• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.34 no.3 s.134
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• pp.263-268
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• 2003

This study was carried out to evaluate the change of blood constituents during the growth of antlers in Korean spotted deer (Cervus nippon). Samples of blood, obtained from the jugular vein of twenty five deer (3 to 6 year-old males) were taken in 10 days interval from casting to cutting of antler and were analyzed the blood parameters. Total-protein concentration in blood serum showed significantly differences during growth period of velvet antler (p<0.01), and it had similar tendency for total protein and albumin concentration, but albumin concentration was about 40-45% of total protein concentration. Urea and creatinine concentration was tended to inverse proportion, and it was almost 30:1 for ratio of urea and creatinine concentration. The concentration of total protein, creatinine, and uric acid concentration in blood during growth period of velvet antler was similarly increased and decreased but urea concentration was opposed. The concentration of total-bilirubin and direct-bilirubin at casting was higher than those at other period(P<0.05).

• International Journal of Reliability and Applications
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2013

A nonparametric procedure for testing exponentially against used better than aged in expectation (UBAE) class of life distributions is presented. We construct a test statistics based on scaled total time on test (TTT)-transformation, to test exponentiality against UBAE class of life distributions. The distribution of the statistic is investigated via simulation. Practical applications of the proposed test are presented.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.764-769
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• 1994

This study was performed to obtain fast, consistant and reliable estimation system of bacterial counts of raw milk, which effectively related to the quality of sanitaion and the condition of production at the farm. This study compared regression equation and correlation coefficient relationship between standard plate counts and data of Malthus conductance method for the detection time of total, psychrotrophs, coliform bacterial counts in raw milk. Regression equation (RE) between conductance detection time (Y) and total bacterial log counts (X) was Y=18.27651 - 2.07550X, with correlation coefficient -0.95(n=201). In coliform, RE was Y=9.320848 - 1.15598X with correlation coefficient -0.90 (n=207). Psychrotrophs had the RE of Y=29.96008-3.02487 with correlation coeffecient -0.9 (n=201). This conductance method gave results more quickly and was less labor-intensive than traditional standard plate count method.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.341-345
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• 2007

This study was designed to investige the effects of Houttuynia cordata Thunb mixture extract on the lipid metabolism in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced liver damage of rats. LPS-treatment increased the levels of total-lipid, LDH (lactate, dehydrogenas), triglyceride (TG) and malondialdehyde (MDA). But Houttuynia cordata Thunb mixture extract (HM) pretreatment decreased the levels of total lipid, LDL-cholesterol, TG and MDA. Also LPS-treatment decreased total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol, but HM-pretreatment increased both of them. These results demonstrated that HM-pretreatment had the preventive effects against the dyfunction of lipid metabolism in the LPS-induced liver damage of rats.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.182-192
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• 2015

In this paper, we introduce how to change the reaction rate as mol concentration when we scan enhanced MRI with GBCA(Gadolinium Based Contrast Agent), Also show the changing patterns depending on diverse MRI sequences which are made by different physical principle. For this study, we made MRI phantom ourselves. We mixed 500 mmol Gadoteridol with Saline in each 28 different containers from 500 to 0 mmol. After that, MR phantom was scanned by physically different MRI sequences which are T1 SE, T2 FLAIR, T1 FLAIR, 3D FLASH, T1 3D SPACE and 3D SPCIR in 1.5T bore. The results were as follows : *T1 Spin echo's Total SI(Signal Intensity) was 15608.7, Max peak was 1352.6 in 1 mmol. *T2 FLAIR's Total SI was 9106.4, Max peak was 0.4 1721.6 in 1 mmol. *T1 FLAIR's Total SI was 20972.5, Max peak was 1604.9 in 1 mmol. *3D FLASH's Total SI was 20924.0, Max peak was 1425.7 in 40 mmol. *3D SPACE 1mm's Total SI was 6399.0, Max peak was 528.3 in 3 mmol. *3D SPACE 5mm's Total SI was 6276.5, Max peak was 514.6 in 2 mmol. *3D SPCIR's Total SI was 1778.8, Max peak was 383.8 in 0.4 mmol. In most sequences, High signal intensity was shown in diluted lower concentration rather than high concentration, And also graph's max peak and pattern had difference value according to the each different sequence. Through this paper which have quantitative result of GBCA's reaction rate depending on sequence, We expect that practical enhanced MR protocol can be performed in clinical field.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.15-23
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• 1985

Therapy for anovulation represents one of the more gratifying and successful type of infertility management. Despite the introduction of bromocriptine, human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG), and gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), clomiphene citrate remains the mainstay of ovulation induction therapy. There is wide variability in reported rates of ovulation induction (57-91%) and conception (25-43%) following clomiphene therapy. Factors contributing to this variability among different reports are the differences in dosage and duration of therapy, different criteria utilized in selecting patients for clomiphene therapy and different luteal phase parameters of presumptive ovulation. A review of recent experience with clomiphene citrate in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Seoul National University from January, 1983 to May, 1985 yields the following conclusions: 1. Ovulation rate per total patients treated was, 69.0% 2. Pregnancy rate per total patients treated was 31.7%, and that per total patients ovulated was 45.9%. 3. Ovulation rate at the dosage level up to 150 mg/day (50.3-53.8%) was somewhat higher than that at 200 mg/day or more (33.3-34.6%), and pregnancy rate per total patients treated was comparable at each dosage level. 4. Ovulation rate per total patients ovulated at each dosage level, where ovulation and conception occurred, showed a decreasing tendency as the dosage increased, but pregnancy rate per total patients conceived was comparable except at 200 mg/day. 5. Cumulative pregnancy rate per total patients conceived in each ovulatory cycle was 68.9% in 3 cycles, 88.9% in 4 cycles, and 100% in 6 cycles.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.26.1-26.9
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• 2017

Fishes in genus Sardinella are small pelagic species, which plays an important role in marine ecosystem as the first consumer. Those species are also commercially important, whose total catch reaches 278,600 tons in 2011 in Indonesia, but their identification has been difficult for their morphological similarity. In this study, we reported Sardinella jussieu for the first time in Indonesian coastal area (Banten Bay, Indonesia, $6^{\circ}\;0^{\prime}\;50.00^{{\prime}{\prime}}\;S-106^{\circ}\;10^{\prime}\;21.00^{{\prime}{\prime}}\;E$). We were able to confirm the species by both its morphological characteristics including the black spot at dorsal fin origin, the dusky pigmentation at caudal fin, 31 total scute numbers, and DNA sequence identity in the GenBank database by the molecular analysis. Its total mitochondrial genome was determined by the combination of next-generation sequencing and typical PCR strategy. The total mitochondrial genome of Sardinella jussieu (16,695 bp) encoded 13 proteins, 2 ribosomal RNAs, 22 transfer RNAs, and the putative control region. All protein-coding genes started with ATG and typical stop codon and ended with TAA or TAG except for ND4 in which AGA is used. Phylogenetic analyses of both COI region and full mitochondrial genome showed that S. jussieu is most closely related to Sardinella albella and Sardinella gibbosa

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.161-170
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• 2002

Total(=wet+dry) atmospheric depositions were collected by filtration-sampling method at 17 sampling sites of the coal-fired power plant area from September 1999 to January 2000. The soluble and insoluble fractions of deposition were also measured to investigate a suitability of simplified collection method for a long-term monitoring of total deposition. In the study, the 50% of sampled soluble fractions showed the electric conductivity (E.C.) of below 50 $\mu$S/cm and the 42% of them showed the lower pH than 5.0. The monthly mean fluxes of water soluble ionic components; S $O_4$$^{2-}$, C $l^{[-10]}$ , N $O_3$$^{[-10]}$ , N $a^{+}$, N $H_4$$^{+}$, $K^{+}$, $Mg^{2+}$, $Ca^{2+}$ were 168.4 kg/k $m^2$.month, 100.5 kg/k $m^2$.month, 88.6kg/k $m^2$.month, 31.3kg/k $m^2$.month, 25.6 kg/k $m^2$.month, 13.3 kg/k $m^2$.month, 8.7 kg/k $m^2$.month, 43.1kg/k $m^2$.month, respectively. The mean ionic concentration of all sample(n=79) was 314 $\mu$eq/ι, with contributions of 24.2% and 23.0% by [nss-C $a^{2+}$] and [nss-S $O_4$$^{2-}$]. The ratio of [N $O_3$$^{[-10]}$ ]/[nss-S $O_4$$^{2-}$] and [N $H_4$-C $a^{2+}$] were found to be 0.52 and 0.68, respectively.espectively.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.812-822
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• 2014

Metagenomic analysis of the human intestinal microbiota has extended our understanding of the role of these bacteria in improving human intestinal health; however, a number of reports have shown that current total fecal DNA extraction methods and 16S rRNA universal primer sets could affect the species coverage and resolution of these analyses. Here, we improved the extraction method for total DNA from human fecal samples by optimization of the lysis buffer, boiling time (10 min), and bead-beating time (0 min). In addition, we developed a new long-range 16S rRNA universal PCR primer set targeting the V6 to V9 regions with a 580 bp DNA product length. This new 16S rRNA primer set was evaluated by comparison with two previously developed 16S rRNA universal primer sets and showed high species coverage and resolution. The optimized total fecal DNA extraction method and newly designed long-range 16S rRNA universal primer set will be useful for the highly accurate metagenomic analysis of adult and infant intestinal microbiota with minimization of any bias.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.340-346
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• 1996

In order to find out if staphylococci occur in significant numbers in Korean fermented fish products, a total of 40 different fermented fish products were collected from different markets in Korea and analyzed for their physico-chemical and microbiological states. The pH, salt concentration and water activity of the products were measured and the total viable cell count and the number of Staphylococcus grown on mannitol salt agar were determined. The identification of the strains of Staphylococcus were made by API Staph Strip and MIS identification kits, and the physiological properties of the identified strains were further characterized by different conventional methods. The pH, salt content and water activity of fermented fish samples varied widely from 4.8 to 7.1, 7.4-28.7$%$ and 0.77-0.84, repectively, depending on the type of product. The total viable cell count varied from $10^4-10^9$ cfu/ml, and most of the samples had $10^5-10^6$ cfu/ml No correlation was found between the viable cell count and the pH, NaCl concentration and water activity of the samples. Among the 35 colonies identified as Staphylococcus strains by the identification kits, S. xylosus was the most frequently occurring strain marking 17, and S. warneri was 8, S. epidermidis 4 and S. cohnii 2. S. hominis, S. saprophyticus, S. haemolyticus and S. aureus were also identified once each. In some samples (K-3, P-6, K-8, G-5 and G-10), 2-3 different species of Staphylococcus were found. Considering the region of sampling, among the 10 samples from Kunsan 5 were identified as S. warneri, while in the other regions S. xylosus was predominant. Although the physiological characteristics of the identified strains were generally consistent with those in Bergey's Manual, some discrepances were also observed. All the strains were highly salt tolerant, growing in the media containing over 18$%$ NaCl. All the strains except S. aureus (G-11) showed negative in hemolysis activity, plasma coagulation and DNase tests. All the strains including S. aureus (G-11) showed negative in enterotoxin test.