• 대한교통학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.19-33
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• 1995

Conventional traffic assignment techniques usually do not consider traveler's route choice behavior affected by hierachicla strucfture in urban highway system. This study realizes the route choice behavior such that travelers tend to choose more higher level of highway rather than lower level of highway for longer trops. Otherwise, for shorter trips, travelers tend to choose lower level of highway unless they can get sufficient travel time saving by using mojor arterial street or freeway (higher level of highway). Therefore, this study suggests a traffic assignment technique incorrporating route choice behavior related to hierachical highway structure by introducing some perception costs to generalized cost function such as perceptional preference measureemnt for higher level higheay and perceptional penalty when changing to different level of highway. Through simulation analysis, it is shown that the simulation results with the new traffic assignment echnique can be different a lot from the results with the convential method.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2001년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.91-96
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• 2001

Diminishing fare rate to distance is widely applied in transportation field including bus, but the decision method of diminishing rate is not established. The basic concept of diminishing fare rate to distance is that passengers have a benefit according to their travel distance. Furthermore, this can be justified in the standpoint of operator because the cost of long-distance traveller is lower than that of short-distance traveller to make same income. It is essential to introduce diminishing fare rate to distance to decide diminishing rate. We suggested methodologies regarding how to decide diminishing rate on the basis of operator costs.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.106-114
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• 2023

In this study, we developed a method to quantify urban social costs using mobile sensing data, providing a novel approach to urban planning. By collecting and analyzing extensive mobile data over time, we transformed travel patterns into measurable social costs. Our findings highlight the effectiveness of big data in urban planning, revealing key correlations between transportation modes and their associated social costs. This research not only advances the use of mobile data in urban planning but also suggests new directions for future studies to enhance data collection and analysis methods.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.129-140
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• 2007

대중교통 운행계획 수립과정은 이론적인 연구의 특성에 따라 설계, 운영, 그리고 평가 단계로 구분할 수 있다. 운영단계와 평가단계에서 이루어지는 연구들에 대해서는 비교적 체계적으로 정리된 연구와 보고서들이 있으나 설계단계에 관한 연구들은 체계적으로 정리된 적이 없다. 본 연구에서는 대중교통 시스템설계에 관한 기존의 연구들을 검토하여 체계적으로 정리하였다. 또한 해당 연구들의 모형 구조를 자세히 분석하여 이의 풀이법을 정리하여 제시하였다. 설계단계에서 결정되는 결정변수로는 노선(망)의 구조, 노선간격 및 위치, 정류장 간격, 배차간격, 및 소요차량수 등이 있다. 노선설계에 관한 해석적 연구에서는 시스템의 총 비용이 목적함수로 많이 사용되고 이는 이용자의 접근비용, 대기비용, 그리고 통행비용으로 구성되는 이용자비용과 운영자의 운영비용으로 구성된다. 목적함수로 사용되는 대중교통 시스템의 총 비용은 노선간격, 배차간격 등의 결정변수들에 대해 미분가능하고 미분값을 0으로 만드는 값이 존재하며 2계 미분값이 양수이기 때문에 전역 최적해가 존재한다. 따라서 목적함수의 미분값을 0으로 만드는 결정변수가 목적함수를 최소로 만드는 최적치가 되며 이 최적치에서 각 부분 함수값들은 모두 동일해지게 된다. 본 연구는 대중교통 운행계획 중 설계단계의 해석적 연구에 대한 체계적인 이해를 도모할 것이며, 관련 연구를 활성화시키는데 큰 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.37-47
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• 2018

Purpose - In this study, the safety related tasks for low cost carriers' were examined and measures to improve them were suggested. As the air demand increases rapidly, number of passenger has mushroomed in Korea and in order to keep with the demand low cost carriers have played a role. However, low cost carriers' safety related tasks are not reliable level so far. Thus, in this study, the low cost carriers' current situations in terms of safety are investigated, especially regarding how well the ICAO's new safety policies are applied. Research design, data, and methodology - The results of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transportation' investigation are introduced and field study results are analysed. Current status of retaining experts, staffs, administrators in terms of aviation safety tasks of low cost carriers is compared to those of major airliner and low cost carriers' aviation safety culture is also analyzed by examining the systems and questioning staffs. Especially the culture regarding aviation safety is very important because the culture surrounding the safety tasks plays a major role in every respect of conducting the tasks. Results - Overall the current status of low cost carriers' aviation safety tasks is below standard. Especially retaining experts and staffs is basically below the required level. Also, system and organization to conduct safety tasks are not satisfactory. In particular, aviation safety culture is not settled to operate appropriately. Conclusions - The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and member states are continuing to launch new safety policies in response to the surging demand for air travel worldwide. The most urgent and important issue among the various safety policies is to reduce air accidents. In order to reduce the number of accidents, ICAO decided to reduce the number of accidents by using the Reactive Safety Management. ICAO has to ensure that each member country can implement proactive safety management for aviation safety. A safety management system (Safety Management System) is a system in which each member state implements a fulfillment standard. The current situation and problems of the safety management system for each airline are suggested and proposed for improvements.

• 농촌계획
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.137-144
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to measure the cost-benefit of a road construction project in Vietnam through international development cooperation, which includes private grants and Official Development Assistance(ODA). In developing countries, it is difficult and costly to use data on markets, the CVM(Contingent Valuation Method) to measure the WTP(Willingness-to-Pay) as the benefits of road construction are used. A total of 232 villagers in 16 villages of Lao Cai Province in Northern Vietnam have been surveyed. It is found that the Benefit-Cost Ratio(B/C) in all 3 models are found to be well over 1.0, ranging from 2.8 to 3.64 with the discount rate of 0.06. These BC ratios imply the road construction project in Lao Cai can be justified. Also, it is found that the shortened travel time is the most relevant factor for WTP among direct benefits and the enhanced academic achievement of the children is the most relevant factor among indirect benefits, due to easier and faster access to schools, which in turn increase the school attendance rate. The result of this study can be used to justify other similar projects in Vietnam, even though the benefits may have to be reassessed in other countries.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.99-107
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• 2016

PURPOSES : This study was initiated to estimate expressway traffic congestion costs by using Vehicle Detection System (VDS) data. METHODS : The overall methodology for estimating expressway traffic congestion costs is based on the methodology used in a study conducted by a study team from the Korea Transport Institute (KOTI). However, this study uses VDS data, including conzone speeds and volumes, instead of the volume delay function for estimating travel times. RESULTS : The expressway traffic congestion costs estimated in this study are generally lower than those observed in KOTI's method. The expressway lines that ranked highest for traffic congestion costs are the Seoul Ring Expressway, Gyeongbu Expressway, and the Youngdong Expressway. Those lines account for 64.54% of the entire expressway traffic congestion costs. In addition, this study estimates the daily traffic congestion costs. The traffic congestion cost on Saturdays is the highest. CONCLUSIONS : This study can be thought of as a new trial to estimate expressway traffic congestion costs by using actual traffic data collected from an entire expressway system in order to overcome the limitations of associated studies. In the future, the methodology for estimating traffic congestion cost is expected to be improved by utilizing associated big-data gathered from other ITS facilities and car navigation systems.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.205-212
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• 2009

현재 지능형교통시스템(Intelligent Transport Systems, ITS)은 교통시설에 대한 다양한 정보와 자료를 수집하여 가공할 수 있는 첨단교통시스템으로서 사회적 관심이 커지고 있으며, 고속국도 뿐 아니라 일반국도에도 ITS 인프라 구축이 활발히 진행되고 있다. 하지만 ITS 설치에 대한 명확한 효과 분석이 어려워 이에 대한 계량화된 방법론이 필요한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 익산지방국토관리청에서 관할하고 있는 국도 ITS 사업의 효과분석을 위해 경제성분석을 실시하였다. 분석기간을 10년, 할인률을 5.5%로 가정하였으며 효과척도로는 통행시간 절감, $CO_2$ 배출 절감, 연료 절감, 도로전광표지(Variable Message Sign, VMS) 정보의 가치를 선정하여 각 항목에 대한 계량화 방안을 마련하였다. 경제성 분석 결과 익산지방국토관리청의 ITS 구축사업은 편익/비용 비율이 1.20, 내부 수익률이 12.4%, 순 현재 가치가 14.8억원으로 나타나 ITS 구축이 경제성이 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.165-172
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• 1988

도로망(道路網)의 신설(新設) 및 개량사업(改良事業)의 적정화(適正化)를 위하여, 연속적(連續的) 설계변수(設計變數)를 채택(採擇)한 가로망(街路網) 설계기법(設計技法)을 제시(提示)하였다. 이를 위하여 수정(修正)된 Hooke-and-Jeeves 알고리듬을 사용(使用)함으로써, 통행시간(通行時間) 및 통행비용(通行費用)과 도로건설비용(道路建設費用)의 합(合)으로 구성(構成)되는 가로망(街路網) 설계문제(設計問題)의 해(解)를 풀었다. 여러 가지 형태(形態)의 건설비용함수(建設費用凾數)와 초기해(初期解)의 위치(位置), 도로구간별(道路區間別) 개선정도(改善程度)의 초기치별(初期値別)로 이 기법(技法)의 적용도(適用度)를 검토(檢討)하였다. 본(本) 논문(論文)의 연구결과(硏究結果), 가로망(街路網) 설계(設計)의 평가회수(評價回數)를 크게 줄였으며, 효율적(効率的)인 초기해(初期解), 초기용량증감치(初期容量增減値), 근사기법(近似技法) 등이 제시(提示)되었다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.35-45
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• 2018

PURPOSES : This study examines the performance changes of road networks according to the strength of a disaster, and proposes a method for estimating the quantitative resilience according to the road-network performance changes and damage scale. This study also selected high-influence road sections, according to disasters targeting the road network, and aimed to analyze their hazard resilience from the network aspect through a scenario analysis of the damage recovery after a disaster occurred. METHODS : The analysis was conducted targeting Sejong City in South Korea. The disaster situation was set up using the TransCAD and VISSIM traffic-simulation software. First, the study analyzed how road-network damage changed the user's travel pattern and travel time, and how it affected the complete network. Secondly, the functional aspects of the road networks were analyzed using quantitative resilience. Finally, based on the road-network performance change and resilience, priority-management road sections were selected. RESULTS : According to the analysis results, when a road section has relatively low connectivity and low traffic, its effect on the complete network is insignificant. Moreover, certain road sections with relatively high importance can suffer a performance loss from major damage, for e.g., sections where bridges, tunnels, or underground roads are located, roads where no bypasses exist or they exist far from the concerned road, including entrances and exits to suburban areas. Relatively important roads have the potential to significantly degrade the network performance when a disaster occurs. Because of the high risk of delays or isolation, they may lead to secondary damage. Thus, it is necessary to manage the roads to maintain their performance. CONCLUSIONS : As a baseline study to establish measures for traffic prevention, this study considered the performance of a road network, selected high-influence road sections within the road network, and analyzed the quantitative resilience of the road network according to scenarios. The road users' passage-pattern changes were analyzed through simulation analysis using the User Equilibrium model. Based on the analysis results, the resilience in each scenario was examined and compared. Sections where a road's performance loss had a significant influence on the network were targeted. The study results were judged to become basic research data for establishing response plans to restore the original functions and performance of the destroyed and damage road networks, and for selecting maintenance priorities.