• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.133-150
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• 2005

Electronic Trade is dramatically changing classical international trade paradigms. In particular, under the new economic environment, the ability to utilize and Information Technologies such as Electronic Data Interchange, Web-based EDI, ebXML, web service, Internet are emerging as an important factor in deciding the competitiveness of export business. The primary purpose of this study is (1) to investigate motivation factors and performance factors of electronic trade, (2) to show the relationship between motivation factors and the level of the utilization of e-trade, (3) to reveal the relationship between the level of the utilization and performance factors of e-trade. Analysis of survey questionnaire of Korean middle and small companies indicates the following : (1) motivation factors such as cost factor, education and promotion and the search of new market, have positive effect on the level of utilization of e-trade. (2) the level of utilization of e-trade has positive effect on the performance factors such as cost factor, the search of new market, the improvement of task process.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.79-101
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• 2022

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to analyze and compare the international competitiveness of digital service trade between Korea and China and to help enhance the competitive advantage of digital service trade between the two countries. Design/methodology - This paper designs and establishes a comprehensive evaluation system for the international competitiveness of the Korea-China digital service trade. By using the analytical methods of combining theory and demonstration through qualitative and quantitative analysis, this paper makes a concrete and complete theoretical deconstruction and empirical measurement of its international competitiveness from the two levels of overall competitiveness and departmental competitiveness. At the same time, the study also analyzes the competitive advantages and comparative disadvantages of the two countries. Findings - It is found that South Korea has a strong competitive advantage in the sector competitiveness of digital service trade, and the export structure is reasonable and balanced, but the deficit pattern affects the overall competitiveness. China has a strong competitive advantage in the overall competitiveness of the digital service trade. However, the structural imbalance in the export sector weakens the competitiveness of the sector. Both Korea and China have the space advantage and competitive potential to enhance international competitiveness in terms of development trends. Originality/value - This paper takes the lead in solving the pain point of the relative lack of similar research topics. It demonstrates the evolution process, development trends, and structural characteristics of the digital service trade. A new combination of competitive power research methods is innovated, and a comprehensive evaluation system is established. The above innovation points show the academic theoretical value and practical application value of this study.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.67 no.2
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• pp.255-260
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• 2018

This study is focusing on the trade-offs between the passband ripples and transition bands of the Chebyshev BPF, which is converted by using the Chebyshev LPF that is well known as a proto-type analog filter. It is also focusing on the trade-offs between the passband ripples and transition bands of the cascading Chebyshev BPF, as well as, the trade-offs between the two BPFs. The study finds the frequency responses of the proto-type analog LPF, the Chebyshev BPF and the cascading Chebyshev BPF. The study shows the results as comparative analysis tables. The study designs the 10th Chebyshev BPF in order to analyze it easily. The simulation results show that the Chebyshev BPF decreases about 55% of the transition band for the -2.5[dB] passband ripple comparing to the -0.5[dB] passband ripple. This study shows the effectiveness and economic feasibility in the restricted frequency communication environment for the decrease of the transition band as providing the passband ripple margin.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.195-218
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• 2004

This paper explores the impact of pollution abatement cost on trade balance. First, We derive price pressure of spending pollution abatement cost using I-O table. Then the analysis is extended to the impact on trade balance by manufacturing sectors. The paper explicitly includes indirect effect of pollution abatement cost that is the effect through the change of the other sector prices and excluded in the previous studies. The results show that the impact of pollution abatement cost on trade balance is 0.30~0.46% of total trade volume of Korea. This is lower than that of the United States in 1970's.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.11-17
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• 2010

The present study attempts to provide the practical methodology to determine the spatial boundary of trade area, not depending on conventional circle-based regional analysis, but adopting dimension-diverging conception based on GIS and road connectivity by exemplifying a large-scale discount store with an outlook to enhance accuracy and reliability in trade area analyzing. Unlike the preliminary researches frequently relying on circular form of interpretation which were not likely to exclude obstacles blocking the accessibility to trade areas, the method suggested by the study is to suggest an alternative way for demarcating the trade areas more practically with better access by excluding in-between obstacles. Finally, we show verification of proposed cost models and performance by join strategy.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.191-199
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• 2021

The study examines the causal relationship between financial development and economic growth through trade openness for the leading ASEAN countries (Indonesia, the Philippines, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam). The study employs a panel data for the period of 25 years spanning from 1995 to 2015 for the six countries, yielding a balanced panel of 150 observations. Fixed effect model (FEM) and random effect model (REM) are used for the panel data, following the Hausman test performed for model selection. The trivariate Granger causality test is also used to check for possible relationship between the variables. The results show that REM is chosen based on the Hausman test result, suggesting that the trade openness has a positive association with growth whereas the financial development is positively, but insignificantly associated with growth. The reason for this is that the financial development and economic growth may be related to each other. The results are, then, further explored and confirmed by the causality test. That is, the financial development and the economic growth, through the trade openness, are found to have bidirectional positive relationships. This implies that there would be shortcomings when ignoring the presence of trade openness, which positively impacts the relationship between finance and growth.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.15-23
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aims to identify the role of technological progress in the distribution sector in Saudi Arabia. Research design, data, and methodology: The study applies the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach to estimate the Cobb Douglas production function of the wholesale and retail trade sector in Saudi Arabia, relied on annual data from the General Authority for Statistics from 2005 to 2019. Results: The results show that there is a long run relationship between the production of the wholesale and retail trade sector in KSA and the factors of production labour, capital and technology progress. The elasticity of the wholesale and retail trade production with respect to capital and labour are 0.26 and 0.78 respectively; the coefficients are positive and statistically significant. The wholesale and retail trade sector is operating under increasing returns to scale. The main result indicates that the elasticity of the wholesale and retail production with respect to the technology progress is 4.62%, which is positive and statistically significant. Conclusions: The study concluded that technological progress has a positive contribution to the growth of the distribution sector in KSA. Therefore, the technological progress can improve the productivity and efficiency of the resources allocated to the dis.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.119-138
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• 2023

Purpose - This research is to empirically explore the differences in apparel consumption among male and female teenagers and college students in Korea and China. By conducting a survey to understand customers' needs and behaviors, fashion businesses will be able to improve their customer satisfaction and avoid redundancy, inventory, and the waste of resources, effort and money. Design/methodology - The research design considers the consumption patterns of male and female high school and college students in Korea and China. To analyze the data, the study employs decision trees, a type of machine learning algorithm. A decision tree model was developed to examine the relationship between the explanatory and response variables, which can be either quantitative or qualitative in nature. Findings - The main findings of this study indicate that there are differences in shopping behavior among different customer segments. The results show that men have a simpler shopping behavior compared to women. Additionally, cultural factors and the difference in fashion needs between students and non-students have a significant impact on the shopping choices of Chinese and Korean individuals. Originality/value - Existing studies often assume that the shopping behavior of high school and university students is similar and that there are no significant differences in clothing purchases between men and women across countries. The results provide valuable insights into the unique shopping behavior of different customer segments, and can inform fashion businesses in their efforts to meet the needs of their customers.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.7 no.12
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• pp.3096-3117
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• 2013

To execute the performance driven Grid applications, an effective and scalable workflow scheduling is seen as an essential. To optimize cost & makespan, in this paper, we propose a Scalable Cost-Time Trade-off (SCTT) model for scheduling workflow tasks. We have developed a heuristic algorithm known as Scalable Cost-Time Trade-off Scheduling (SCTTS) with a lower runtime complexity based on the proposed SCTT model. We have compared the performance of our proposed approach with other heuristic and meta-heuristic based scheduling strategies using simulations. The results show that the proposed approach improves performance and scalability with different workflow sizes, task parallelism and heterogeneous resources. This method, therefore, outperforms other methods.

• Journal of the military operations research society of Korea
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.79-92
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• 1980

In cost-only incentive contract the emphasis is the attainment of efficient and effective cost control. In contrast multiple incentives contract correlates contractor's profit motives with the generalized government objective function, the decision variables of which are performance or quality (technical progress), time or schedule (timely development and delivery) and the cost (efficient and effective cost control) Under multiple incentive structure, it is essential to formulate the trade-off curves between cost and performance, which are called iso-fee curves. Trade-off curves depict the combination of cost and performance achievement for which the contractor will be rewarded with the same fee. The basic function of trade-off curves is to show he the contractor will be motivated by incentive arragement to trade off or sacrifice the achievement in one incentive element for the acnievment in another.