• BMB Reports
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.72-81
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• 2007

In order to screen the aging related proteins in human normal colon epithelia, the comparative proteomics analysis was applied to get the two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) profiles with high resolution and reproducibility from normal colon epithelial tissues of young and aged people. Differential proteins between the colon epithelia of two age groups were found with PDQuest software. The thirty five differential protein-spots were identified by peptide mass fingerprint (PMF) based on matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS) and database searching. Among them there are sixteen proteins which are significantly up-regulated in the colonic mucosal epithelia of young people group, which include ATP synthase beta chain, electron transfer flavoprotein alpha-subunit, catalase, glutathione peroxidase 1, annexin A2 and heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein, etc.; There are nineteen proteins which are significantly up-regulated in the colonic mucosal epithelia of aged people group, which include far upstream element-binding protein 1, nucleoside diphosphate kinase B, protein disulfide-isomerase precursor and VDAC-2, etc.. The identified differential proteins appear to be involved in metabolism, energy generation, chaperone, antioxidation, signal transduction, protein folding and apoptosis. The data will help to understand the molecular mechanisms of human colon epithelial aging.

• 대한조선학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.25-29
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• 1980

For the preliminary estimation of the vertical hull natural frequency, the Schlick's or Schlick-type formulae have been traditional ones and are still in common use today. Some investigators have made their efforts, based on statistical data of ships' system parameters, to extend the applicability of Schlick-type formulae to higher modes, or to utilize the Rayleigh method. For instance, the work done by Dinsenbacher et al.[5] belongs to the former and that of Nagamoto et al.[6] to the latter. In a part of his previous paper[7], the author, investigating the case of a cargo ship of medium size, suggested that provided statistically simplified curves such as trapezoid of system parameter distributions are available in hands, direct utlization of an ordinary computer program can be also an another convenient method by which we can obtain both natural frequencies and normal mode shapes. In this paper, to confirm the feasibility of the above suggestion, four high speed boats are investigated. The system parameters of them are originally given in [5]. The computer program used here is one confiled based on a calculation method derived from Myklestal-Prohl modeling of hull, transfer matrix formulation and an extended Gumbel's initial value method for solving frequency equation. The results of the investigation show that the direct calculation based on statistically oriented and reasonably assumed trapezoidal mean curves of system parameter distributions can give us natural frequencies within about 5% deviation up to several-noded modes and normal mode shapes serviceable at least up to 4- or 5-noded modes in comparision with those based on actual distributions of system parameters. For this simplified method the actual data required for input are only of ship length, displacement, total added mass, bending and shear rigidity at amidship. They are available at the early stage of design. By this method we can also easily trace variations of vibration characteristics in the course of ship design cycles.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.13-20
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• 2001

음향 에코우제거기나 소음제어와 같은 임펄스 응답이 긴 디지털 필터를 이용하여 필터링을 할 경우 수렴속도가 느리고 계산시간이 많이 걸린다. 이러한 기존의 필터링에서 생기는 계산시간이나 수렴속도 문제를 개선하기 위해서 서브밴드 필터링과 멀티레이트 신호처리 기술이 개발되었다. 모든 시스템의 전달함수는 interpolator와 임펄스 응답사이에 임의 수만큼의 0이 들어있는 sparse 임펄스 응답을 갖는 서브필터를 직렬로 연결한 구조로 표현할 수 있다. 이 경우에 interpolator는 Hadamard 행렬로 표현되고 저역통과필터 특성을 갖는 원형필터를 균일하게 이동시킨 것과 같다. 그래서 입력신호를 Hadamard 변환을 이용하여 각 서브대역으로 분할하고 decimation을 하여 샘플링 레이트를 줄이는 멀티레이트기술이 음향 함수 모델링이나 잡음제거에 응용할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 decimation으로 생기는 에리어싱을 제거하고 수렴속도를 향상시키기 위해서 입력 신호를 트리구조를 갖는 필터뱅크를 이용하여 비균일한 서브대역으로 분할, 그리고 decimation을 하여 샘플링레이트를 변환하고 각 서브대역에서 계수를 갱신한 후 이 계수를 전대역으로 Hadamard 변환을 이용하여 변환하는 비균일한 대역폭을 갖는 delayless 필터 구조를 제안하고 이 구조를 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 통하여 성능을 검증한다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 제36회 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.2410-2412
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• 2005

In this study, two types of PS substrate were fabricated for sensing of chemical and biological substances. For sensing of the humidity and chemical analyzes such as $CH_3OH$ or $C_2H_5OH$, PS layers are prepared by photoelectrochemical etching of silicon wafer in aqueous hydrofluoric acid solution. To evaluate their sensitivity, we measured the resistance variation of the PS diaphragm. As the amplitude of applied voltage increases from 2 to 6Vpp at constant frequency of 5kHz, the resistance variation for humidity sensor rises from 376.3 to $784.8{\Omega}$/%RH. And the sensitivities for $CH_3OH$ and $C_2H_5OH$ were 0.068 uA/% and 0.212 uA/%, respectively. For biological sensing application, amperometric urea sensors were fabricated based on porous silicon(PS), and planar silicon(PLS) electrode substrates by the electrochemical methods. Pt thin film was sputtered on these substrates which were previously formed by electrochemical anodization. Poly (3-methylthiophene) (P3MT) were used for electron transfer matrix between urease(Urs) and the electrode phase, and Urs also was by electrochemically immobilized. Effective working area of these electrodes was determined for the first time by using $Fe(CN)_6^{3-}/Fe(CN)_6^{4-}$ redox couple in which nearly reversible cyclic voltammograms were obtained. The $i_p$ vs $v^{1/2}$ plots show that effective working electrode area of the PS-based Pt thin film electrode was 1.6 times larger than the PLS-based one and we can readily expect the enlarged surface area of PS electrode would result in increased sensitivity by ca. 1.6 times. Actually, amperometric sensitivity of the Urs/P3MT/Pt/PS electrode was ca 0.91uA/$mM{\cdot}cm^2$, and that of the Urs/P3MT/Pt/PLS electrode was ca. 0.91uA/$mM{\cdot}cm^2$ in a linear range of 1mmol/L to 100mmol/L urea concentrations

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.4131-4136
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• 2015

본 논문은 반사방지막의 성능을 더 정확히 비교 및 분석하기 위하여 기존 방법과 달리 반사방지막에 수직입사가 아닌 입사각이 $8^{\circ}$에서 $60^{\circ}$까지 변화한다고 가정하고 단층 구조와 다층 구조의 반사방지막의 평균반사율을 계산하고 비교하였다. 입사파의 파장범위를 400 nm ~ 1200 nm 라고 가정하고, 분석에 사용된 반사방지막의 구조는 두께 180 nm인 1차 및 5차 함수의 굴절률 분포를 갖는 6층 구조와 균일한 굴절률 분포를 갖는 단층구조이다. 분석 결과로써 180 nm 단층구조의 경우 평균반사율이 19.6 % 이고, 같은 두께의 6층 구조의 1차 함수 굴절률 분포에서는 14.2 % 이고, 5차 함수 경우에는 11.6 %의 결과를 얻어 균일한 굴절률 분포의 단층구조 보다 5차 함수 굴절률 분포를 갖는 6층 구조의 경우 약 8%의 반사율 감소 효과를 보았다. 이러한 결과는 향후 광소자 및 광 필터에 적용되는 반사방지막 제작에 용용 될 수 있다고 판단된다.

• 한국토양환경학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.21-30
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• 1998

본 조사의 목적은 적적한 조사방법이 미흡한 주유소에서의 오염현황 조사방법 및 그에 따른 주변지역으로의 오염물질이전 및 환경적 영향을 평가하는 것이다. Site assessment 방법에는 몇가지의 접근방법이 있는데, 본 연구에서는 정덕영(1997)에 의해 제안된 임의선정법/특별조사법 중 임의 격자법을 사용하였다. 조사결과에 의하면, 주유소에서의 물질성상은 몇 가지의 형태로 분류할 수 있었다. 지층구조는 약 1.5M까지는 매립토 (잡석&모래)로 충진하였으며, 1.8-3.5M 까지는 부드러운 모래와 미사토(Silty Sand빈 자연적인 토양층을 나타내고 있었다. 또한 4.0M 가까이에는 풍화토(C층) 출현하였다. (그림3. 지층구조측면도 참조). 또한, 저장탱크지역의 지하수위는 약 2.0M이며 남쪽에 흐르고 있는 개천의 수위와 거의 일정하게 유지되고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 결론적으로, 본 주유소 현황조사에 의하면, 실제의 누출이 UST 및 배관에서 진행되었으며, 오염농도는 대책지역기준인 200PPM을 초과한 것이 확인되었고, 오염원은 면적기준 $45M^{2}$내지 $50M^{2}$에 깊이 약 4M정도로 확산되어 있으며 2.0M에 서 3.5M사이에 부분적으로 고농도로 축적되어 있는 것이 확인되었고 오염의 정도는 계절에 따른 지하수위의 차이에 의해 이동된 것을 본 연구를 통하여 알아낼 수 있었다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2009년도 제38회 동계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.109-109
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• 2010

$Er^{3+}$ ion shows a stable and efficient luminescence at 1.54mm due to its $^4I_{13/2}\;{\rightarrow}\;^4I_{15/2}$ intra-4f transition. As this corresponds to the low-loss window of silica-based optical fibers, Er-based light sources have become a mainstay of the long-distance telecom. In most telecom applications, $Er^{3+}$ ions are excited via resonant optical pumping. However, if nanocluster-Si (nc-Si) are co-doped with $Er^{3+}$, $Er^{3+}$ can be excited via energy transfer from excited electrical carriers in the nc-Si as well. This combines the broad, strong absorption band of nc-Si with narrow, stable emission spectra of $Er^{3+}$ to allow top-pumping with off-resonant, low-cost broadband light sources as well as electrical pumping. A widely used method to achieve nc-Si sensitization of $Er^{3+}$ is high-temperature annealing of Er-doped, non-stoichiometric amorphous thin film with excess Si (e.g.,silicon-rich silicon oxide(SRSO)) to precipitate nc-Si and optically activate $Er^{3+}$ at the same time. Unfortunately, such precipitation and growth of nc-Si into Er-doped oxide matrix can lead to $Er^{3+}$ clustering away from nc-Si at anneal temperatures much lower than ${\sim}1000^{\circ}C$ that is necessary for full optical activation of $Er^{3+}$ in $SiO_2$. Recently, silicon-rich silicon nitride (SRSN) was reported to be a promising alternative to SRSO that can overcome this problem of Er clustering. But as nc-Si formation and optical activation $Er^{3+}$ remain linked in Er-doped SRSN, it is not clear which mechanism is responsible for the observed improvement. In this paper, we report on investigating the effect of separating the nc-Si formation and $Er^{3+}$ activation by using hetero-multilayers that consist of nm-thin SRSO or SRSN sensitizing layers with Er-doped $SiO_2$ or $Si_3N_4$ luminescing layers.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2013년도 제45회 하계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.281.2-281.2
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• 2013

Since heavy metal ions included in water or food resources have critical effects on human health, highly sensitive, rapid and selective analysis for heavy metal detection has been extensively explored by means of electrochemical, optical and colorimetric methods. For example, quantum dots (QDs), such as semiconductor QDs, have received enormous attention due to extraordinary optical properties including high fluorescence intensity and its narrow emission peaks, and have been utilized for heavy metal ion detection. However, the semiconductor QDs have a drawback of serious toxicity derived from cadmium, lead and other lethal elements, thereby limiting its application in the environmental screening system. On the other hand, Graphene oxide (GO) has proven its superlative properties of biocompatibility, unique photoluminescence (PL), good quenching efficiency and facile surface modification. Recently, the size of GO was controlled to a few nanometers, enhancing its optical properties to be applied for biological or chemical sensors. Interestingly, the presence of various oxygenous functional groups of GO contributes to opening the band gap of graphene, resulting in a unique PL emission pattern, and the control of the sp2 domain in the sp3 matrix of GO can tune the PL intensity as well as the PL emission wavelength. Herein, we reported a photoluminescent GO array on which heavy metal ion-specific DNA aptamers were immobilized, and sensitive and multiplex heavy metal ion detection was performed utilizing fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between the photoluminescent monolayered GO and the captured metal ion.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2000년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.731-736
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• 2000

The recently developed BEM-based NAH(nearfield acoustical holography) is a useful technique for identifying the sound source of vibrating objects. The acoustic parameters of a sound source can be reconstructed by using the vibro-acoustic transfer matrix, which is determined by means of BEM, and the sound pressure measured in the nearfield. Theoretically, one can come up with a very nice reconstructed result as the field plane gets near to the source surface. However, when a microphone is placed in the very close nearfield of the source surface, the scattering, reflection, or resonance in the gap between the source and the microphone can distort the acoustic field, and therefore, the measured field pressure would differ from the actual one in the absence of the microphone. In order to analyze this problem, the interference effect of the microphone is numerically calculated by using the nonsingular BEM that yields very small error in the nearfield. From this analysis, it is found that the prediction error of the field pressure decreases firstly and then increases as the microphone approaches the vibrating surface from the farfield to the close nearfield. It is noted that the microphone should be separated from the source surface by at least a diameter of the microphone for an error ratio less than 2% in the low frequency range less than about 2.7kHz. This means that if one wants to put a microphone in the very close nearfield. a microphone with small diameter should be used.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 반투영 거울을 사용하여 원하는 출력물을 허공에 디스플레이 하는 방식의 전시물 안내 시스템을 제안한다. 관람객이 전시물을 관람시 즉각적인 정보 획득이 가능하도록, 전시물에 대한 설명을 전시물 주변에 출력한다. 이를 위해 본 논문에서는 세 가지 문제를 해결한다. 첫째, 실시간 입력 카메라영상을 사용하여 위치 추적을 한다. 이를 통하여 고정된 전시물뿐만 아니라, 유동적인 전시물에도 사용이 가능하다. 둘째, 실시간으로 계산되어진 대상의 위치좌표를 이용하여 결과물을 출력할 때, 자연스러운 이동을 위하여 병렬처리를 통한 추적 알고리즘을 사용한다. 셋째, 공간 증강 현실 시스템제작을 위해 전시 공간 앞면에 반투영 거울을 설치하는데, 설치된 거울의 기울기로 인하여 생기는 왜곡은 반사 변환 행렬을 사용하여 보정한다. 본 논문의 제안 시스템은 전시물에 대하여 관람자의 호기심을 유발하며, 쉽고 즉각적인 설명을 통하여 관람자가 전시물에 대한 정보를 쉽고 빠르게 획득하도록 한다.