• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2014.10a
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• pp.390-393
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• 2014

The importance of this emerging information security and u-Korea or ubiquitous IT era, and the information security is more important. Especially, the small core device password encryption algorithm is an important part of the secure side channel attack cryptographic algorithms. However, it can provide high level of security, an adversary can attack small core device through implementation of cryptographic algorithms. In this paper describes for the Power Analysis attack and analyze the experimental environment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2004.06a
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• pp.407-417
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• 2004

This study is to verify radiation detection method by using $\alpha$-spectroscopy and ${\gamma}$-spectroscopy for concretes and components which will be generated during the decommissioning of the uranium conversion plant. Components and inside walls of the building were contaminated with natural uranium materials. Some parts of the stainless steel pipes and concretes of the walls were sampled and analyzed their alpha and gamma activities respectively. Alpha and gamma activities are well matched each other in the range of high activity region to 0.01 Bq/g and gamma activities are over estimated comparing alpha activities corresponded in below 0.005 Bq/g region for the natural uranium of AUC sample. The $^{238}U$ originated from natural products of conversion process could be distinguished by measuring $^{214}Pb$ or $^{214}Bi$ and $^{234}Th$ or $^{234m}Pa$. Uranium contaminations mainly are in the wall surface of the plant. Decontamination process of generating wastes which can be reached tp background level gamma activities measured by gamma spectroscopy can also be used to conservative assessment data.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.35 no.2 s.137
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• pp.110-115
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• 2004

For the evaluation of anti-tumor activity of Korean Oldenlandia Herb (KOH) and Radix (KOR), our experiment was performed with methanol extracts of KOH and KOR. They did not shown any cytotoxicity against HT1080 cell lines. However, they effectively showed anti-metastatic activity through inhibition of the adhesion of HT1080 cells to gelatin, downregulated the expression of MMP2 and uPA and upregulated the expression of TIMP2. They also inhibited tube formation of HUVECs induced by bFGF. However, they did not affect DNA topoisomerase I activity. Simiarly, the T/Cs % in KOH and KOR treated mice were increased 134.9% and 171 %, respectively at 2500 mg/kg. These results suggest that KOH and KOR exert anti-tumor activity via anti-metastatic and anti-angiogenic activities. The further study for isolation of effective compounds and its exact mechanism and comparative study with Chinese Oldenlandia Herba will be required.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.35-46
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• 2013

This study aims to examine the early use of Da-bo tap and their transformation by analyzing the various meanings of the term pagoda in Chinese translations, the Sanskrit version of the Lotus Sutra, as well as Dabotap in the Mogao Caves of Dunhuang. In addition, we aim to highlight changes in Dabotap usage, which started out as residential spaces, but transformed into burial spaces over time. The details can be summarized as follows. First, early Buddhist monuments were usually either pagodas serving as burial places for the dead or shrines that were not. A Dabotap is a type of pagoda enshrining the body of Prabhutaratna, and was initially used as a residential space, rather than a burial place for the dead. Second, the terms stupa and caitya are clearly distinguished from each other in the Sanskrit scriptures, and stupa is also further classified into dhatu, sarisa, and atmabhava based on the object being enshrined. In Gyeon-bo-tab-pum, the preconditions for caitya to transform into stupa is presented by explaining that worshipping the space enshrining the body of Prabhutaratna is worthy of the same status as the space enshrining sarira. Third, the Mogao Caves of Dunhuang had been depicted from the Western Wei of the Northern Dynasties until the time of the Yuan Dynasty. It was used as a residential space until the early Sui Dynasty, but was used as both residence and burial places until the Tang Dynasty when pagodas were first being constructed with wheel or circles forms on top, which then gradually changed into stupa (grave towers).

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.81-94
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• 2011

Buddhism that has arisen in India began to build the Stupa to enshrine body and Sari of Buddha as an object of worship. The stupa existed as a tome of holy leaders even before the birth of Buddha, which was called stupa or tupa in the Sanskrit and the Pali, the ancient language of India. The stupa was renamed accordingly in each Buddhism transmitted countries such as Ceylon, Tibet, Nepal, Myanmar, Thailand and China and also reshaped according to their own formative style. But its original meaning and type are kept unchanged. The stupa was established in the 4 holy places including the birth place of Buddha, the place where Buddha found enlightenment, the place where Buddha preached for the first time, and the place where Buddha died. Thus, a pagoda to commemorate holy ancient places is called Chaitya, which became differentiated from the stupa in which Sari is enshrined. The stupa means Nirvana, the eternal body of Buddha, and also a place filled with teaching and preaching of Buddhism. It signifies the symbol of Buddha who escaped from the death and rebirth, to achieve complete extinction, i.e. parinirvana, and to reach ultimate eternal world, rather than simply means death. During the non-statue of th Buddha period, people built the stupa to embody Nirvana of the Buddha, and worshipped the tomb where body of holy saints was enshrined. On the other hand, they also sanctified memorial things such as tools that holy saints used, the Bo tree under which one achieved Nirvana, Dharma cakra that implied words, footprint that carried out mission work, and a way to reach to heaven.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.2151-2157
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• 2016

Scabraside D, a sulfated triterpene glycoside, was extracted from the sea cucumber Holothuria scabra. It shows anti-proliferation in many of cancer cell lines, but the function and mechanisms of action of scabraside D in human cholangiocarcinoma (HuCCA) have not previously determined. In this study, we investigated the activity of scabraside D on HuCCA cell apoptosis, lymphangiogenesis and metastasis in a nude mouse model. Scabraside D induced signs of apoptosis, such as cell shrinkage, nuclear condensation, nuclear fragmentation and DNA fragmentation on TUNEL assays, while effectively decreasing expression of BCl-2 but increasing caspase-3 gene level expression. Immunohistochemistry revealed that scabraside D significantly reduced lymphatic vessel density (LVD). Moreover, scabraside D treatment significantly decreased VEGF-C, MMP-9 and uPA gene expression, which play important roles in the lymphangiogenesis and invasion of cancer cells in metastasis processes. Quantitative real-time PCR showed that scabraside D significantly decreased iNOS and STAT-3 gene expression. This study demonstrated that scabraside D plays a role in activation of HuCCA tumor apoptosis and inhibition of lymphangiogenesis, invasion and metastasis through decreasing BCl-2, MMP-9, uPA and VEGF-C and increasing caspase-3 expression by suppression of iNOS and STAT-3 expression. Therefore, scabraside D could be a promising candidate for cholangiocarcinoma treatment.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.5403-5408
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• 2013

Objective: CXCL12 exerts a wide variety of chemotactic effects on cells. Evidence indicates that CXCL12, in conjunction with its receptor, CXCR4, promotes invasion and metastasis of tumor cells. Our objective was to explore whether the CXCL12-CXCR4 biological axis might influence biological behavior of pancreatic cancer cells. Methods: Miapaca-2 human pancreatic cancer cells were cultured under three different conditions: normal medium (control), medium + recombinant CXCL12 (CXCL12 group), or medium + CXCR4-inhibitor AMD3100 (AMD3100 group). RT-PCR was applied to detect mRNA expression levels of CXCL12, CXCR4, matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2), MMP-9, and human urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA). Additionally, cell proliferation and invasion were performed using CCK-8 colorimetry and transwell invasion assays, respectively. Results: CXCL12 was not expressed in Miapaca-2 cells, but CXCR4 was detected, indicating that these cells are capable of receiving signals from CXCL12. Expression of extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes MMP-2, MMP-9, and uPA was upregulated in cells exposed to exogenous CXCL12 (P<0.05). Additionally, both proliferation and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells were enhanced in the presence of exogenous CXCL12, but AMD3100 intervention effectively inhibited these processes (P<0.05). Conclusions: The CXCL12-CXCR4 biological axis plays an important role in promoting proliferation and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.16-22
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• 1998

Recently, the new technology for the recycling of waste plastics as an alternative he1 of blast furnace ha been developed. In this shldy, the test of plastics injection into a tuyere af the foundry blast furnace were carried out. The injection rate of plastics far this tcst facility war expressed as follows, ${W}_{s}=0.265\frac{{delta}PA}{U}_{g}$, where. Ws, AP, A and Ug are plastic conveying ratc (kgisec), pressure drop between feed hopper and blaqt pressure (alm), cross sectional area of conveying pipe (mi) and superficial velocity of transport air (mhzc) respcctiuely. From the results of semi-continuous test operation during 96 hours, the replacement raho mned out to be 1.38 according to the injection rate of 6. 4 kg-plasticsit-p. With increasing the rate of plaslics injcchon, the content of hydrogen in top gas became increased and the brick temperahlre at bzlly was also increased due to Lhe changes ot the combustion zone shape.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.329-333
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• 1997

Rheological properties of partially purified fucoidans of Laminaria religiosa, sporophylls of Undaria pinnatifida, Hizikia fusiforme, and Sargassum fulvellum in Korea were investigated, The fucoidans produced aqueous solutions of low apparent viscosity with pseudoplastic flow behavior. The viscosity of $5\%$ solution of the fucoidan from sporophylls of U. pinnatifida was 2.2 mPa.s. The activaton energies of L. religiosa, sporophylls of U. pinnatifida, H. fusiforme and S. fulvellum were $8.269\times10^6,\;7.498\times10^6,\;7.141\times10^6,\;and\;6.677\times10^6\;J/Kg.mol$ at 1,500 1/s of shear rate, respectively. The viscosity of the fucoidan solution was increased by the addition of sugar, but that was not changed by addition of NaCl.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.29 no.11
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• pp.29-47
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• 2013

This study undertook research on the sections of 90 harbor structures which applied a pile-type soil improvement using the soil-cement pile and then, determined the minimum replacement rate for each section, showing sufficient stability in all relevant studies including numerical analysis. The reliability of the numerical analysis was verified by a centrifuge model test. As a result of the study, it was revealed that when the foundation soil is too soft ($s_u$ = under 15 kPa), it is unsuitable to apply a pile-type ground improvement to a soil improvement regardless of types of super structures. And a pile-type soil improvement was found to be suitable for a harbor structure with the relative stiffness ratio (n) of less than 50~75 at a maximum and the 2~3 MPa strength of the soil-cement pile. Furthermore the governing factor for the minimum replacement rate for the pile-type soil improvement was turned out to be the allowable horizontal displacement. Therefore, the primary review to see the applicability of the pile-type soil improvement requires the evaluation of horizontal displacements.