• 한국건강관리협회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.165-171
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• 2005

Passive smoking is the involuntary inhalation of tobacco smoke by a person, especially a non-smoker, who occupies and area with smokers or a smoker. Passive smoking may cause eye and nose irritation, sore throat, headache, cough to everyone, and it is known that non-smokers have the same kinds of illness with smokers. Smoking rate among the adults aged over 20 in Korea is higher than that of the US or European conturies. Therefore we suppose that Koreans may be exposured to passive smoking than the people of other conturies. It is necessary that people have the knowledge on the heath problems caused by passive smoking and on prevention from the involuntary inhalation of tobacco smoke. I propose that the smokers should be informed the importance of smoking cessation.

• 한국독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국독성학회 2002년도 Molecular and Cellular Response to Toxic Substances
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• pp.173-173
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• 2002

This study was conducted to compare two biomarkers of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS); urinary cotinine and 1-hydroxypyrene-glucuronide (1-OHPG). Urine samples were collected from 102 junior high school students. Urinary cotinine was determined by GC and urinary 1-OHPG was assayed by synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy (SFS) after immuno-affinity purification using monoclonal antibody 8E11.(omitted)

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.67-74
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• 1985

Cis-trans forms of fatty acids in cigarette smoke condensate were separated and characterized using SP 2340 glass capillary gas chromatography. The transforms of fatty acids, palmitoeladic , 1-vaccenic, eladic and linoeladic acid were identified. These components were not present only 3% of the total fatty acid fraction, but they showed a very low transfer rate.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.162-167
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• 2001

This study was carried out to quantitatively determine phenol compounds in smoke total particulate matter(TPM) to evaluate the qualititive characteristics of flue-cured tobacco varieties(NC82, KFl14 and KFl18). After collecting The TPM by using smoking machine, the concentration of phenol compounds were analyzed by gas chromatography as their trimethylsilyl derivative on a fused capillary column bonded with a 5％ PE ME siloxane stationary phase. In all the flue-cured tobacco varieties, the major phenol components were monohydroxy compounds. The order of the highest concentration of total phenol compounds in TPM was NC82, KF114 and KFl18 but the contents of dihydroxy compound in the KFl18 was higher than those of NC82 and KF114.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.120-126
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• 2005

The Fishtail Chimney system mounted on 1 channel smoking machine is not appropriate for the routine analysis of sidestream smoke, because of its low repeatability and very long time required for smoke collection. To overcome this inconvenience, we developed a new sidestream smoke collecting apparatus compatible for 8 channel linear smoking machine. An electric motor driven stroke and automatic control system were adopted in this device to maximize convenience and efficiency of its operation. Also, we carried out the international collaborative study on monitoring sidestream smoke analysis to test the performance of this system. From the statistical analysis of the data obtained in our laboratory and other participating labs, it has been indicated that the newly developed sidestream smoke collection apparatus could be applicable to the routine analysis of sidestream smoke.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.19-27
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• 1990

지금까지 연기중의 Nicotine, CO등 몇몇 화합물의 함량 측정과 관능 검사등을 통하여 담배의 품질을 평가해 왔다. 그러나 담배 연기중의 수 많은 화학 성분들을 고려할 때 전연기 성분이 생체에 미치는 영향을 측정함으로써 그 품질을 평가할수 있는 새로운 방범이 요구된다. 담배연기에 의한 생체 손상 쿵 가장 일차적이고 영향이 큰 것으로 알려진 활성 산소종(H2O2, O2-, ·OH)은 그 반응성이 크고 life time이 짧기 때문에 측정이 어렵다. 저자들은 이들을 분해하는 효소를 이용하여 연기중에서 생성되는 이들 산소 자유 라디칼을 측정하였으며 그 결과 담배의 종류에 따라 이들의 생성이 현저한 차이를 보여 일반적으로 고급 담배로 알려진 것들은 낮았고 저급 담배일 수록 높았다. 따라서 이들 산소 자유 라디칼의 측정은 흡연과 건강이라는 측면에서 매우 유용한 담배의 품질 평가 방법으로 이용될수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제52권6호
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• pp.427-432
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• 2019

Objectives: In Indonesia, 61 million adults smoked in 2018, and 59 million were exposed to secondhand smoke at offices or restaurants in 2011. The Presidential Decree 109/2012 encouraged local governments to implement a smoke-free policy (SFP), and the city of Jayapura enacted a local bill (1/2015) to that effect in 2015. This study aimed to evaluate compliance with this bill and to explore challenges in implementing it. Methods: We conducted a mixed-methods study. Quantitatively, we assessed compliance of facilities with 6 criteria (per the bill): the presence of signage, the lack of smoking activity, the lack of sale of tobacco, the lack of tobacco advertisements, the lack of cigarette smoke, and the lack of ashtrays. We surveyed 192 facilities, including health facilities, educational facilities, places of worship, government offices, and indoor and outdoor public facilities. Qualitatively, we explored challenges in implementation by interviewing 19 informants (government officers, students, and community members). Results: The rate of compliance with all 6 criteria was 17% overall, ranging from 0% at outdoor public facilities to 50% at health facilities. Spatial patterning was absent, as shown by similar compliance rates for SFP facilities within a 1-km boundary around the provincial and city health offices compared to those outside the boundary. Implementation challenges included (1) a limited budget for enforcement, (2) a lack of support from local non-governmental organizations and universities, (3) a lack of public awareness at the facilities themselves, and (4) a lack of examples set by local leaders. Conclusions: Overall compliance was low in Jayapura due to many challenges. This information provides lessons regarding tobacco control policy in underdeveloped areas far from the central government.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.489-494
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• 2021

In this study, radioactivity quantitative analysis was performed on radon contained in cigarette, and the effective dose was calculated using the result value to determine the amount of exposure caused by smoking. A total of 5 types of cigarettes were sampled. Cigarette smoke was collected by using activated carbon, and tobacco were measured by homogenizing for quantitative analysis. For each sample, Bi-214 and Pb-214 were subjected to gamma nuclide analysis to observe the uranium-based radioactive material contained in cigarette, and a measurement time of 30,000 seconds was set for the sample based on the results of previous studies. As a result of measuring the radioactivity of tobacco, a maximum of 0.715 Bq/kg was derived, and in the case of cigarette smoke measured using activated carbon, a maximum of 3.652 Bq/kg was derived. Using this measurement, the average effective dose to the lungs is 0.938 mSv/y, and it was found that there is a possibility of receiving exposure up to 1.099 mSv/y depending on the type of tobacco. It was found that the exposure dose due to cigarette occupies a large proportion of the annual effective dose limit for the general public. Therefore, more diverse studies on radioactive substances in cigarette are needed, and measures to monitor and reduce the incidental exposure to radon should be established.

• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.83-89
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• 2002

The single cell gel electrophoresis (comet) assay is one of the useful tools for the study of genetic damage in humans exposed to environmental mutagens and carcinogens. This study was undertaken to evaluate the status of DNA damage in peripheral lymphocytes depending on their sex, age, smoking habits, and other factors in normal healthy Korean population. The 99 volunteers included in the study and out of these, 36 volunteers were smoker and 63 volunteers were non-smoker aged between 20-59 years. All individual answered a questionnaire that assessed their general information including smoking habits and the extent of the environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure, and blood samples were obtained. There was a statistically significant difference in the extent of DNA damage between smoker and non-smoker (p<0.001). A significant difference was also observed between male and female (p<0.001) and amongst the different group of age (p<0.005), however, correlation analysis showed that only smoking habit was a significant factor for DNA damage. No significant effect of smoking duration, number of cigarettes smoking a day, SPY (smoke pack years) in smokers and environmental tobacco smoke exposure in non-smokers on the status of DNA damage was observed.

• 한국대기환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국대기환경학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.344-345
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• 2000

인류가 흡연을 시작하면서 담배는 보편적인 사람들의 기호식품으로 이용되기도 했으나, 보건학적으로 인간의 건강을 위협하는 가장 위협적인 존재로 인식되고 있다. 흡연자의 담배연기에 비흡연자가 무저항적으로 노출되는 간접흡연의 문제는 생활수준의 향상과 생활활동 양식의 변화, 건강에 대한 관심의 증대로 현대인들에게 매우 중요한 문제가 되고 있다. 환경중 담배연기(Environmental Tobacco Smoke; ETS)는 흡연자의 입, 비강에서 품어내는 주류연(mainstream smoke)과 담배가 자연 연소되면서 발생하는 부류연(sidestream smoke)이 환경공기 중에 확산된 상태의 담배연기를 일컫는 용어로 실내공기의 주요오염원이다. (중략)