• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.375-395
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• 2012

종전 환기설계기준에 따르면 전속도(10~80 km/h)를 대상으로 환기검토를 수행하였다. 이는 원활시 및 지체시 상황을 모두 고려한 환기계획이며 도심터널 등에서는 합리적인 방법이다. 그러나 최근 지방부 고속도로의 터널은 교통량이 낮고, 지체발생빈도가 매우 낮기 때문에 지정체를 모두 고려하여 환기계획을 수행하는 것은 다소 불합리성이 있다. 따라서 적정 환기계획을 위해 원활교통과 지체교통을 구분할 필요가 있으며, 교통류의 지정체에 따른 지정체 판별식을 개발할 필요성이 제기된다. 본 연구에서는 합리적 환기계획을 위해 지정체 여부에 따른 환기검토 제외속도를 결정하고자 하였다. 먼저 국내 고속도로상 지정체 교통량을 조사하고 지정체 원인을 분석하였다. 그리고 '여유속도' ($u-u_m$) 개념을 도입하여 지정체 판별모델을 개발하였으며 대상터널에 대한 그 적용성을 분석하였다. V/C 비율에 따른 환기검토 제외속도 분석결과, 설계속도 100 km/h 일 경우 V/C 가 0.1 이하일 경우는 40 km/h 이하, V/C 가 0.35 이하일 경우는 30 km/h 이하, V/C 가 0.6 이하일 경우는 20 km/h 이하, V/C 가 0.75 이하일 경우는 10 km/h 이하에서 환기검토 제외가 가능하였다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2016

PURPOSES : This study identifies the causes and the mechanism of the occurrence of underground cavities. METHODS : A case study on cave-in and a series of model tests with a small soil chamber were conducted. RESULTS : A hypothesis about the mechanism of the cave-in in road was established, and the basic influencing factors on underground cavity expansion were identified. CONCLUSIONS : It was found that the characteristics of shear strength of soil and direction of water flow had a larger influence on cavity formation and expansion than the characteristics of internal erosion. In addition, large cavities suddenly expanded when cavities were caused owing to breakage of buried sewer pipe.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.214-222
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• 2016

Changes in road infrastructure affect driving patterns and pollutant emission characteristics. we analyzed the changes in driving patterns and pollutant emission characteristics of the driving route via measured driving patterns at year 2009 and 2016. Since 2009, there has been an increase in population and traffic demand, including residential areas and industrial facilities. Traffic conditions were improved such as the opening of the highway Inter-Change to Seoul and the construction of underground driveway. As a result, the average vehicle speed increased. More detail comparisons have made on the changes of the underground driveway section and the crossroad section, which are expected to have significant changes in the transportation infrastructure. The vehicle speed distribution of the underground driveway changed from low speed to high speed, and the increase of the time spent at the high speed and high load caused the increase of NOx emissions. The vehicle speed also increased at the crossroad section, and the consequence NOx and $CO_2$ emissions decreased. It is mainly because the decreased time spent at idle, which results from the proper traffic demand management at this area.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.92-107
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• 2023

최근 전기차의 지속적인 보급 증가와 함께 전기차 화재사고 역시 급증하는 추세를 보이고 있다. 전기차 화재는 내연기관 차량의 화재에 비해 장기간 지속되며, 2차적인 폭발의 위험 및 다량의 연기를 발생시키는 문제들을 지니고 있는 사고이다. 특히, 반밀폐 공간인 지하도로 내에서의 전기차 화재는 기존 전기차 화재의 문제를 증폭시킬 우려가 있다. 하지만 현재 국내에는 지하도로 내부에서 발생하는 전기차 화재에 대한 관련 대응지침이 부재하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 일반인 대상 설문조사를 통해 화재사고에 대한 인지 수준을 확인하였으며, 지하도로 내 전기차 화재와 관련된 이해관계자들로부터 전기차 화재 특성 및 주요 고려 사항을 도출하였다. 이를 통해 지하도로 내 전기차 화재 대응지침을 구축하였다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.775-791
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• 2015

Due to the extension of communication ways (metro, highways, railways), hence, to improve traffic flow imposes often the difficult crossing that generally drive to the construction of underground works (tunnel, water conveyance tunnel...) plays a major role in the redevelopment of urban areas. This study is focused on the assessment of the interaction response of parallel tunnels, so this study uses the results from the simulation of two tunnels to illustrate a few observations that may aid in practical designs. In this article, simultaneous drilling of highway's twin tunnels is simulated by means of Finite Element Method (FEM) implemented in Plaxis program. So the treated subject appears in a setting of geotechnical where one can be to construct several tunnels sometimes in a ground of weak mechanical characteristics. The objective of this study is to simulate numerically the interaction effects caused by construction of two parallels tunnels. This is an important factor in the study of the total answer of the problem interaction between parallels underground works. The importance of the effects transmitted is function of several parameters as the type of the works, and the mechanical characteristics (tunnel size, depth, and the relative position between two tunnels, lining thickness...). This article describes numerical analyses of two parallels tunnels interaction. This study will be applied to a real case of a section tunnel T4 of the highway East-West (Algeria); the study presented below comprises a series of numerical simulations of two tunnels using the computer program Plaxis which is used in the analyses is based on Finite Element Method.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.25-35
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• 2003

원형지하매설관의 경우 관의 하단부의 다짐이 매우 어렵고, 또한 다짐효율이 떨어져서 지하매설물의 안정성을 저감시키고, 이로 인해 각종 파손이 발생하는 문제점을 가지고 있다. 이러한 문제점을 해결할 수 있는 하나의 대안으로 저강도 콘크리트 개념을 지반공학에 적용하여 만들어진 CLSM을 이용하는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 지금까지의 CLSM 실내실험결과를 이용하여 현장적용성 시험을 하기 위한 중간단계로서 베딩재, 뒤채움재, 관의 종류를 변화시킨 20가지 사례에 대한 PENTAGON 유한요소 프로그램을 이용하여 수치해석을 실시하였다. 수치해석을 실시한 결과 뒤채움재로 CLSM을 사용하는 경우에 토사나 일반모래를 사용한 경우보다 지표면 및 관의 침하를 현저히 감소시키는 것으로 해석되었다. 관의 연직변위를 놓고 볼 때 토사 뒤채움을 사용한 경우에 연성관의 변위량이 강성관의 2배 정도에 달했으나 CLSM으로 대체한 경우에는 오히려 토사 뒤채움에 강성관을 사용한 경우보다 변위가 줄어들었다. CLSM 뒤채움에 강성관을 사용한 경우도 유사하게 나타났고, CLSM이 구조적인 지지 역할을 확실히 함을 보여준다.

• 한국터널공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국터널공학회 2005년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.233-247
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• 2005

Most tunnel lining material which has been used in the domestic is a concrete. But many problems as the construction period, the cost, and the crack occurrence for the design, construction, and management were happened in the concrete lining. For this reason, many research institutes like the Korea Highway Corporation recognize the necessity of an alternate material development and grow on the interest for that. So in this study, the seismic behaviour characteristics for the application of the Corrugated Steel Plate Lining in cut-and-cover tunnel are evaluated as several conditions for the backfill height, the cutting slope, and the relative density of backfill soil are changed. The compressive stress which is calculated in the Corrugated Steel Plate Lining by the seismic load is decreased as the backfill height increases and the cut slope grows gentle. Also, the moment shows the tendency of decrease according to the increase of the backfill height. But in the case of the relative density of the backfill soil is small, the moment increases according to the increase of the backfill height and affects the dynamic behaviour characteristic. So it is considered that the relative density of the backfill soil is also the important point. As the result in analyzing the seismic response characteristics of the reinforcement spacing of the Corrugated Steel Plate, the variation in the compressive force is hardly happened, but the moment and the shear force increase on the reinforcement spacing being narrow.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.167-171
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• 2014

TORANOMON HILLS is the main building of a large-scale re-development project located in the center of Tokyo. This high-rise building has a height of 247 m and 52 floors above ground, 5 floors below ground, and $62m{\times}80m$ in plan. It is used as hotel, residential facilities, offices, shops and conference facilities. The super structure is mainly a rigid steel frame with response-control devices, using concrete-filled steel tube columns. The underground section is a mixed structure composed of steel, steel-reinforced concrete and reinforced concrete framings. The piled-raft foundation type is used. The remarkable feature of this high-rise building is that the motorway runs through the basements of the building, which makes it stand just above the motorway. This condition is an important factor of the building design. The plan shape is designed to fit along the curve of the motorway. Special columns at the corners are required to avoid placing columns in the motorway. This special column is a single inclined column in the lower floors that branches into two columns in the mid-floors to suit the column location in the upper floors. The cast steel joint is used for the branching point of each special column to securely transfer the stress.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.95-102
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• 2013

PURPOSES: The existing method evaluating the existence of the hollows in concrete pavement does not consider the stiffness of pavement. In addition, the method uses unreasonable logic judging the hollow existence by the deflection caused by zero loading. In this study, the deflection of slab corner due to heavy weight deflectometer (HWD) was measured in concrete pavement sections where underground structures are located causing the hollows around them. METHODS: The modulus of subgrade reaction obtained by comparing the actual deflection of slab to the result of finite element analysis was calibrated into the composite modulus of subgrade reaction. The radius of relative stiffness was calculated, and the relationship between the ratio of HWD load to the radius of relative stiffness and the slab deflection was expressed as the curve of secondary degree. RESULTS: The trends of the model coefficients showing width and maximum value of the curve of secondary degree were analyzed by categorizing the pavement sections into three groups : hollows exist, additional investigation is necessary, and hollows do not exist. CONCLUSIONS: The results analyzed by the method developed in this study was compared to the results analyzed by existing method. The model developed in this study will be verified by analyzing the data obtained in other sections with different pavement structure and materials.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.379-387
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 고속국도 제 12호선 담양-성산간의 양방향 터널의 설계 시, 지반 물성치의 불확실성을 고려하기 위해 위험도 분석에 근거하여 최적의 지보패턴 및 굴착방법을 결정하는 사례를 소개하였다. 이를 위해 지보량과 굴착방법이 다른 3 가지 적용 안을 선정하고, 터널의 안정성을 정량화할 수 있는 개념인 안전율을 사용하여 각각의 경우에 대해 Monte Carlo simulation 기법을 사용하여 위험도를 구하였다. 이때 결과의 신뢰도를 높이기 위하여 정규분포를 만족하는 총 729가지 경우의 지반물성치 조합 (변형계수, 점착력, 내부마찰각)을 생성하여 사용하였다. 또한 터널의 발생변위 및 숏크리트 휨응력 분포를 비교 분석하여 터널의 안정성을 확인하였다.