• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.105-116
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• 2021

Pillows are tools that humans have used for a long time to sleep or lie down and rest. It is bedding, and the oldest literature dealing with it is Volume 29 of 'GoryeoDogyeong', which describes embroidered pillows. The oldest relic is the queen's pillow (National Treasure No. 164) excavated from the tomb of King Muryeong, and is in the Gongju National Museum. This study attempts to investigate and reproduce the materials used in traditional pillows Yukgol pillows and pine nut pillows designs are based on literature and artifacts from the Joseon period to modern times. Regarding the research method, after reviewing literature and the relics of traditional pillows, the process of reproducing the traditional Yukgol pillow and the pine nut pillow production method were explained step by step. This study found the plain attitudes in the lives of people who used materials that could be easily gained from their daily lives in rural communities oriented to rice farming never recklessly threw out any piece of cloth or cotton and use it for pillow stuffing or pillow ends. Also, the sophisticated sense of aesthetics that you can see from the pine nut pillows, whose ends were made of remnants from making clothing are exquisitely similar to what was shown in patchwork previously. The biggest meaning of restoring traditional pillows was looking into traditional culture, particularly the ordinary people's living culture. It was very difficult because the researcher had to find materials that were difficult to obtain in this age, the making process was complex, and it took much time; however, it is significant in that the restoration of traditional pillows allows for the succession of tradition.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.339-347
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• 2011

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate of various material of pillows by using biomechanical variables such as the cervical stability, head pressure distribution, and muscle activity. Method: Eight subjects participated in the experiment. Three different materials such as polyester sponge, memory foam and the buckwheat shell used for Korean traditional pillow were tested. Electro-goniometer, six channels of electromyography(EMG), ten channels of the head pressure sensors were used to measure the biomechanical responses. Surface electrodes were attached to the right/left semispinals capitis(RSC, LSC), the right/left sternocleidomastoid(RSM, LSM), the right/left upper trapezius(RUT, LUT). The cervical stability was evaluated by the angle deviated from the standing neck position. The head pressure distribution was evaluated by the pressure per unit area recorded on the sensors and the intensity of peak pressure. Electromyography(EMG) data were analyzed by using root mean square(RMS) and mean power frequency(MPF). Results: The buckwheat shell material showed a higher stability in the cervical spine then the other pillows during spine position. In terms of head pressure distribution, the memory form indicated the lowest pressure at supine position, buckwheat shell material indicated the lowest pressure during lying down to side, and polyester cushion recorded the highest pressure at all postures. Conclusion: The buckwheat shell material has a biomechanical advantage to maintain a healthy neck angle and reduce the pressure on the head, which means the buckwheat shell is a potential material for ergonomic pillow design. The pillow with memory form showed second best biomechanical performance in this study. Application: The shape of the buckwheat shell pillow and the characteristics of materials can be used to design the pillow preventing neck pain and cervical disk problems.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.1-4
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• 2003

Sericulture is a traditional agro-industry, which involves mulberry cultivation and silkworm rearing, has made great contributes to the human civilization. With the development of national economy and modem technology, mulberry and silkworm are being used to develop products with functionality besides the traditional cocoon production in China. In this paper, we brief the current developing situation of sericultural byproducts with functionality in the following aspects. (1) Functional products from silkworm larvae: silkworm powder, white muscardine silkworm, isolation and purification of anti-bacterial proteins from the larvae and production of medically valuable substances by Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV) vector. (2) Utilization of silkworm feces: for pillow and for isolation of chlorophyll etc. (3) Production of valuable Chinese traditional medicine like Cordyceps sinensis with pupae, functional utilization of pupa protein and chitin. (4) Silk as additives to cosmetics, silk food and medical materials. (5) Functional utilization of mulberry: cultivation of edible fungus on mulberry shoots as medium, mulberry fruit drinks, mulberry tea, etc. The prospect of sericultural byproduct industry in China is also discussed.

• 한국의사학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.107-132
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• 2013

Objectives : This study was performed to investigate the research trends of hypertension in Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM), and it aims to promote hypertension research in Korean Medicine. Methods : We first collected more than 1,900 papers about hypertension research, and finally selected 108 papers related to this study. They were analyzed by the annul situation, the subject of the study, the perspective of TCM, the study stream, the research fields, the diagnostic patterns, and the distinguishing treatments of TCM. Results : The first review about hypertension in TCM was performed in 1963, and the number of studies has increased since 2000s. Doctors and researchers in China tried various diagnostic patterns to treat the patient because the diagnostic patterns were not unified. For this reason, most researches were reported to the diagnostic patterns and the treatments. Also we have discovered the diversity in treatments methods such as not only the typical herbal medicine, acupuncture, and Qigong but also specific treatments like Chuna, herbal acupoints stimulation, footbath, and pillow. Conclusions : Based on the results of this study, it can be proposed as follows : First, the various approach about hypertension in Korean Medicine is required. Second, the domestic research is needed to be extended to the external treatments as the distinguishing treatments of TCM.

• 복식
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• 제66권7호
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• pp.89-108
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is not only to trace the examples of 'Chesanja' from the texts and artifacts, but also to restore the terminology of the lost traditional Joseon embroidery technique. 'Chesanja' came on Mongolia and Yuan period affected embroidery techniques of the neighboring countries. Therefore, this study will focus on investigate the process of changing 'Chesanja' into Guya(Goya) through ${\ll}Barktonsa{\gg}$ the foreign language transcriptions of the Chosun dynasty, and examine the generation, fashion, and destruction of this technique with the social technical usage. Around the 16th century of the Joseon Dynasty, 'Chesanja' had been actively used as a decorative techniques to dairy products as well as a Buddhist memorial goods embroidered. Accor- dingly, in the "Beonnyeok-Baktongsa"(1515) appeared together written records with 'Chesanja' 'Gwiyeo[귀여]' the Eonhae(Korean annotation) only had emerged in the Joseon Dynasty. It was still a technique to decorate the edges of royal pillow in the mid-17th century. And we have checked from the text "Baktongsaeonhae"(1677) also. Despite this by the mid-18th century, the term in "Baktongsa-sinseok"(1765) and "Baktongsa-sinseok-eonhae"(1765) had disappeared. This phenomenon suggests the possibility that the production and utilization of 'Chesanja' required the sophisticated process for the ruling class had been declined with the custom of embroidery based on the gradation by colorful threads as the preferred technique. Therefore, 'Chesanja' and 'Gwiyeo'[귀여] disappeared from the records but they can be found in the artifacts of the royal family of 19th century. So Chesanja is calls Guya(Goya) and exists as unique technic only in the royal family.

• 한국전통조경학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.61-74
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• 2013

본 연구는 선조들이 궁궐이나 사가(私家)의 정원에 분을 이용하여 식물을 완상한 실증적인 사례들에 대하여 고문헌과 고전시문을 고찰하고 해석하여, 분에 식재된 식물소재와 분식물의 수형 및 식재기법 그리고 분식물의 배치와 애호행태 등을 고찰하였다. 연구의 방법은 분식물을 주제로 한 시문과 회화를 고찰하고 해석하는 기술(description)적 연구방법을 사용하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 분에 식재되어 애용된 식물로 목본류는 매화나무와 소나무를 비롯하여 만년송, 대나무, 동백나무, 석류나무, 치자나무 등 19종이고, 초본류는 국화와 연(蓮)을 비롯하여 12종이다. 둘째, 수형을 인위적으로 각별하게 가꾼 수종은 매화나무와 소나무로 두 식물은 왕피나 규반, 반간 등 줄기의 굴곡이 심한 생김새의 수형을 만들었으며, 기이한 등걸에 접붙인 매화나무와 괴석 위에 뿌리를 뻗게 석부하여 수형을 가꾼 소나무 분재도 있다. 분재의 수형미를 위해 노송에 솔방울을 달거나 줄기에 담쟁이덩굴을 식재하기도하고, '종분취경'이라 하여 분토에 이끼가 생기게 하는 부가적인 방법도 활용하였다. 식재기법으로 수경재배, 석부작, 숯부작, 모아심기 등도 시문에 표현되어 있다. 셋째, 분식물이 배치된 외부공간으로는 궁궐의 연조공간이나 연침공간, 사가의 건물 주변과 마당, 섬돌 위 등에 놓여 점경물 역할을 하였다. 분식물은 서재나 사랑방의 탁자나 책상, 문갑 위, 베갯머리 등에 놓여 실내공간의 소품 역할을 하며, 선비들은 이들 분식물의 고유의 특성과 상징성에서 의미를 취하여 즐겼다. 넷째, 분매(盆梅)의 개화시기에는 시회를 열어 매화를 감상하고 술을 마시며 시작활동을 하였으며, 국화 개화시는 술잔에 띄우거나 그림자놀이 등 풍류를 즐겼다. 다섯째, 분식물은 궁궐이나 사대부들의 아취 있는 모임이나 결혼식과 제사 등의 행사에서 점경물의 역할을 하였다. 여섯째, 분식물은 국가 간의 공물로 사용되기도 하고, 왕에게 드리는 진상품이나 왕의 하사품으로 이용되기도 하였다. 또한 선비들 사이에도 분식물을 주고받은 사례가 많으며, 목은 이색의 목은시고 에 분매를 선물한 최초의 기록이 있다. 일곱째, 분매와 분국, 분치, 분연 및 분에 심은 수선화 등의 개화시에 이들 식물의 고유의 향기를 즐기며, 시문으로 표현하였다. 여덟째, 동백나무, 서향화, 치자나무, 귤나무, 대나무, 석류나무, 해당화, 파초 등 남부수종이나 외래수종 및 내한성이 약한 종은 엄동설한에 중부이북지방의 실내에서 푸르름을 즐기기 위하여 분에 심어 활용되었다.