• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.7.2-7.2
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• 2006

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.265-271
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• 2001

We investigated changes of immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentrations by heating and drying condition. Also it is performed to group for commercial product by promoting of IgG preservation and reducing of protein denaturation. The result was that content of IgG in colostrum was higher than normal milk. Especially, IgG content of colostrum within 12 hrs after parturition was over 44.67mg/ml and it is 60 times of normal milk. IgG contents was reduced rapidly according as passage of the time. IgG content of the sample heating at 30min at 65$^{\circ}C$ was still a little higher that heating for 10sec at 72$^{\circ}C$. IgG denaturation of heat treatment at 100$^{\circ}C$ for 10sec was lower than at 85$^{\circ}C$ for 30min. We investigated the changes of IgG concentrations of kinds of market milk different with heating processing. This result showed that IgG denaturation ratio by ultra high temperature pasteurization (UHT) was higher than long time low temperature pasteurization (LTLT). On the other hands, IgG content by spray drying was 14.5mg/g and freezing drying was 10.8mg/g. It showed that denaturation of protein content by freezing drying was more than spray drying.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.417-420
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• 1993

Changes in color intensity of Hololeion maximowiczii(HM) roots which were treated with freeze drying (FD), $50^{\circ}C$ hot air drying (HAD) and $50^{\circ}C$ hot air drying after steam blanching (HADB) were investigated in this study. Color of HADB was yellow-green while other treatments showed bright brown color. In brown color intensity, optical density at 420 nm of FD treatment was highest but HADB treatment showed the highest value in ultra violet spectrum. Water soluble pigment of HM in state of aquous solution was more unstable for heat treatment than that in state of powder. Activation energy for decomposition of the pigment was 20.9 kcal/mole between $90{\sim}100^{\circ}C$ but 50.6 kcal/mole between $80{\sim}90^{\circ}C$.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.306-307
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• 2000

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.73-76
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• 2009

In ultra-high-strength concrete, chemical shrinkage is larger than drying shrinkage due to using a large amount of cement and admixtures, and this is a factor deteriorating the quality of structures. Thus, we need a new technology for minimizing the shrinkage strain of ultra-high-strength concrete. So, this study have prepared super-high-strength concrete with specified mixing design strength of over 100MPa and have evaluated a method of reducing chemical shrinkage by using expander and shrinkage-reducing agent. According to the results of this study, with regard to the change in length by chemical shrinkage, an expansion effect was observed until the age of seven days. The expansion effect was higher than previous research that used only expander or shrinkage reducing agent. In addition, ultra-high-strength concrete showed a shrinkage rate that slowed down with time, and the effect of the addition of expander material on compressive strength was insignificant. That is shown that required more database to be accumulated through experimental research for the shrinkage strain of members.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.79-84
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• 2015

Pre-drying of 'Fuyu' persimmon was performed right after harvesting from a farm. Pre-drying conditions were varied with room temperature (RT) for 1 day to 7 days, low temperature (LT, at $20{\sim}30^{\circ}C$) for 1 day to 4 days, high temperature (HT, at $30{\sim}40^{\circ}C$) for 3 h to 12 h, and ultra-high temperature (UT, at $50{\sim}60^{\circ}C$) for 30 min to 120 min. Weight loss of pre-dried persimmon was increased from 1.62% up to 2.96% with increased pre-drying temperature and time. Pre-drying at RT resulted more significant weight loss of persimmon compared to that of pre-drying at HT. Minimum firmness loss of persimmon stored at $0^{\circ}C$ for 100 days was obtained at the condition of HT for 6 h. Rate of peel blackening was decreased from 31.5% to 16.4% and 10.9% by pre-drying at HT for 6 h and 9 h, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 1999.04a
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• pp.58-63
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• 1999

Almost all concrete structures have many inevitable cracks for various reasons such as drying shrinkage, heat liberation of cement, fatigues or repeating loads and movements. Conventionally, they are repaired with epoxy materials. The Epoxy resins used by repair materials are different from properties of the base concrete materials such as thermal and mechanical properties - thermal expansion coefficients, bending strength. And the epoxy resin cannot release the water inside the concrete structure and cause corrosion of the steel bars. In this study, before the experiment got launched, we had analyzed cement and slag. Then We blended the two grades of ultra fine cement using high blaine cement and slag. And the cement slurry was produced by water and suprplasticizer to each blended ultra fine cement in various conditions. The slurry produced by each conditions was evaluated with flow properties such as viscosity, dropping time, segregation and observation of dry surface after injection.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2000.10b
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• pp.1095-1100
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• 2000

Concrete structure often exhibit cracks due to the combination of material construction and design error. Minor crack can be tolerated depending on exposure condition, but major cracks are aesthetically unpleasant and affect the durability and safety of the structure. All of the reinforced concrete structure have many inevitable cracks for various reason such as drying shrinkage, heat liberation of cement and over loads. Epoxy resin injection widely used for repairing cracks in concrete is too sensitive to high temperature. Besides, the problem in the epoxy resin injection is the difficulty of quality control after execution. Whereas, Ultra Fine Cement is similar in coefficient of thermal expansion and modulus of elasticity to concrete. The objective of the study is to find out that it is possible for Ultra Fine Cement to be used for repairing cracks in reinforced concrete.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.173-178
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• 2006

Silica aerogel with ultra low density and high porosity has been focused on versatile application due to its fascinating properties. Ambient drying process of waterglass, in this study was researched to fabricate a crack-free monolith body in the point view of cost effective way. Wet gel was obtained by removing of $Na^{+}$ ions in waterglass, which contains 8 wt% of $SiO_{2}$. Xylene, which has a low vapor pressure, was used as a solution substitutor to prevent the formation a cracks during drying. Various surface modifiers like as hexamethyldisilazane (HMDSZ), trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS), methyltriethoxylsilane (MTES), methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) and phenyltriethoxysilane (PTES) were used in order to improve hydrophobicity of the waterglass Silica aerogel. Some physical properties of the surface modified aerogels were investigated by FT-IR, TGA, BET and SEM. Hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity of Silica aerogel is attributed to the Si-OH bond and the non-polar C-H bond groups on the surface of aerogel. Crack-free waterglass aerogel with >90 % of porosity, 17 nm of pore size and <0.15 $g/cm^{3}$ of density was prepared. HMDSZ and TMCS are effective as a surface modifier

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.55-67
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• 1986

Inclusion complexation of tiaprofenic acid (TPA) with cyclodextrins $({\alpha}-,\;{\beta}-,\;{\gamma}-CyDs)$ in aqueous solution and in solid phase was investigated by solubility method, measurement of partition coefficient, ultra-violet, circular dichroism, infrared spectroscopies, powder X-ray diffractometry and differential scanning calorimetry. Investigations were made to prepare inclusion complexes of TPA with ${\beta}-CyD$ in solid powdered form by coprecipitation, freeze-drying, spray-drying and co-pulverization methods. The coprecipitation, freeze-drying and spray-drying methods were successful in obtaining inclusion complexes. The results showed that the latter two methods might be originally superior to the former in obtaining powdered inclusion completes. Especially, it was shown by powder X-ray diffractometry that spray-dried ${\beta}-CyD$ alone, TPA-spray-dried ${\beta}-CyD$ physical mixture, and spray-dried $TPA-{\beta}-CyD$ complex were amorphous. The dissolution behaviours of $TPA-{\beta}-CyD$ systems prepared by above four methods were compared with those of TPA alone and $TPA-{\beta}-CyD$ physical mixture, and the rates of dissolution of TPA in pH 1.2 buffer were greatly enhanced by inclusion complexation and copulverization.