• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.36 no.10
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• pp.1022-1029
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• 2003

This study was undertaken to evaluate the antitumor activities of Cordyceps militaris of silkworm pupa (CMP) and silkworm larva (CML), as compared with the effect of cordycepin, an active compound found in Cordyceps militaris. Antiproliferation effect of the test materials were evaluated in the sarcoma-180 cells using the MTT test. For the in vivo study, ICR mice were inoculated i.p. with 1.0 ${\times}$ 10$^{6}$ sarcoma-180 cells/mouse on Day 0, and were again i.p. injected with one of the following substances from Day 1 to Day 10 : saline (control group), 50 mg/kg (CMP50, CML50) ,100 ma/kg (CMP100, CML100), or 200 mg/kg (CMP200, CML200) of Cordyceps militaris water extracts, or 1 mg/kg (C1), 2 mg/kg (C2), or 4 mg/kg (C4) of cordycepin. Pretreatment of the sarcoma-180 cells with 100 mg/ml, 500 mg/ml, and 1000 mg/ml of CML (60.1$\pm$2.5％, 49.8$\pm$3.7％, and 45.4$\pm$0.1％ of the value for untreated control cells, respectively) or CMP (68.3$\pm$2.1％, 55.1$\pm$0.9％, and 51.4$\pm$3.5％ of the value for control cells, respectively) for 48 hrs significantly decreased the survival rate (proliferation) of tumor cells (p<0.05). Body weight of the control mice bearing ascites tumor and injected with saline was 1.4 times of the value for normal animals at day 18. Mice bearing ascites tumor and injected with cordycepin (1, 2, or 4 mg/kg) exhibited a significantly lighter body weight compared with the control mice, while animals injected with CMP or CML (50, 100, or 200 mg/kg) showed a significantly lighter body weight compared with the mice injected with cordycepin. Mice injected with CMP50, CMP100, or CMP200 mg/kg (or CML50, CML100, or CML200 mg/kg) showed a 133％ (or 90％), 80％ (or 62％), and 68％ (or 52％) longer mean survival time, and those treated with C1, C2, or C4 exhibited a 54％, 91％ and 80％ longer survival time compared to the value for control mice injected with saline. These results indicate that the hot-water extracts of Cordyceps militaris of both silkworm pupa and silkworm larva have an anti-proliferation effect of tumor cells as well as the life prolongation effect in mice bearing ascites tumor, which are superior to the activities of cordycepin.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.39-49
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• 2009

Objective : Phyllostachyos Folium (PF) has been used to treat patients with febrile disease consuming the body fluids marked by fever with restlessness, thirst etc. In the theory of herbology, PF can clear away heat and promote the production of the body fluids, relieve restlessness. Recently PF is known to have anti-bacterial, anti-oxidantic effects. Methods : The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of PF on solid tumor in mice in terms of immune-potentiating and direct cytotoxic action of PF in vitro and vivo study. The present author investigated thymocyte and splenocyte proliferation to confirm immune-potentiating activity of PF and also investigated tumor/body weight ratio and survival rates in tumor bearing mice. Result : In this study, administration of PF decreased tumor/body weight ratio significantly, and prolonged survival duration compared to non-treated control. In addition, treatment with PF suppressed proliferation rate of Sarcoma 180 (S-180) cells significantly, and elevated proliferation rates of thymocytes isolated from normal mice. These results were co-related with in vivo study. Conclusion : In conclusion, these results suggest that PF is useful to treat patient with solid tumor, because PF has direct toxic action for tumor cell and immune -potentiating action for T cells. Further study will need to elucidate exact mechanisms related in anti-cancer action of PF.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.35-41
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• 2020

Objectives : The object of this study was to observe anticancer and immunomodulatory effects of Formosa plum aqueous extracts (PLe) on non-small cell lung carcinoma (squamous epithelial carcinoma), NCI-H520, xenograft Balb/c nu-nu nude mice. Method : Three different dosages of PLe, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg were orally administered once a day for 28 days from 11 days after tumor cell inoculation. Five groups, each of seven mice per group were used in the present study as follows. Tumor volume and weights, serum interferon (IFN)-γ levels, serum IL-6 were observed with tumor mass and lymphatic organ histopathology to detect anticancer and immunomodulatory effects. Result : Although no meaningful changes on the tumor weights and volumes were observed after treatment of all three different dosages of PLe, decreases of tumor cell volumes in tumor masses were dose-dependently decreased mediated by increases of apoptosis among tumor cells by treatment of PLe 100 and 200 mg/kg as compared with tumor-bearing control. In addition, decreases on the body weight and gains were also demonstrated in tumor-bearing control with increases of serum IL-6 levels. Conclusion : The results obtained in this study suggest that over 50 mg/kg of PLe showed favorable immunomodulatory and anticachexic effects with anticancer effects in 100 and 200 mg/kg of PLe treated groups on the NCI-H520 cell xenograft. However, detail mechanism studies should be conducted in future with the screening of the biological active compounds in this herb.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.41 no.8
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• pp.1100-1105
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• 2012

Green tea intake is known to have preventive effects against cancer. In this study, we evaluated the tumor suppressive effects of dietary green tea extracts (GTE) as a modulator on cisplatin in an established colon cancer mouse model. The cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity was determined with cell viability of the mouse colon cancer cell line (CT26) in vitro. The influence of GTE on the anti-tumor activity of cisplatin was evaluated by measuring tumor size with digital calipers in mice bearing CT26 colon carcinomas. The CT26 cell viability decreased to 93% at a $20{\mu}g/mL$ concentration of cisplatin. However, cell viability decreased to 15% with a combination of $20{\mu}g/mL$ cisplatin and GTE ($75{\mu}g/mL$). There were no apparent changes in cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity with GTE and epigallocathechin gallate (EGCG) treatments. Tumor size decreased in dietary GTE combining intra-peritoneal cisplatin-injected tumors bearing mice compared with cisplatin or GTE alone administered to tumor-bearing mice. These experiments showed that dietary GTE has a potentiating effect on the cisplatin anti-tumor activity of an established mice colon cancer model. Therefore, the GTE may be a candidate for modulators in anticancer treatments with cisplatin.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.247-253
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• 2006

The antitumor activity of crude saponin mixture obtained from Luffa tuberosa (Roxb.) (Fam; Cucurbitaceae) hairy roots (CSLT) in mice transplanted with Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) was investigated. The EAC-bearing mice receiving 150 and $300{\mu}g/kg$ body weight, (i.p) of CSLT have shown a dose dependent elevation in tumor-tree survival and a highest number of survivors were observed after administration of CSLT $(300{\mu}g/kg)$, which was considered as an optimum dose for its antineoplastic action. The mean survival time (MST) for this dose was approximately $47.1{\pm}0.74d$, when compared with $19.0{\pm}0.36d$ of untreated control. Administration of $300{\mu}g/kg$ CSLT resulted in 130% long-term increased survival time. The measurement of body weight, tumor volume, packed cell volume, viable and non-viable count indicated the efficacy of CSLT in tumor-bearing mice, there was a significant recovery in hematological profiles, and there was depletion in lipid peroxidation levels, and the antioxidant enzyme activities such as GSH, SOD and CAT were restored to near the normal levels. The CSLT was found to be devoid of conspicuous short-term toxicity in the mice when animals were intraperitoneally injected with 250, 500, 750 and $1000{\mu}g/kg$ bodyweight. The treated mice showed conspicuous toxic symptoms only at a dose of $1500{\mu}g/kg$. Mortality of the animals was monitored up to 14 d post drug treatment, $1/7^{th}$ of the $LD_{50}$ dose has been considered for the optimal antineoplastic activity.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.70-81
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• 1987

To elucidate action mechanism of lyophyllan A, an antitumor polysaccharide of Lyophyllum decastes, its immunological activities were examined. Lyophyllan A increased significantly the weights of spleen and liver of mice. Lyophyllan A also restored the decreased thymic weight in tumor-bearing mice. It did not show any direct cytotoxicity against tumor cells, but showed immunopotentiating activities by increasing the number of the plaques in hemolytic plaque assays. Lyophyllan A increased the number of peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) and inhibited the growth of sarcoma 180 mixed with PEC. Moreover the macrophages from lyophyllan A-treated mice exhibited a strong cytotoxic activity towards L5178Y target cells.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.133-140
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• 2007

Anti-tumor activity of Euphorbia hirta (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg) has been evaluated against Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma (EAC) in Swiss albino mice. Intraperitoneal (i.p) administration of Euphorbia hirta was effective in reducing solid tumor mass development induced by EAC cells. It exhibited significant anti-tumor activity in mice, when used at the dose of 100 mg/kg/day i.p., for 14days. The administration of Euphorbia hirta (100 mg/kg/day i.p.) resulted in an increase (P<0.001) of the life span (59.9%) of ascites tumor bearing mice as compared to the control group. After 14 days, on developed tumor masses, Euphorbia hirta administration brought about significant reduction in tumor volume and it reverse the changes in the hematological parameters, responding to tumor inoculation. The results are indicative of the anti-tumor activity of Euphorbia hirta against EAC induced tumor in a dose dependent manner.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.158-168
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• 2010

Objective : Jeungson-Ojeok-Hwan Bijukbang(JOH) has been used to treat patients with tumor etc. In the theory of Korean medicine, JOH can treat Juk-Chui. JOH is known to have treat Juk-Chui. Juk-Chui is analogous to tumor. Methods : For these reasons, the present study was designed to investigate the effects of JOH on solid tumor in mice in terms of immune-potentiating and direct cytotoxic action of JOH in vitro and vivo study. The present author investigated thymocyte and splenocyte proliferation to confirm immune-potentiating activity of JOH and also investigated tumor/body weight ratio and survival rates in tumor bearing mice. Results : In this study, administration of JOH decreased tumor/body weight ratio significantly, and prolonged survival duration compared to non-treated control. In addition, treatment with JOH suppressed proliferation rate of Sarcoma 180 (S-180) cells significantly, and elevated proliferation rates of thymocytes isolated from normal mice. These results were co-related with in vivo study. Conclusion : these results suggest that JOH is useful to treat patient with solid tumor, because JOH has direct toxic action for tumor cell and immune-potentiating action for T cells. Further study will need to elucidate exact mechanisms related in anti-cancer action of JOH.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.242-251
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• 2004

In this piece of research, Prunellae spica is added to Sambonggangyongbaneotang for one group and Trionycis carapax is added to Sambonggangyongbaneotang for the other group. With these two different prescriptions, the degrees of tumor suppression are compared to develop a better prescription. SKH = Sambonggangyongbaneo-tang + Prunellae Spica SKB = Sambonggangyongbaneo-tang + Trionycis Carapax The results were as follows: 1. SKH and SKB demonstrated anti-tumor effects against tumor advancement of S-180 2. SKH and SKB showed on elevation of macrophage for tumor-bearing mice. 3. $100{\mu}g/ml,\;500{\mu}g/ml$ of SKH and $500{\mu}g/ml$ of SKB demonstrated a rise in alkaline phosphates of B-Lymphocyte in the spleen in tumor-bearing mice. Results support a role for both SKH and SKB for anti-tumor effects via endorsement of macrophage and encouragement of B-lymphocyte toward S-180.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.4367-4375
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• 2016

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the anticancer and radio-sensitizing efficacy of a Withania somnifera extract/Gadolinium III oxide nanocomposite (WSGNC) in mice. WSGNC was injected to solid Ehrlich carcinoma-bearing mice via i.p. (227 mg/kg body weight) 3 times/week during 3 weeks. Irradiation was performed by whole body fractionated exposure to 6Gy, applied in 3 doses of 2 Gy/week over 3 weeks. Biochemical analyses as well as DNA fragmentation were performed. Treatment of solid Ehrlich carcinoma bearing mice with WSGNC combined with ${\gamma}$-radiation led to a significant decrease in the tumor size and weight associated with a significant decrease in mitochondrial enzyme activities, GSH content and SOD activity as well as a significant increase in caspase-3 activity, MDA concentration and DNA fragmentation in cancer tissues. Combined treatment of WSGNC and low dose of ${\gamma}$-radiation showed great amelioration in lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status (GSH content and SOD activity) in liver tissues in animals bearing tumors. It is concluded that WSGNC can be considered as a radio-sensitizer and anticancer modulator, suggesting a possible role in reducing the radiation exposure dose during radiotherapy.