• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.117-123
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• 1981

The lipid composition of total serum lipids were investigated by latroscan TH-10 TLC analyzer in 69 healthy subjects and 62 patients with hypercholesterolemia. Total serum lipids level in healthy subjects was higher in females than males. There was a increase in total serum lipids level with increasing total serum cholesterol level in patients with hypercholesterolemia, regardless sex. Total serum lipids obtained from healthy subjects and patients with hypercholesterolemia were separated into phospholipids, free cholesterol, free fatty acids, triglycerides and cholesterol esters. Increasing the level of total serum cholesterol in the patients resulted in a decrease in the level of phospholipids, which was a major lipid fraction, indicating that HDL level in the patients was also decreased. However, cholesterol esters, triglycerides and free cholesterol levels in the patients were higher than those found in healthy subjects. The FC/CE ratio for male patients was lower than for healthy males, while in female patients, this ratio was similar to that observed in healthy females.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.375-382
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• 1984

The fatty acid compositions of lipids from five local varieties and three imported varieties of soybean were determined. Total and free lipids of the samples were extracted with chloroform-methanol mixture (2:1, v/v) and ethyl ether, respectively. The ether-extracted samples were extracted again with water saturated n-butanol to obtain bound lipids. The average percent contents of the lipid fractions were 21% (total), 18% (free), and 3.3% (bound). The results indicated that seven fatty acids (10:0, 12:0, 14:0, 16:0, 17:0, 20:0 and 22:0) were identified as minor fatty acids for all the varieties examined in this study. The relative contents of 18:2 were the highest (50.1-59.7%) in all the lipid fractions, and the contents in total and free lipids were in-fluenced by the local varieties. Little difference in fatty acid composition was noted between the total and free lipids of the samples. Total and free lipids contained more 18:1 (about 10%) and less 16:0 (about 40%) and 14:0 (about 34%) than did the bound lipids. The relative percent contents of 18:3 in the total, free and bound lipids were on average 8.9, 9.0, and 7.3 percents. The content in the total lipids of Gwanggyo varieties showed the highest level (11.1%), and in the bound lipids of Eundaedoo varieties the lowest (6.0%). In case of the total and free lipids, those varieties which showed higher relative contents of 18:1 generally had lower relative contents of 18:2 and 18:3.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.30-36
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• 1981

Neutral lipids of the total lipid extracted from 4 representative varieties of barley grown in Korea and their corresponding malt were studied. Total lipids of barley and malt were solvent extracted with chloroform:methanol:water (1.0 : 1.0 : 0.9, v/v), The total lipids were fractionated into neutral and polar lipids by silicic acid column chromatography, and neutral lipids fraction was separated by thin layer chromatography and quantitated by TLC scanner. The fatty acid compositions was determined by gas liquid chromatography. The average content of total lipid in the 4 barleys and their malts were 3.3 and 2.9%, and average of neutral lipids content in the barley and malt lipids were 73.8 and 68.5%, respectively. Among the neutral lipids, triglycerides and free fatty acids were the major components, and triglycerides content decreased and free fatty acids content increased during malting. Sterol esters, free sterols, 1,3-and 1,2-diglycerides were the minor components of the neutral lipids, and contents of those components showed increasing tendency during malting. The major fatty acid composition of the total lipids were linoleic, palmitic and oleic acids, and in general, the malts had lower amounts of unsautrated fatty acids and high amounts of saturated fatty acids. Fatty acid composition of neutral lipids was of almost the same pattern as that of the total lipids.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.204-212
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• 1985

Lipid and fatty acid compositions of the bound lipids in Panax quinquefolium (Korea, Japan and China), Panax quinquefolium (America, Canada) and Panax notoginseng (China) were studied by means of silicic acid column chromatography, thin-layer chromatography and gas-liquid chromatography. The could lipid contents in various ginsengs were 0.29 to 0.48%, in which neutral lipid fractions were 63.6 to 67.3%, glycolipid fractions 21.9 to 25.7% and phospholipid fractions 7.7 to 12.4%. The content compositions of neutral lipid fractions were lower and those of glycolipid and phospholipid fractions were higher in the bound lipids than in the free lipids from the various ginseng. The major components were fatty acids, diglycerides and free sterols in neutral lipid fractions, monogalactosyl diglyceride, sterol glucoside and esterified steryl g1ycoside in glycolipid fractions and phosphatidyl glycerol, phosphatidyl ethanolamine and phosphatidic acid in phosphoipid fractions. Seventeen fatty acids were analyzed in the four bound lipid fractions from the various ginsengs and main fatty acids were linoleic acid, palmitic acid and oleic acid. Total saturated fatty acid and palmitic acid contents were higher and total unsaturated fatty acid and linoleic acid contents lower in the total bound lipids than in the total free lipids from the various ginsengs.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.83-92
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• 2001

This study evaluated the effects of Dioscorea batatas and Gastrodia rhizoma on fatty acid composition of serum, liver and brain in rats which were fed control diet adding 5%, 10%, 15% Dioscorea batatas powder and 5%, 10%, 15% Gastrodia rhizoma powder for 3 weeks, respectively. In the other total fatty acid composition of serum lipids, the percentage of SFA was higher in the control group than in the other groups. The percentages 18:2 and 20:4 in serum lipids were significantly higher in the group 5, 6 and 7 than control group. In phospholipid fatty acid composition of serum lipids, the percentage of 18:2 was significantly higher in the group 5, 6 and 7 than in the other groups. 16:0, 18:0, 18:1, 18:2 and 20:4 were the main fatty acid in the total fatty acid and phospholipid fatty acid composition of liver lipids. 16:0, 18:0, 18:1, 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6 were the main fatty acid in the total fatty acid and phospholipid fatty acid composition of brain lipids.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.61-71
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• 1992

This study was designed to evaluate the anti hypercholesterolemic effect in either soybean oil or lard containing hypercholesterol diet in rats. Rats were fed, ad libitum, for 5 weeks with diets containing 0, 5, 10% of L.edodes in either soybean oil or lard with 1% exogenous cholesterol. Forty-two male sprague-dawley rats weighing 71.6$\pm$8.1g were divided into 6 groups. The results of this study were summairzed as follows: 1. Weight gain, total feed intake, feed intake efficiency ratio, total calorie intake and calorie efficiency ratio during five weeks showed significant difference among groups. The lowest value was found in soybean oil ＋ L.edodes-free group and the highest value was found in lard ＋ L.edodes-free group. The weight of organs were significantly higher in lard groups than soybean oil groups. 2. The contents of serum triglyceride showed significant difference kinds of lipids. It tended to be lower soybean oil groups than lard groups. It was difference with dietary L.edodes levels in soybean oil groups. The contents of total serum cholesterol showed significant difference by kinds of lipids, it was lower soybean oil groups than lard groups. But it was not differ with dietary L.edodes levels in soybean oil groups. 3. The contents of total liver cholesterol showed no difference kinds of lipids. And it was lower in soybean oil groups than lard groups. This result showed that the soybean oil decreased the contents of total liver cholesterol.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.234-238
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• 1989

In the presence of a photosensitizer, rose bengal, phooxidatlon in serum total lipids has been studied and the effects of ginseng water extract and saponins on it have reviewed. In the presence of rose bengal, serum total lipids undergo photooxidation and produce lipid hydroperoxides. On the other hand, ginseng water extract and dial saponins largely inhibit photooxidation and decrease the amount of lipid hydroperoxides in serum total lipids.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.25-30
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• 1990

The seeds of 16 domestic plants were studied for their moisture, total lipids and fatty acid composition. Of the 16 seeds, chestnut, corn, mungbean and ginko nut yielded less than 9% by weight of total lipids compared to others that gave 20-73%. The identified fatty acids from the seed lipids ranged from lauric acid (12:0) to lignoceric acid(24:0). It was intended in this study to classify the seed lipids according to their major fatty acids: Group t-Oleic acid; Group 2-0leic acid and linoleic acid; Group 3-linoleic acid; Group 4-linolenic acid ; Group 5-erucic acid ; Group 6-ricinoleic acid. The saturated fatty acid content of mungbean (33%) was the highest among the seed lipids studied. The highest value for the P/S fatty acid ratio(10) was in perilla.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.324-332
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• 1988

Effects of a change in dietary Ca content and an alteration in dietary lipid type on lipid metabolism have been investigated in male Sprague-Dawley rats. The results obtained were summarized as follows ; 1) There was no comparable changes in food consumption and body weight gain among all 9 groups. 2) Serum total lipids and cholesterol were lowest when high Ca-corn all diet was fed, and highest when low Ca-butter diet was fed. 3) The contents of total lipids and cholesterol per g liver and total liver showed no consistent tendency with the dietary treatment. 4) Addition of Ca to the diet caused the significant increase in the dry fecal matter and fecal Ca. And fecal total lipids and fecal cholesterol were much greater if the high-Ca diet was fed than if control and low-Ca diet were fed. It is concluded that Ca and polyunsaturated acids have tendency of hypocholesterolemic effect.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.312-319
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• 2007

This study was performed to investigate the effect of lecithin on lipid metabolism and antixidative capacity in 9-week-old rats. Forty-five male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 249.8 g were blocked into three groups according to their body weight and raised for 8 weeks with experimental diets containing 1% (LM) or 5% lecithin (LH) and control (C) diet. Plasma and liver total lipids, triglyceride, total cholesterol and plasma HDL-cholesterol concenterations, and fecal total lipids, triglyceride, total cholesterol and bile acid excretions were measured. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in plasma, liver, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities in red blood cell and liver, xanthine oxidase (XO) activities in plasma and liver, and total antioxidant status (TAS) in plasma were also measured. Effect of lecithin intake on antioxidative capacity was not significantly different among all the groups. Plasma total lipids, triglyceride and total cholesterol levels were lower in lecithin groups compared to control group, and these three lipid levels of lecithin groups were lowered dose-dependently as dietary lecithin level increased. But liver total lipids, triglyceride and total cholesterol levels were not different among all the groups. Also fecal total lipids, triglyceride and total cholesterol excretions were highest in high lecithin groups compared to two other groups. Thus it is plausible that lecithin intake decreases plasma lipid levels through increasing fecal lipid excretions, and may be beneficial for treatment and prevention of hyperlipidemia, but has no effect on antioxidative capacity.