• Toxicological Research
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.267-271
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• 1995

A single large dose of ethanol as well as chronic ethanol consumption produces alcoholic fatty liver in human and experimental animals. We examined the effects of YH439, a potential hepatoprotective agent, on alcoholic fatty liver generation in adult female rats. In rats treated with YH439 (250 mg/kg, po) 4 hr prior to a single dose of ethanol (6 g/kg, po), a significant decrease in hepatic triglyceride accumulation was observed. YH439 also has an inhibitory effect on hepatic triglyceride and cholesterol accumulation induced by repeated ethanol treatments for one week. Because it has been known that induction of alcoholic fatty liver is associated with lipid peroxidation and/or hepatic glutathione depression, the effect of YH439 on these parameters was determined in the livers of rats treated with ethanol. Coadministration with YH439 inhibited MDA formation and gIutathione depression induced by acute or repeated ethanol administration. In order to determine the effect of YH439 on ethanol metabolism in vivo, disappearance of ethanol from blood was measured. In rats treated with a single dose of ethanol (6 g/kg, po), the ethanol concentration in blood reached a peak approximately 120 min following the treatment which declined linearly for 18 hrs. YH439 had no effect on the decline of blood ethanol concentration regardless of the dose of ethanol given to rats. These results in this study suggest that YH439 has an inhibitory effect on fatty liver generation induced by acute or repeated ethanol consumption through a mechanism not directly related to the rate of ethanol metabolism in vivo.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.506-510
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• 2000

This experiment was to determine the usefulness of gum safflower phospholipid as a feed ingredient. Forty female broiler chicks were divided into four groups and fed experimental diets containing following fats and oils; beef tallow (Tallow), the blend of safflower oil and palm oil (SP-oil), gum rapeseed phospholipid (Rap-PL), or gum safflower phospholipid (Saf-PL) for 21days. There were no differences in growth performances among the treatments. Abdominal fat weight tended to be reduced in the chicks fed. phospholipids. The activity of hepatic acetyl-CoA carboxylase was significantly reduced in the Rap-PL and Saf-PL as compared to that of Tallow. Feeding dietary phospholipids resulted in a slight reduction in total fat and triglyceride contents in the breast and thigh muscles. In addition, total fat and triglyceride contents in the thigh muscle were significantly decreased by dietary Saf-PL as compared to those of Tallow. These results suggested that dietary gum phospholipids, either from rapeseed or safflower, had desirable effects of lowing abdominal and muscle fats, and could be used as a feed ingredient for broiler diets.

• BMB Reports
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• v.50 no.10
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• pp.510-515
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• 2017

Triglyceride (TG) accumulation causes macrophage cell death, which affects the development of atherosclerosis. Here, we examined whether caspase-2 is implicated in TG-induced macrophage cell death. We found that caspase-2 activity is increased in TG-treated THP-1 macrophages, and that inhibition of caspase-2 activity drastically inhibits TG-induced cell death. We previously reported that TG-induced macrophage cell death is triggered by caspase-1, and thus investigated the relationship between caspase-2 and caspase-1 in TG-induced macrophage cell death. Inhibition of caspase-2 activity decreased caspase-1 activity in TG-treated macrophages. However, caspase-1 inhibition did not affect caspase-2 activity, suggesting that caspase-2 is upstream of caspase-1. Furthermore, we found that TG induces activation of caspase-3, -7, -8, and -9, as well as cleavage of PARP. Inhibition of caspase-2 and -1 decreased TG-induced caspase-3, -7, -8, and -9 activation and PARP cleavage. Taken together, these results suggest that TG-induced macrophage cell death is mediated via the caspase-2/caspase-1/apoptotic caspases/PARP pathways.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.61-66
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• 2003

In order to study the effects of Moschus Herbal-acupuncture on hyperlipidemia, we divided the rats into three groups(Normal group, Control group & Sample group) and performed the experimental research. Hyperlipidemia rats were induced by Triton WR-1339(150mg/kg) for 3days. Sample group was injected Moschus Herbal-acupuncture 0.1 ml/200g for 3 days and control group was injected equal dose of saline. And then we measured the amount of serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipid and HDL-cholesterol. The results were as follows : 1.Moschus Herbal-acupuncture showed decreasing effects on total cholesterol, triglyceride and phospholipid levels in serum significantly(p<0.05). 2.Moschus Herbal-acupuncture showed increasing effects on HDL-cholesterol level in serum significantly(p<0.05). According to the above results, Moschus Herbal-acupuncture showed significant decreasing effects on hyperlipidemia and it is considered that it is appropriate to apply for hyperlipidemia.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.567-572
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• 2010

This study examined the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activities of an ascidian (Halocynthia roretzi) in rats in vivo. Rats were fed on experimental diet including dried ascidian powder (200 mg/kg body weight) for 4 weeks, and then the triglyceride and total cholesterol levels in blood were analyzed. On the ascidian tunic powder diet, the triglyceride level decreased by more than 20.9% and the total cholesterol content decreased by more than 24.4%. In comparison, the triglyceride and total cholesterol level in the blood of rats fed ascidian meat powder decreased only slightly. Therefore, the ascidian tunic powder might be a healthy food with antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.86-92
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• 2004

In order to determine the effect of intravenous He-Ne laser irradiation, values of serum total cholesterol, Triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol were measured. Twenty three patients with hyperlipidemia who visited Gunpo Oriental Medical Center of Wonkwang University were treated with He-Ne laser irridiation and analyzed by Paired T-test of SPSS program. The following results were obtained : The serum Total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol of patients treated with He-Ne laser irradiation showed a significant(P<0.05) decrease, and the serum Triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol of patients treated with He-Ne laser irradiation showed no significant(P<0.05) effects.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.75-83
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• 2003

In order to study the effects of Carthami Flos on the hyperlipidemia, we made hyperlipidemic model by injection of Triton WR-1339 150mg/kg to rats during 3 days. 1 hour after the final injection of Triton WR-1339, Carthami Flos extracts were administered to rats 2ml/200g(p.o.). And after 24 hours, we measured the levels of serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipid and HDL-cholesterol. The results are summarized as follows. 1) Serum total cholesterol levlel of Sample group was significantly decreased compared with Control group(p<0.05). 2) Serum triglyceride level of Sample group was significantly decreased compared with Control group(p<0.01) 3) Serum phospholipid levlel of Sample group was significantly decreased compared with Control group(p<0.05). 4) Serum HDL-cholesterol level of Sample group was significantly increased compared with Control group(p<0.05).

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.185-202
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• 2004

In order to study the effects of Ojuck-san on hyperlipidemia, we divided the rats into three groups(normal group, control group & sample group) and performed the experimental research. Hyperlipidemia rats were induced by oral for 14days. The sample group was administerd the extract of Ojuck-san for 14 days and control group was administerd equal dose of oral. And then we measured the amount of serum Total cholesterol, Triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, Phospholipid, Cholinesterase and Cardiac risk factor. The results were as follows : 1. Ojuck-san showed decreasing effects on Total cholesterol, Triglyceride, LDL -cholesterol, and Phospholipid level in serum significantly(p<0.001). 2. Ojuck-san showed increasing effects on HDL-cholesterol level and Cholinesterase in serum significantly(p<0.05). 3. Ojuck-san showed decreasing effects on Cardiac risk factor in serum significantly.(p<0.001). According to the above results, Ojuck-san showed significant decreasing effects on hyperlipidemia, and it is considered that it is appropriate to apply for hyperlipidemia.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.32 no.2 s.125
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• pp.103-107
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• 2001

The effects of the water extract from the stem bark of Acanthopanax senticosus were evaluated on hyperlipidemic rats induced by lipid rich diet or poloxamer-407. The water extracts, when administered orally for 3 consecutive days in hyperlipidemic rats induced by poloxamer-407 (1 ml of 30%), was found to cause a significant decrease in plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations. The water extracts, when treated orally for 5 consecutive days also showed a significant inhibition of serum total cholesterol and triglyceride level in rats treated with lipid rich diet (15% cholesterol, 1% sodium cholate and 84% com oil). HDL-cholesterol, however, was increased significantly.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.60-66
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• 1999

Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) is known as a potential hepatic carcinogen by single administration. This study was designed to measure the effects of DEN-induced cell damage on the triglyceride and cholesterol concentration in the liver, excluding dietary effects. Fertilized chicken eggs, 10 days before hatching, were randomly divided into three groups (n=20) and each egg was injected 10 ${mu}ell$ of corn oil (vehicle control), 5 $\mu\textrm{g}$ of DEN/10 ${mu}ell$ of DEN/10 ${mu}ell$ into yolk via air sac. After 48 hr and 96 hr incubation, the damage of the chick-embryo liver cell was investigated by electron microscopy and by measuring the concentration of lipid components (total cholesterol, free cholesterol, phospholipid and triglyceride). For eggs administered 10 $\mu\textrm{g}$ of DEN and incuvated 96 hr, in hepatocyte, the nucleus membrane was roughed, the size of nucleolus was apparently increased and euchromatin was accumulated. Mitochondria were condensed and cristae, located mitochondiral inner membrane, were obscured. Additionally, the leaves of triglyceride and cholesterol classes were significantly increased depend on the amount treated with 10 $\mu\textrm{g}$ DEN at 96 hr, but phospholipids component of cell membrane, were decreased with significance. As a conclusion, carcinogen induced hepatic lesion was correlated with the changes in lipid component of liver.