 내용을 담고 있다. 처치 전 과학의 본성에 대한 이해도 검사를 실시하고, 이전 학년의 과학 성적을 조사하였다. 이 연구는 서울 소재 중학교의 2개 학급(실험 집단 1학급, 비교 집단 1학급)에서 총 24차시에 걸쳐 실시되었다. 실험 집단은 과학사 프로그램을 이용한 수업을 받았고 비교 집단은 교과서를 이용한 전통적 수업을 받았다. 처치 후 과학 개념 검사, 과학의 본성에 대한 이해도 검사가 실시되었다. 이 연구의 결과 실험 집단의 과학 개념 점수가 비교 집단에 비해 유의미하게 높았다( p<.01). 이는 실험 집단의 학생들이 비교 집단에 비해 입자적 물질관을 더 많이 갖고 있으며 오개념은 더 적게 갖고 있음을 의미한다. 그러나 과학의 본성에 대한 이해도 점수에서는 두 집단 간의 유의미한 차이는 나타나지 않았다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.314-328
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to examine Korean preservice science teachers' understanding of the nature of science (NOS). Thirty-one Korean preservice teachers were given an open-ended questionnaire about their understanding of NOS. The Korean preservice teachers' responses were categorized according to pattern and theme. These findings will provide information to aid in the development of curriculum and instruction to improve preservice teachers' understanding of NOS. Compared to in previous studies, Korean preservice teachers demonstrated various philosophical stances that have been suggested by philosophers of science. In addition, they were more likely to connect science to human endeavors and social needs. These results were interpreted in relation to the influence of the science methods course, secondary science curriculum, and the traditional cultural view.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.221-239
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• 2009

이 연구는 과학사를 활용하여 과학의 본성을 명시적으로 강조한 과학수업이 학생들의 과학의 본성에 대한 이해의 발달에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 연구 대상은 광역시에 소재한 4개 중학교 3학년 학생 708명이며, 과학사 교수학습프로그램의 사전과 사후에 과학의 본성에 대한 인식을 알아보기 위한 검사와 설문을 실시하였다. 수업처치는 10차시에 걸쳐 이루어졌다. 연구에 대한 정량분석 결과, 학생들은 과학적 지식의 가변성, 과학적 방법을 통한 비판적인 검증, 창의성과 같은 과학의 본성 측면에 대한 인식이 현대적인 관점으로 개선되었음을 보여주었다. 그러나 과학적 지식의 가변성 측면에서 지식의 절대성도 동시에 가지고 있는 것으로 나타나 아직은 인지적 혼란을 겪고 있는 것으로 보였다. 설문과 수행일지에 대한 정성분석 결과, 과학에는 실험이라는 실증적 과정이 필요하다는 견해는 유의미한 변화가 나타나지 않았으나, 과학의 본질적인 특성으로 과학적 지식의 가변성을 언급하는 학생들이 증가하였다. 그러나 학생들이 가지고 있던 과학주의적 경향도 다소 증가하는 이중성을 보여주었다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.553-568
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• 2013

Although many researchers and science educators agree that understanding of the nature of science is essential in order for students to be a scientific literate person, it is not easy to compromise exactly what kind of understanding of the nature of science is required to achieve this goal (Smith & Scharmann, 1999). This study discusses a theoretical background about the nature of science (NOS) including some consensus views of the NOS that several important U.S. educational reform documents and science researchers have presented over the past several decades. Finally, this study proposes an inclusive framework of the nature of science based on the four categories of scientific literacy, which are (1) science as a body of knowledge, (2) science as a way of investigating, (3) science as a way of thinking, and (4) the interaction of science, technology, and society. Each category of the framework includes several statements about the nature of science to describe each theme of the NOS. This framework is comprehensive and inclusive because it is suggested by examining several major U.S. national-level documents and in the publications of science education researchers presented about the nature of science. Significantly, many of the key ideas were added into category (4) and category (3), which indicates that the current literature stresses the relationship among science, technology, and society as well as the work of scientists.