• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.12
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• pp.366-377
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• 2010

As internet and mobile technology brings rapid transformation to this society of information, how relations are conducted between customers have become a critical factor influencing companies. Companies are creating Internet communities based on their brands, encouraging customers to actively form and develop brand communities. Thus, this report proposes a plan to analyze the effectiveness of community activities based on the customers active involvement and how to effectively manage and utilize it. The purpose of this research is to understand the effects on-line brand communities and their characters have on customer behavior. Also, it will study the effects community attitudes have on brand decisions and oral transmission communication when on-line brand communities choose a brand. This report was conducted to survey on-line university students to understand how communities' attitude affects the decision of on-line university brand and oral transmissions when students choose to study at a on-line university. According to research, those factors brought positive responses to character of the brand communities(confidentiality of information, interactivity, convenience, intimacy) and by doing so, on the customer's attitude side, positive results on intention of purchase and oral transmissions can be expected. In addition, the character of the brand communities affects intention of purchase and oral transmission communication. Based on this research, it is possible to propose a marketing strategy that revitalizes brand communities' activities.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.20-29
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• 2018

Background: For various reasons such as agricultural and economical purposes, land-use changes are rapidly increasing not only in Korea but also in the world, leading to shifts in the characteristics of local carbon cycle. Therefore, in order to understand the large-scale ecosystem carbon cycle, it is necessary first to understand vegetation on this local scale. As a result, it is essential to comprehend change of the carbon balance attributed by the land-use changes. In this study, we attempt to understand accumulated soil carbon (ASC) and soil respiration (Rs) related to carbon cycle in two ecosystems, artificially turned forest into pastureland from forest and a native deciduous temperate forest, resulted from different land-use in the same area. Results: Rs were shown typical seasonal changes in the alpine pastureland (AP) and temperate deciduous forest (TDF). The annual average Rs was $160.5mg\;CO_2\;m^{-2}h^{-1}$ in the AP, but it was $405.1mg\;CO_2\;m^{-2}h^{-1}$ in the TDF, indicating that the Rs in the AP was lower about 54% than that in the TDF. Also, ASC in the AP was $124.49Mg\;C\;ha^{-1}$ from litter layer to 30-cm soil depth. The ASC was about $88.9Mg\;C\;ha^{-1}$, and it was 71.5% of that of the AP. The temperature factors in the AP was high about $4^{\circ}C$ on average compared to the TDF. In AP, it was observed high amount of sunlight entering near the soil surface which is related to high soil temperature is due to low canopy structure. This tendency is due to the smaller emission of organic carbon that is accumulated in the soil, which means a higher ASC in the AP compared to the TDF. Conclusions: The artificial transformation of natural ecosystems into different ecosystems is proceeding widely in the world as well as Korea. The change in land-use type is caused to make the different characteristics of carbon cycle and storage in same region. For evaluating and predicting the carbon cycle in the vegetation modified by the human activity, it is necessary to understand the carbon cycle and storage characteristics of natural ecosystems and converted ecosystems. In this study, we studied the characteristics of ecosystem carbon cycle using different forms in the same region. The land-use changes from a TDF to AP leads to changes in dominant vegetation. Removal of canopy increased light and temperature conditions and slightly decreased SMC during the growing season. Also, land-use change led to an increase of ASC and decrease of Rs in AP. In terms of ecosystem carbon sequestration, AP showed a greater amount of carbon stored in the soil due to sustained supply of above-ground liters and lower degradation rate (soil respiration) than TDF in the high mountains. This shows that TDF and AP do not have much difference in terms of storage and circulation of carbon because the amount of carbon in the forest biomass is stored in the soil in the AP.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.63 no.2
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• pp.165-172
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• 2007

Background: The pathogenesis of lung cancer includes the accumulation of multiple genetic abnormalities. The CREB-binding protein(CBP) is one of several transcriptional co-activators among various sequence-specific DNA-binding transcription factors. CBP is involved in a wide range of cellular activities, such as DNA repair, cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis that are suspected of contributing to tumorigenesis. The goal of this study was to evaluate CBP expression in a series of human lung tissues containing normal epithelium, premalignant lesions(hyperplasia and dysplasia) and squamous cell carcinomas. Materials and Methods: Immunohistochemical staining was performed on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections by use of a monoclonal anti-CBP antibody. CBP expression was compared in samples from 120 patients with premalignant and malignant histological types including 20 metaplastic specimens, 40 dysplastic specimens, and 60 squamous cell carcinomas in the lung. Results: CBP expression was seen in 35% (7/20) of the metaplastic specimens. 65% (26/40) of the dysplastic specimens, and 70% (42/60) of the squamous cell carcinomas (p<0.05). According to celluar atypism, CBP expression was 50% (10/20) of the low-grade dysplastic specimens and 80% (16/20) of the high-grade dysplastic specimens(p <0.01). By cellular differentiation, CBP expression was seen in 95% (19/20) of the well differentiated squamous cell carcinomas, 85% (17/20) of the moderately differentiated carcinomas and 30% (6/20) of the poorly differentiated lesions (p <0.05). Conclusion: These results suggest that CBP may have an important role in malignant transformation of precancerous lung lesions and may be a marker for malignancy.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.206-212
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• 2006

We have established in culture a spontaneously immortalized bovine embryonic fibroblast (BEF) cell line that has lost p53 and $p16^{INK4a}$ functions. MyoD is a muscle-specific regulator capable of inducing myogenesis in a number of cell types. When the BEF cells were transduced with MyoD they differentiated efficiently to desmin-positive myofibers in the presence of 2% horse serum and 1.7 nM insulin. The myogenic differentiation of this cell line was more rapid and obvious than that of C2C12 cells, as judged by morphological changes and expression of various muscle regulatory factors. To confirm that lack of the p53 and $p16^{INK4a}$ pathway does not prevent MyoD-mediated myogenesis, we established a cell line transformed with SV40LT (BEFV) and introduced MyoD into it. In the presence of 2% horse serum and 1.7 nM insulin, the MyoD-transduced BEFV cells differentiated like the MyoD-transduced BEFS cells, and displayed a similar pattern of expression of muscle regulatory proteins. Taken together, our results indicate that MyoD overexpression overcomes the defect in muscle differentiation associated with immortalization and cell transformation caused by the loss of p53 and Rb functions.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.2597-2602
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• 2015

With the development of economy and improving of people's living standards, people dietary needs will be achieved from subsistence to high nutrition and from high nutrition to healthy transformation. Mushroom as a kind of highly nutritious, low fat, rich vitamin food has a great interest among the people. This makes the mushroom into a new sunrise industry and it gradually from pure manual cultivation develops toward the fully automatic factory. In the process of mushroom factory production, regulation of environmental factors directly affects the yield and quality of mushroom. In related to the methods of mushroom cultivation, the recent technologies apply the new technology such as sensors and IT convergence services. And then cultivating mushroom is managed effectively. This paper in order to solve the above problems and construct an effective mushroom growth environment using technology such as humidity sensor construct an environment that can automatically adjust the humidity. This environment has important significance to improve the level of automation mushroom production, increase yield per unit area and quality of mushroom, increase economic efficiency of mushroom production, and enhance the competitiveness of mushroom production.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.11b
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• pp.1069-1077
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• 2008

The railway abrasion measurement system have to satisfy two conditions to increase the measurement accuracy as follows. The laser region which is projected on the rail have to be extracted without the geometrical distortion. The mapping of the acquired laser region data on the rail profile have to be processed exactly. But, the conventional railway abrasion measurement system is deeply effected by the foreign substance( dust, rainwater, and so on ) on the railway or the sensitive response characteristic of the laser to the external measurement circumstance, and then the measurement errors arise from above factors. When the laser region is projected on the rail extracts from the acquired image, the interference of the light with the same frequency as the laser system occurs the serious problems. In the process of the mapping between the railway profile and the extracted laser region, the measurement accuracy is very highly effected by the geometrical distortion and the abnormal variation. In this Paper, we propose the novel method to increase the accuracy of the railway abrasion measurement dramatically. we designed and manufactured the high precision and fast image processing board with DSP Core and FPGA to measure the railway abrasion. The image processing board has the capability that the image of 1024X1280 from camera can be processed with the speed of 480 frame/sec. And, we apply the image processing algorithm base on the wavelet to extract the laser region is projected on the rail exactly. Finally, we developed high precision railway abrasion measurement system with the error range less than +/-0.5mm by which 2D image data is covered 3D data and mapped on the rail profile using the camera model and the perspective transform.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.35-42
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• 2019

Nut fasteners that require ultra-precise control are required in the overall manufacturing industry including electronic products that are currently developing with the automobile industry. Important performance factors when tightening nuts include loosening due to insufficient fastening force, breakage due to excessive fastening, Tightening torque and angle are required to maintain and improve the assembling quality and ensure the life of the product. Nut fasteners, which are now marketed under the name Nut Runner, require high torque and precision torque control, precision angle control, and high speed operation for increased production, and are required for sophisticated torque control dedicated to high output BLDC motors and nut fasteners. It is demanded to develop a high-precision torque control driver and a high-speed, low-speed, high-response precision speed control system, but it does not satisfy the high precision, high torque and high speed operation characteristics required by customers. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a control technique of BLDC motor variable speed control and nut runner based on vector control and torque control based on coordinate transformation of d axis and q axis that can realize low vibration and low noise even at accurate tightening torque and high speed rotation. The performance results were analyzed to confirm that the proposed control satisfies the nut runner performance. In addition, it is confirmed that the pattern is programmed by One-Stage operation clamping method and it is tightened to the target torque exactly after 10,000 [rpm] high speed operation. The problem of tightening torque detection by torque ripple is also solved by using disturbance observer Respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.212-223
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• 2019

This study is to investigate the relationship between microstructural factors and tensile properties after aging heat treatment of the 15-5PH stainless steel at the temperature range of $450^{\circ}C$, $500^{\circ}C$ and $550^{\circ}C$ for various time. For the aging time of 2 hours, hardness showed maximum at $450^{\circ}C$ and then decreased with increasing aging temperature. While, hardness decreased gradually during aging $450^{\circ}C$, $500^{\circ}C$ and $550^{\circ}C$ from 1 hour to 5 hours but the hardness nearly unchanged until the 100 hours after 5 hours aging. When aging at $450^{\circ}C$, Cu atoms preferentially aggregated at the prior austenite grain boundaries and martensite lath boundaries, and Cu concentration at those boundaries was nearly unchanged even after aging for 100 hours. Therefore it was suggested that the coherency is still maintained after 100 hours aging at $450^{\circ}C$. Aging at $500^{\circ}C$ and $550^{\circ}C$ results in an increase in the concentration of Ni at the martensite lath boundaries and prior austenite grain boundaries, resulting in the formation of reversed austenite. Especially, when aged at $550^{\circ}C$ for 100 hours, the concentration of Ni remarkably increased at those boundaries, and thus the microstructure of herring bone shape was appeared. Considering the migration of Ni atom to the lath boundaries and prior austenite grain boundaries, Ni atoms contributed greatly to the formation of reversed austenite. On the other hand, it was found that Cu atoms hardly moving to those boundaries may not be contributed to the formation of reversed austenite. When aging at $450^{\circ}C$, the coarsening of the precipitated Cu atoms proceeded very slowly with increasing aging time, therefore the decrease in strengths were small but the reduction area was considerably increased due to the softening of the matrix. At the aging temperature of $500^{\circ}C$ and $550^{\circ}C$, the strengths decreased and the elongation and reduction area increased due to the appearance of the reversed austenite. Especially, the increase of reduction area was remarkable.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.353-366
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• 2022

The study sets out to examine the relationship between the effects of government support, network capability, and knowledge sharing on the effects of innovative behavior on innovation performance. As digital-based networks and knowledge sharing activities are rapidly becoming common in the era of the spread of Covid-19, 357 questionnaires were analyzed for incumbent employees and the research hypotheses are verified using SPSS 24 and smart PLS 3 to prove the relationships between variables. As a result of the study, it is found that innovation performance increased when government support, network capability, and knowledge sharing increased. Innovative behavior is found to significantly mediate the relationship between network capability, knowledge sharing, and innovation performance, and government support was found to have a significant effect on network capabiltiy. Therefore, in order to induce innovative actions that are important in creating innovative results, various programs to enhance the network capabilities of entrepreneurs and promote knowledge sharing should be required as government support policies. This will serve as a driving force for entrepreneurs to voluntarily develop and implement ideas more flexibly and freely, thereby enhancing competitiveness through innovative growth of companies and industries. In other words, this study verified the effectiveness of government support in the network capability to help create innovative results by inducing innovative behavior along with knowledge sharing activities, and comprehensively demonstrated the relationship between factors in the overall structure.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.13-20
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• 2021

In the world, each country is preparing various policies to promote start-ups, and the Korean government is actively promoting policies to support start-ups and the national economy through technology-based start-ups for creating jobs. Recently, the number of start-up companies is on the rise. In particular, in accordance with the industrial structure transformation leading the 4th Industrial Revolution, technology-based start-ups are steadily growing based on knowledge-based services such as information and communication, science and technology service industry, and business support service industry. The purpose of this study is to find out whether the startup space provided by the university reflects the startup-friendly characteristics, and to investigate and analyze the satisfaction and requirements of the space required by the actual college campus startup space users to create a more efficient space configuration plan. Through this study, factors that should be considered first for universities in preparing startup spaces were derived for each space element. Therefore, it is necessary for university campuses to deeply recognize the importance of space provision among the future start-up support systems, and to improve them periodically through the consumers' satisfaction of the space in the construction and improvement of startup spaces.