• Title/Summary/Keyword: trabecular

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Histopathological Studies on the Effect of Persimmon Leaves on Cadmium Poisoning in Mice (감잎이 마우스의 카드뮴 중독에 미치는 병리조직학적 관찰)

  • 장종식;권오덕
    • Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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    • v.17 no.1
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    • pp.76-82
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    • 2000
  • This study was undertaken to find out the effect of persimmon leaves on histopathological changes of cadmium toxicity in mice. Seventy two BALB/c mice of male were divided into a control group(A) and five experimental groups (B, C, D, E, F) : group A received tap water and basal diet, group B received tap water and diet supplemented with 3% persimmon leaves alone, group C received basal diet and 300 ppm cadmium, group D, E and F received basal diet supplemented with 1, 3% and 7% persimmon leaves and 300 ppm cadmium respectively. Cadmium dissolved in tap water was used, and the persimmon leaves were mixed with feed. All mice were dissected on the 84th day. Pathological changes in liver, kidney, cortical osseous tissue of femoral shaft, bone trabecular of femur, and epiphyseal cartilage plate of femur were observed. Group B showed no significant changes as the control group. But group C showed the unclearness of specific cells in liver, the loss of architecture and necrosis of hepatocyte, degeneration and necrosis of renal convoluted tubules, desquamation and vacuolization of the greater part of the renal tubular epithelium, marked thinning of the cortical osseous tissue in femoral shaft, reduction of cancellous bone volume and decreaswe of trabecular number, and marked thinning of epiphyseal cartilage plate in femur. On the other hand, persimmon leaves-treated group showed a little convalescent changes an maintained their normal architectures in liver, kidney, cortical osseous tissue of femoral shaft, bone trabecular of femur, and epiphyseal cartilage plate of femur.

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An Implementation of Classification Method of Osteoporosis using CT images (CT 영상을 이용한 골다공증 분류 방법의 구현)

  • Jung, Sung-Tae
    • Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.1-9
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    • 2016
  • In this paper, we propose a method of measuring bone mineral density in a peripheral-type clinical X-ray CT using a phantom, and we propose a method of classifying osteoporosis using bone mineral density and bone structure parameters together. It segments the trabecular bone region and cortical bone region for the six sections of the phantom and calculates the average HU value of the segmented regions. By using these values, it derives an expression converting HU value to bone mineral density. It segments trabecular bone of 1 cm region in the end part of distal radius and extracts the bone mineral density and structural parameters for the trabecular bone region. We extracted bone mineral density and structural parameters for the 18 subjects each of normal and osteoporotic group. We carried out classification experiments using three classification methods; SAD, SVM, ANN. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, likelihood ratio of the classification was improved in the order of ANN, SVM and SAD. Also, The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, likelihood ratio of the classification was improved when we use the bone mineral density and structural parameters together.

Effects of the Dietary Mixture of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver on Osteoporosis (두충[Eucommia ulmoides Oliver] 조성물이 골다공증에 미치는 효과)

  • 이동선;변상요
    • KSBB Journal
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    • v.16 no.6
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    • pp.614-619
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    • 2001
  • Inhibitory effects of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver against osteoporosis were studied with ovaryectomized rats. The diet mixture A of calcium, vitamin D$_3$, and vitamin K$_1$and the additional mixture B with extract of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver were fed for 7 months to ovaryectomized rats. The urine content of pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline was used as bone biochemical markers. Concentrations of deoxypyridinoline of ovaryectomized rats fed with the mixture A and B decreased 9.0% and 26.9%, respectively, when they were compared to the ovaryectomized control. The trabecular bone areas of proximal tibias of ovaryectomized rats were measured and compared to the ovaryectomized control. The areas fed with the mixture A and B increased 9.9% and 42.0%, respectively, that proved the inhibitory effect of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver against osteoporosis.

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Assessment of trabecular bone changes around endosseous implants using image analysis techniques: A preliminary study

  • Zuki, Mervet El;Omami, Galal;Horner, Keith
    • Imaging Science in Dentistry
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    • v.44 no.2
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    • pp.129-135
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    • 2014
  • Purpose: The objective of this study was to assess the trabecular bone changes that occurred around functional endosseous dental implants by means of radiographic image analysis techniques. Materials and Methods: Immediate preoperative and postoperative periapical radiographs of de-identified implant patients at the University Dental Hospital of Manchester were retrieved, screened for specific inclusion criteria, digitized, and quantified for structural elements of the trabecular bone around the endosseous implants, by using image analysis techniques. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 11.5. P values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 12 implants from 11 patients were selected for the study, and 26 regions of interest were obtained. There was a significant increase in the bone area in terms of the mean distance between nodes (p=0.006) and a significant decrease in the marrow area in terms of the bone area (p=0.006) and the length of marrow spaces (p=0.032). Conclusion: It appeared that the bone around the implant underwent remodeling that resulted in a net increase in bone after implant placement.

Anti-osteoporotic effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza extracts

  • Chae Han Jung;Keum Kyung Soo
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.17 no.5
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    • pp.1325-1329
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    • 2003
  • The preventive effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza extracts (SMEs) on the progress of bone loss induced by ovariectomy (OVX) was studied in rats. We measured body weight and bone histomorphometry in sham, OVX or SMEs-administered OVX rats. From light microscopic analyses, a porous or erosive appearances were observed on the surface of trabecular bone of tibia in OVX rats, whereas those of the same bone in sham rats and in SMEs-administered rats were composed of fine particles. The trabecular bone area and trabecular thickness in OVX rats decreased by 50% from those in sham rats, these decreases were completely inhibited by administration of SMEs for 7 weeks. In this study, the mechanical strength in femur neck was significantly enhanced by the treatment of SMEs for 7 weeks. In OVX rats, free T3 was normal in all cases, whereas free T4 was significantly increased. Although there was no difference between OVX and SMEs-administered rats in T3 level, we have found significant difference between them in T4 level. These results strongly suggest that SMEs are effective in preventing the development of bone loss induced by OVX in rats.

Effects of the Dietary Mixture of Isoflavone on Osteoporosis (이소플라본 조성물이 골다공증에 미치는 효과)

  • 이동선;변상요
    • KSBB Journal
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.420-425
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    • 2001
  • Inhibitory effects of isoflavone against osteoporosis were studied with ovaryectomized rats. The diet mixture A of calcium, vitamin D$_3$, and vitamin K$_1$ and an additional mixture B with isoflavone were fed for 7 months to ovaryectomized rats. The contents of deoxypyridinoline in the urine of rats fed with the mixture A and B decreased 9.0% and 29.5%, respectively. The trabecular bone areas of proximal tibias of ovaryectomized rats fed with the mixture A and B were measured and compared to the control. They increased 9.9% and 15.8%, respectively, that proved the inhibitory effect of isoflavone against osteoporosis.

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Preventing of Bone Loss in Ovariectomized Rats by Salvia miltiorrhiza Radix Root Extract

  • Park, Sung-Hye
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.156-160
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    • 2005
  • Salvia miltiorrhiza Radix root extracts (SMR) was evaluated for inhibition of the progress of bone loss induced by ovariectomy (OVX) in rats. We measured body weight and bone histomorphometry in sham, OVX and SMR-administered OVX rats. From light microscopic analyses, porous or erosive appearances were observed on the surface of trabecular bone of tibia in OVX rats, whereas those of the same bone in sham rats and in SMR-administered rats were composed of fine particles. The trabecular bone area and trabecular thickness in OVX rats were decreased by $50\%$ from those in sham rats, and these decreases were completely inhibited by administration of SMR for 7 weeks. In this study, the mechanical strength in femur neck was significantly enhanced by the treatment of SMR for 7 weeks. In OVX rats, free $T_3$ was normal in all cases, whereas free $T_4$ was significantly increased. Although there was no difference between OVX and SMR-administered rat in $T_3$ levels, we have found significant difference between them in $T_4$ level. These results strongly suggest that SMR may be beneficial for preventing bone loss in OVX rats.

Sensitivity analysis for finite element modeling of humeral bone and cartilage

  • Bola, Ana M.;Ramos, A.;Simoes, J.A
    • Biomaterials and Biomechanics in Bioengineering
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    • v.3 no.2
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    • pp.71-84
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    • 2016
  • The finite element method is wide used in simulation in the biomechanical structures, but a lack of studies concerning finite element mesh quality in biomechanics is a reality. The present study intends to analyze the importance of the mesh quality in the finite element model results from humeral structure. A sensitivity analysis of finite element models (FEM) is presented for the humeral bone and cartilage structures. The geometry of bone and cartilage was acquired from CT scan and geometry reconstructed. The study includes 54 models from same bone geometry, with different mesh densities, constructed with tetrahedral linear elements. A finite element simulation representing the glenohumeral-joint reaction force applied on the humerus during $90^{\circ}$ abduction, with external load as the critical condition. Results from the finite element models suggest a mesh with 1.5 mm, 0.8 mm and 0.6 mm as suitable mesh sizes for cortical bone, trabecular bone and humeral cartilage, respectively. Relatively to the higher minimum principal strains are located at the proximal humerus diaphysis, and its highest value is found at the trabecular bone neck. The present study indicates the minimum mesh size in the finite element analyses in humeral structure. The cortical and trabecular bone, as well as cartilage, may not be correctly represented by meshes of the same size. The strain results presented the critical regions during the $90^{\circ}$ abduction.

Correlation between gray values in cone-beam computed tomography and histomorphometric analysis

  • Najmeh, Anbiaee;Reihaneh, Shafieian;Farid, Shiezadeh ;Mohammadtaghi, Shakeri;Fatemeh, Naqipour
    • Imaging Science in Dentistry
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    • v.52 no.4
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    • pp.375-382
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    • 2022
  • Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the relationships between bone density measurements obtained using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and morphometric parameters of bone determined by histomorphometric analysis. Materials and Methods: In this in vivo study, 30 samples from the maxillary bones of 7 sheep were acquired using a trephine. The bone samples were returned to their original sites, and the sheep heads were imaged using CBCT. On the CBCT images, gray values were calculated. In the histomorphometric analysis, the total bone volume, the trabecular bone volume (referred to simply as bone volume), and the trabecular thickness were assessed. Results: Statistical testing showed significant correlations between CBCT gray values and total bone volume (r =0.537, P =0.002), bone volume (r =0.672, P<0.001), and trabecular thickness (r =0.692, P<0.001), as determined via the histomorphometric analysis. Conclusion: The results indicate a significant and acceptable association between CBCT gray values and bone volume, suggesting that CBCT may be used in bone densitometry.

A Histo-Pathological Study of Effect on Periodontal Regeneration with Calcium Sulfate Membrane on The Grade II Furcation Defects in Beagle Dogs (성견 치근이개부 병소에서 Calcium Sulfate 차폐막이 치주조직 재생에 미치는 영향에 대한 조직 병리학적 연구)

  • Kim, Young-Chool;Lim, Sung-Bin;Chung, Chin-Hyung;Lee, Chong-Heon
    • Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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    • v.33 no.4
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    • pp.693-703
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    • 2003
  • The present study evaluated the effects of guided tissue regeneration using xenograft material(deproteinated bovine bone powder), with and without Calcium sulfate membrane in beagle dogs. Contralateral fenestration defects (6 ${\times}$ 4 mm) were created 4 mm apical to the buccal alveolar crest of maxillary premolar teeth in 5 beagle dogs. Deproteinated bovine bone powders were implanted into fenestration defect and one randomly covered Calcium sulfate membrane (experimental group). Calcium sulfate membrane was used to provide GTR. Tissue blocks including defects with soft tissues which were harvested following four & eight weeks healing interval, prepared for histo-phathologic analysis. The results of this study were as follows, 1. In control group, at 4 weeks after surgery, new bony trabecular contacted with interstitial tissue and osteocytes lie cell were arranged in new bony trabecule. Bony lamellation was not observed. 2. In control group , at 8 weeks after surgery, scar-like interstitial tissue was filled defect and bony trabecule form lamellation. New bony trabecular was contacted with interstitial tissue but defect was not filled yet. 3. In experimental group, at 4 weeks after surgery, new bony trabecular partially recovered around damaged bone. But new bony trabecule was observed as irregularity and lower density. 4. In experimental group, at 8 weeks after surgery, lamella bone trabecular developed around bone cavity and damaged tissue was replaced with dense interstitial tissue. In conclusion, new bone formation regenerated more in experimental than control groups and there was seen observe more regular bony trabecular in experimental than control groups at 4 weeks after surgery. In control group, at 8 weeks after surgery, the defects was filled with scar-like interstitial tissue but, in experimental group, the defects was connected with new bone. Therefore xenograft material had osteoconduction but could not fill the defects. We thought that the effective regeneration of periodontal tissue, could be achieved using GTR with Calcium sulfate membrane.