• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.511-514
• /
• 2003

Previously, we reported that a diet including sesame meal (SM) increased plasma total and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol concentrations in goats. In the present study, the components in the sesame meal that can increase plasma total and HDL-cholesterol concentrations have been examined. In experiment 1, we gave goats defatted sesame meal diet (DSM) to investigate the influence of ether extract fraction remained in sesame meal. Corn gluten meal diet (CGM) was also fed to goats as a high-protein diet to examine the influence of high dietary protein level caused by usage of sesame meal. Plasma total and HDL-cholesterol concentrations of goats fed DSM and CGM did not change during experimental periods though they were elevated by feeding SM. In experiment 2, the influence of sesame oil and corn oil added in diets on plasma total and HDL-cholesterol concentrations in goats was investigated. Plasma total and HDL-cholesterol concentrations were increased by feeding both corn oil diet and sesame oil diet. In conclusion, the increase in plasma HDL-cholesterol concentration by feeding sesame meal was resulted by the effect of ether extract fraction including sesame oil or some lipid-soluble components remained in sesame meal.

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제44권3호
• /
• pp.392-399
• /
• 2017

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of different dietary proteins as fraction-enriched protein, defined by Cornell net carbohydrates and protein system (CNCPS), on in vivo ruminal fermentation pattern and blood metabolites in Holstein steers fed total mixed ration (TMR) containing 17.2% crude protein. Four ruminally cannulated Holstein steers in a $4{\times}4$ Latin square design consumed TMR only (control) and TMR with rapeseed meal (AB1), soybean meal (B2), and perilla meal (B3C). Each protein was substituted for 23.0% of crude protein in TMR. Rumen digesta were taken through ruminal cannula at 1 h interval during the feeding cycle in order to analyze ruminal pH, ammonia-N, and volatile fatty acids (VFA). Plasma metabolites in blood taken via the jugular vein after the rumen digesta sampling were analyzed. Feeding perilla meal significantly (p < 0.05) decreased mean ruminal pH compared with control and the other protein feeding groups. Compared with control, feeding protein significantly (p < 0.05) increased ruminal ammonia-N concentration except for AB1. Statistically (p > 0.05) similar total VFA appeared among control and the supplemented groups. However, control, AB1, and B2 showed higher (p < 0.05) acetate concentrations than B3C, and propionate was vice versa. CNCPS fractionated protein significantly (p < 0.05) affected concentrations of albumin and total protein in blood; i.e. plasma albumin was lower for control and B2 groups than AB1 and B3C groups. Despite lack of significances (p > 0.05) in creatinine and blood urea nitrogen, AB1 and B2 groups were numerically higher than the others.

• 한국동물학회지
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.28-32
• /
• 1965

It is well known that many kinds of chemical or metalic agent which were ionized or undissociated at toxified external medium and remarkable effect occurred to the fresh water fish. The effects of hydrogen ion concentration on serum protein of fresh water fish, (phycephalus argus CANTOR) had not been reported yet. In this point, authors attempted to study the changes of A/G ratio, total protein, hemoglobin, hematocrit, RBC , liver and kidney weight of snake head in the above environment. 95 snake heads were subjected to external medium with PH-4.5 and A/G ratio, hematocrit, hemoglobin, total protein, RBC, and liver & kidney weight were measured at 32.80, 15202000 and 272 hours respectively. In whole experimental period, L 1 and L2 globulin increased, on the other, albumin decreased as compare with control . Hence, the A/G ratio decreased remarkably . Though, total protein increased prominently through the whole experimental period, hematocrit, hemoglobin, RBC, increased only at 80 hours, and then decreased as compared to the control. Liver weight revealed distinctive increase at 80 hours, but no remarkable change could be seen there after. Hence, kidney weight revealed continuous rise. By these results, it may be said that as snake head were subjected to external medium with PH-4.5, this environmental factor influenced protein metabolism , blood component and organs.

• 한국어병학회지
• /
• 제36권2호
• /
• pp.361-368
• /
• 2023

Juveniles of the white leg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Weight 0.18±0.08 g) were exposed to nitrite-N at 0, 25, 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/L for 72 hours, and the lethal concentration, heamolymph and genes regulation were evaluated. The lethal concentration 50 (LC₅₀) of L. vannamei exposed to nitrite-N was 141.2 mg/L at 25℃ and 33 psu. In Total protein, total cholesterol, and BUN in heamolymph temporarily increased after the start of the experiment and then stabilized, but glucose, an indicator of stress, decreased over time in the entire experimental group, and creatines, an indicator of tissue damage, decreased with nitrite concentration until the first 12 hours. The genes of immune-related showed that masquerade-like serine proteinase(Mas) increased at 50 and 400 ppm for 24 hours, and then gradually decreased depending on concentration. In the case of prophenoloxidase, it was highest at 400 ppm for 40 hours, and other genes(Ras-related nuclear protein, Masquerade-like serine proteinase, proPO-activating enzyme) showed a response for 48 hours and then gradually decreased. The results of this study indicate that exposure to nitrite can affect the survival and hematological physiology of L. vannamei.

• 한국환경농학회지
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.296-300
• /
• 1998

본 실험은 담배에서 염스트레스에 따른 생리적 반응의 연구결과(제1보)를 기초로, NaCl를 농도별로 처리하여 생체내에서 일어나는 생화학적인 변화의 구명을 통해 염해기작의 기초자료로 얻고자 수행한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 총단백질과 가용성단백질은 염농도가 높아질수록 감소하였으며 처리간에는 120mM까지는 완만히 감소하였고, 150mM에서는 급격한 감소를 나타냈다. 전기영동 패턴은 염농도의 증가에 따라 새로운 polypeptide band의 생성과 소멸은 없었으며 약 74Kd의 polypeptide band에서 30mM과 60mM까지는 뚜렷한 양이 증가하였고 90mM부터는 감소하였다. 엽록소함량은 염농도의 증가에 따라 감소하였으며 특히 염해에 의한 반응은 엽록소b보다는 엽록소a가 민감하였다. ATPase활성과 peroxidase의 활성은 염농도가 높아질수록 120mM까지는 일정하게 증가하였으나 150mM에서 급격히 증가하여 담배의 염해의 생화학적인 제한범위는 120mM로 나타났다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제19권8호
• /
• pp.1159-1163
• /
• 2006

This experiment was performed to examine the influences of high ambient temperature on milk production, nutrient digestibility, energy and protein sufficiency ratio, and plasma metabolites concentration in lactating cows. In a $2{\times}2$ crossover design, four multiparous lactating Holstein cows were maintained in a chamber under treatment of constant moderate ($18^{\circ}C$) ambient temperature (MT) or high ($28^{\circ}C$) ambient temperatures (HT). The DMI and milk protein yield were significantly lower in HT (p<0.05). The milk yield, milk lactose yield, and milk SNF yield tended to be lower in HT (p<0.10). No statistical differences for 4% fat-corrected milk and milk fat yield were observed. Rectal temperatures were significantly higher in HT than MT (p<0.05). The apparent DM, OM, ether extract, CF, and ash digestibility did not differ between treatments. On the other hand, the apparent CP digestibility was increased significantly (p<0.05) and nitrogen free extract tended to increase (p<0.10) in HT. The sufficiency ratio of ME and DCP intake for each requirement tended to be lower in HT than in MT (p<0.10). Concentrations of total protein (TP), albumin, and urea nitrogen in plasma did not differ between treatments. Plasma 3-methylhistidine (3MH) concentration as a marker of myofibrillar protein degradation tended to be higher in HT (p<0.15). In conclusion, high ambient temperature was associated with a lower energy and protein sufficiency ratio, and decreased milk protein production, even though the body protein mobilization tended to be higher.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국생물공학회 2003년도 생물공학의 동향(XIII)
• /
• pp.324-327
• /
• 2003

본 논문에서는 hGM-CSF 유전자가 도입된 형질전환 담배세포를 이용하여 당의 농도 10, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 g/L 변화시켜 에너지 공급원으로써 사용 여부와 삼투압에 따른 protein, protease양을 관찰 하였다. 총 Protein은 배양 10일째 세포 생산량은 sucrose 60 g/L 일 때 가장 높았고, protease는 배양 10 일째 4610 U/L로 가장 높은 값을 나타 내었다.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제32권5호
• /
• pp.573-581
• /
• 1999

유용 양식어류인 이스라엘잉어를 대상으로 유수식 방법에 의해 시안독성에 대하여 5주 동안 그들의 혈액성상 및 화학적 변동을 조사하였다. 시안노출에 의한 이스라엘잉어의 RBC수, Hb농도 및 Ht값은 시안농도 151$\mu$g/$\ell$ 이상에서 4주 후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다 MCH 및 MCV는 시안농도 289$\mu$g/$\ell$에서 5주 후부터 유의한 증가를 나타내었으나, MCHC의 변동은 관찰되지 않았다. 혈청 무기성분인 calcium농도는 5주 후에 시안농도 151 $\mu$g/$\ell$ 이상에서 유의하게 감소하였고, magnesium농도는 시안농도 289$\mu$g/$\ell$에서 4주 후부터 유의한 증가를 나타내었으며, inorganic phosphate농도는 모든 시안농도에서 유의한 변동이 관찰되지 않았다. 혈청 유기성분인 total protein, albumin 및 glucose농도는 시안농도 151 $\mu$g/$\ell$이상에서 4주 후부터 유의한 감소가 인정되었다. 혈청 GOT, GPT 및 LDH활성은 시안농도 151 $\mu$g/$\ell$이상에서 3주 후부터 유의한 증가를 나타내었고, 혈청 Ch-E 활성은 289$\mu$g/$\ell$에서는 4주 후부터 유의한 증가를 나타내었으나, Al-P 및 amylase활성의 특징적인 변동은 관찰되지 않았다. 결론적으로 151 $\mu$g/$\ell$이상의 시안농도는 이스라엘잉어의 혈액내 의 RBC수, Hb농도 및 Ht값, 혈청내의 calcium, magnesium, total protein, albumin 및 glucose농도, 혈청내의 GOT, GPT 및 LDH 활성변동에 영향을 미치고 있었다.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제37권6호
• /
• pp.498-504
• /
• 2004

Removal of waste generated by Paralichthys olivaceus in the seawater aquarium using a foam separator was investigated. Protein concentration without a foam separator continuously increased until 3 days after stocking and reached at 25 mg/L after 5 days stocking, but protein concentration became lower than the initial protein concentration (2.5 mg/L) with a foam separator. The trends of other fish wastes such as ammonia, total suspended solids (TSS) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were similar to protein. Dissolved oxygen (DO) in the aquarium decreased below 6.0 mg/L without a foam separator, but with a foam separator the average DO in the aquarium was 7.3 mg/L. Foam separation with the increase of superficial air velocity (SAV) was more effective than that with the fixed SAV. This study showed that wastewater. treatment of seawater aquarium using a foam separator is effective method for a fish waste removal and oxygen supply.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.75-80
• /
• 2000

An improved method of refolding recombinant human proinsulin from E. coli was presented. It was based on a two-stage stirred tank reactor in which denatured proinsulin-s-sulfonate was mixed instantaneously with a reaction buffer in the first stage reactor, and then fed to the second stage reactor. The mixture was stirred further for a total of 30h in the second stage reactor. In this system, unfavorable effects present due to the increase in reaction volume and protein concentration for protein refolding, which becomes significant in a large-scale operation, were avoided. Refolding yields of over 80% was obtained for achieving reaction volume of upto 50 l at protein concentration of 1 mg/ml. The optimum urea concentration was 1M. Refolding yield at the 1-1 reaction volume and protein concentration of 0.5mg/ml was increased about 2.5-fold, compared to that in a batch reactor. By increasing protein concentration in a two-stage refolding reaction, the cost for insulin production could be reduced, therefore, making this process economical.