• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.1-6
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• 1987

The objective of this study is to develop a soil hardness tester which can estimate tillage resistance with tae travelling cone-penetrometer. For the study, a series of tests was performed using the cone penetrating in the horizontal direction. Based on the tests above, soil hardness was represented by travelling cone-index vs depth of cone penetration, travelling speed and moisture contents of the soil Resistance characteristics obtained from the experiments were compared with those by a vertical cone-penetrometer and the Yamanaka's soil hardness tester. Following conclusions were made from the study. 1. 8 to 9 peaks per one meter were detected in the resistance curve of cone penetration regardless of the travelling speed of cone-penetrometer when it penetrated the soil in the horizontal direction. This phenomenon seemed to be a similar one noticed in shearing pitch of plowing. 2. Cone index increased as travelling speed increased from 0.08m/sec to 0.5m/sec. 3. Linear relationship was found between the cone indices measured by the travelling coe-penetrometer and Yamanaka's hardness tester. 4. Increasing rate of the cone indices measured by vertical cone-penetrometer decreased as the depth of soil increased while the cone indices by the travelling cone-pentrometer increased linearly.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.120-127
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• 2018

The rural labor force has gradually been decreasing due to the decrement of the farm population and the increment of the aging population. To solve these problems, it is necessary to develop and study autonomous agricultural machinery. Therefore, analyzing the dynamic behavior of vehicles in an autonomous agricultural environment is important. Until now, most studies on agricultural machinery, especially on ground vehicle dynamics, have been done by field tests. However, these field test methods are time consuming and costly with seasonal restrictions. A research method that can replace existing field test methods by using simulations is needed. In this study, we did basic research analyzing the effect of the travelling speed of a tractor on tire slip using simulation software. A tractor simulation model was developed based on field conditions following a straight path. The simulation was done for three ranges of speed: 20 - 30 km/h (considered the normal travelling speed range), 6 - 8 km/h (considered the plow tillage speed range) and 2 - 4 km/h (considered the rotary tillage speed range). The results of the simulation show that the slip ratio and slip angle values tended to increase as the traveling speed range of the tractor decreased. From the simulation results, it can be concluded that at low tractor speeds, it becomes more difficult to control the vehicle path. In future research, simulations will be done with various work environments such as a curved path as well as with various friction coefficient conditions, and the simulation results will be experimentally verified by applying them to an agricultural tractor.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.320-325
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• 2004

The paper deals with the dynamic response of a cantilevered beam under a travelling mass with constant acceleration. Governing equations of motion taking into account all inertia effects of the travelling mass are derived by Galerkin's mode summation method, and Runge-Kutta integration method is applied to solve the differential equations. The effects of the speed, acceleration and the magnitude of the travelling mass on the response of the beam are fully investigated. A variety of numerical results allows us to draw important conclusions for structural design purposes.

• 대한전기학회논문지
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• 제40권12호
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• pp.1203-1210
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• 1991

This paper proposes a new distance relaying method based on fault initiated travelling waves for transmission line protection. The characteristics of this method are ultra high speed and excellent sensitivity. Travelling wave technique which is one of the distance relaying methods uses the discrete cross correlation function for discrimination between internal and external fault is remarkably reduced in case of a close up fault and an inception angle near or equal to zero fault. To cope with this problem, a new fast algorithm which uses backward wave summation method with fixed window is presented. The proposed method has been tested by numerical simulations using the EMTP.

• 대한전기학회논문지:시스템및제어부문D
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.114-119
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• 2001

An automatic train operation(ATO) system executes the operation of constant speed travelling and fixed point parking by using microprocessors instead of driver's manual operation. This paper describes the mathematical model for the train considering unknown disturbances which consist of start resistance, travelling resistance, slope resistance, curve resistance, and so on. The speed controller of ATO system is designed by considering the disturbances. The simulation is executed to verify the speed control and fixed point parking performance and to compare its performance with that of a PID-type ATO control system under disturbances. Simulation results show that the control performance of gain scheduled control scheme for ATO system is better than that of the conventional PID controller.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 1999년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.280-287
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• 1999

An automatic train operation(ATO) system executes the operation of constant speed travelling and fixed point parking by using microprocessors instead of drivers manual operation. This paper describes the mathematical model for the train considering unknown disturbances which consist of start resistance, travelling resistance, slope resistance, curve resistance, and so on. The speed controller of ATO system is designed by considering the disturbances. The simulation is executed to verify the speed control and fixed point parking performance and to compare its performance with that of a PID-type ATO control system under disturbances. Simulation results show that the control performance of gain scheduled control scheme fur ATO system is better than that of the conventional PID controller.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2015

In this study new CVT(Continuously Variable Transmission) system which is adaptable to a small size electric vehicle is proposed available to gradient response CVT. New pulleys consist of springs adapted driving pulley and driven pulley. At the moment a small electric vehicle drive a slope, new system respond to a gradient as overcoming tensional force of springs. We made prototype of gradient response CVT to test parts performance and travelling performance test. As a result of test, belt pitch diameter varied for high torque direction at the gradient. In the flat travelling, acceleration travelling and gradient travelling performance test, the small electric vehicle with gradient response CVT get improved perfomance than the small electric vehicle with reduction gear.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.131-139
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• 1987

본(本) 연구(硏究)에서는 대부분(大部分)의 도시(都市)에서 대중교통수단(大衆交通手段)으로써 주요(主要)한 역할(役割)을 담당(擔當)하고 있는 버스 교통(交通)이 운행시(運行詩) 겪게되는 저해요인(沮害要因)들을 규명(糾明)하고 구간평균(區間平均) 주행속도(走行速度) 모형(模型)을 개발(開發)하는데 연구(硏究)의 목적(目的)을 두었다. 2 대(臺)의 video camera 로 속도계(速度計)와 전방(前方)의 교통상황(交通狀況)을 동시(同時)에 촬영하여 시간(時間)-속도선도(速度線圖)를 작성(作成)한 후, 가로교통규제(街路交通規制)의 상한속도선(上限速度線)에 미달(未達)되는 구간(區間)을 저해구간(沮害區間)으로 보고 이 구간(區間)의 저해요인(沮害要因)을 monitor를 통하여 분석(分析)하였다. 이상(以上)에서 파악(把握)된 저해요인(沮害要因)를 수량화(數量化) 이론(理論)(1류(類))에 의하여 통계적(統計的)으로 규명(糾明)하고 이를 설명변수(說明變數)로 도입(導入)하여 단계적(段階的) 회귀분석(回歸分析) 방법(方法)으로 버스 구간평균(區間平均) 주행속도(走行速度) 모형(模型)을 구축(構築)하였다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.331-338
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• 2017

This study was carried out to investigate the optimum condition of a friction stir welding process for a joint of AA2219-T87 and AA2195-T8 dissimilar aluminum alloys. These alloys are known to have good cryogenic properties, and as such to be suitable for use in fuel tanks of space vehicles. The welding parameters include the travelling speed, rotation speed and rotation direction of the tool. The experiment was conducted under conditions in which the travelling speed of the tool was 120-300 mm/min and the rotation speed of the tool was 400-800 rpm. To investigate the effect of the rotation direction of the tool, the joining was performed by switching the positions of the two dissimilar alloys. After welding, the microstructure was observed and the micro-hardness were measured; non-destructive evaluation was carried out to perform tensile tests on defect-free specimens. The result was that the microstructure of the weld joint underwent dynamic recrystallization due to sufficient deformation and frictional heat. The travelling speed of the tool had little effect on the properties of the joint, but the properties of the joint varied with the rotation speed of the tool. The conditions for the best joining properties were 600 rpm and 180-240 mm/min when the AA2219-T8 alloy was on the retreating side(RS).

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.545-554
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• 2011

철도교량을 주행하는 열차의 진동사용성 확보를 위해 Eurocode, 신간선기준, 호남고속철도 설계지침 등에서는 교량의 처짐과 차체연직가속도로 진동사용성 기준을 제시하고 있다. 호남고속철도 설계지침 경우 Eurocode를 인용하였기 때문에 향후 열차의 주행속도와 경간길이의 향상 및 확장에 맞추어 철도교량의 진동사용성 기준을 보완함에 있어 철도선진국들에 비해 상대적으로 뒤처질 것으로 예상된다. 따라서 고속철도교량 기술의 국외의존도를 줄이고 기술경쟁력을 확보하기 위하여 주행속도의 증가와 열차-교량 진동전달특성 등을 고려할 수 있는 철도교량의 진동사용성 허용처짐을 제시하기 위한 연구를 수행하였다. 본 논문에서는 매개변수 연구와 열차-교량 상호작용해석을 수행하여 주행속도의 증가에 따른 차체연직가속도와 교량변위의 상관관계를 파악하였으며 주행속도의 증가와 더불어 차체연직가속도가 증가하는 경향을 확인하고 가속도증폭계수를 제안하였다. 그리고 교량의 처짐형상과 진동을 정현파와 조화운동으로 가정하고 진동전달함수와 가속도증폭계수를 이용하여 고속철도교량의 진동사용성 허용처짐을 수식으로 전개하였다.